centos7安装mysql数据库步骤_const7怎么创建mysql数据库-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/wei15552147820/article/details/145503871

先从mysql官方网站下载tar包，浏览器下载速度慢的话可以使用迅雷下载。

https://www.mysql.com/downloads/

centos7选择这个

用的是电脑，选择这个

点击下载这个包。注意如果下载的版本不一样安装步骤可能会有所变化，因为软件一直在更新。不放心的话可以直接安装我这个版本，比较新了。

下载完之后使用xftp软件将这个tar包上传到centos7中

箭头是那个tar包，下面红矩形里面的就是解压之后的全部文件

我的centos7是everything也就是全量版本的里面的东西比较全面所以选的这个版本。

[root@localhost ~]# ll
total 8
-rw-------. 1 root root 2997 Dec 19 10:47 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 19 10:49 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 19 10:49 Documents
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 53 Feb 5 08:53 Downloads
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 19 10:49 Music
-rw-------. 1 root root 2109 Dec 19 10:47 original-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 19 10:49 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 19 10:49 Public
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 19 10:49 Templates
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 19 10:49 Videos
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cd downloads
bash: cd: downloads: No such file or directory

我上传到root下面的Downloads文件夹下面了，大家可以自己创建文件夹放到自己的文件夹下面

[root@localhost ~]# cd Downloads/
[root@localhost Downloads]# ls

这个就是上传的tar包
mysql-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@localhost Downloads]#
[root@localhost Downloads]#

使用这个命令对tar包进行解压缩，解压缩之后先删除mariadb数据库，删除完mariadb数据库之后按照下面的安装顺序安装即可（必须按照安装顺序来，包和包之间存在依赖关系）
[root@localhost Downloads]# tar xvf mysql-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-debuginfo-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-icu-data-files-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debug-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装之前先把centos7自带的mariadb数据库给删除掉，这个数据库和mysql有冲突，先往下面找删除这个数据库的步骤，有完整步骤显示

[root@localhost Downloads]# rpm -qa|gerp mariadb
bash: gerp: command not found...
Similar command is: 'grep'
[root@localhost Downloads]# cd /
[root@localhost /]# ls
bin dev home lib64 mnt proc run srv tmp var
boot etc lib media opt root sbin sys usr
[root@localhost /]#
[root@localhost /]#
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa|gerp mariadb
bash: gerp: command not found...
Similar command is: 'grep'
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa|gerp mariadb
bash: gerp: command not found...
Similar command is: 'grep'
[root@localhost /]# ls
bin dev home lib64 mnt proc run srv tmp var
boot etc lib media opt root sbin sys usr
[root@localhost /]#
[root@localhost /]#
[root@localhost /]# cd home
[root@localhost home]# ls
wangwei
[root@localhost home]#
[root@localhost home]#
[root@localhost home]# cd wangwei
[root@localhost wangwei]# ls
Desktop Downloads myapp Public Videos
Documents Music Pictures Templates
[root@localhost wangwei]#
[root@localhost wangwei]#
[root@localhost wangwei]# cd Downloads/
[root@localhost Downloads]#
[root@localhost Downloads]# ls
[root@localhost Downloads]#
[root@localhost Downloads]#
[root@localhost Downloads]# cd /
[root@localhost /]#
[root@localhost /]#
[root@localhost /]#
[root@localhost /]# ls
bin dev home lib64 mnt proc run srv tmp var
boot etc lib media opt root sbin sys usr
[root@localhost /]#
[root@localhost /]#
[root@localhost /]# cd root
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg Documents Music Pictures Templates
Desktop Downloads original-ks.cfg Public Videos
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cd Down
bash: cd: Down: No such file or directory
[root@localhost ~]# cd Downloads/
[root@localhost Downloads]# ls
mysql-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-debuginfo-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-icu-data-files-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debug-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost Downloads]#
[root@localhost Downloads]#
[root@localhost Downloads]#

安装第一个包
[root@localhost Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-common-9.2.0-1.el################################# [100%]

安装第二个包
[root@localhost Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-plugins-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-plugins-9.################################# [100%]

安装第三个包
[root@localhost Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost Downloads]# ^C
[root@localhost Downloads]# cd /
[root@localhost /]#
[root@localhost /]#

========删除mariadb数据库=========

使用这个命令看自己系统里是不是有这个数据库
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa|grep -i mariadb

有的话就显示这个数据库及其版本
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

使用这个命令把mariadb数据库给删掉
[root@localhost /]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

再次查看是否存在这个数据库，没有的话就不在显示这个数据库及其版本
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa|grep -i mariadb
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa|grep -i mariadb

================================

[root@localhost /]# ls
bin dev home lib64 mnt proc run srv tmp var
boot etc lib media opt root sbin sys usr
[root@localhost /]# cd root
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg Documents Music Pictures Templates
Desktop Downloads original-ks.cfg Public Videos
[root@localhost ~]# cd Downloads/
[root@localhost Downloads]#
[root@localhost Downloads]#

安装第四个包
[root@localhost Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-9.2.0-1.el7 ################################# [100%]

安装第五个包
[root@localhost Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-9.2.0-1.el################################# [100%]

安装第六个包
[root@localhost Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-icu-data-files-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-icu-data-files-9.################################# [100%]

安装第七个包
[root@localhost Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-9.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-server-9.2.0-1.el################################# [100%]
[root@localhost Downloads]#
[root@localhost Downloads]#
[root@localhost Downloads]#

全部安装完之后使用这个命令进行数据库初始化
[root@localhost Downloads]# mysqld --initialize --console

修改数据库文件查看权限
[root@localhost Downloads]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/

运行数据库，会在日志中得到一个密码
[root@localhost Downloads]# systemctl start mysqld

查看日志获取密码，这个密码是#No4X6uRd0:3
[root@localhost Downloads]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep localhost
2025-02-05T17:15:12.257019Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: #No4X6uRd0:3
[root@localhost Downloads]#

登录mysql数据库
[root@localhost Downloads]# mysql -uroot -p

修改数据库用户root的密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root'
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost Downloads]#
[root@localhost Downloads]#
[root@localhost Downloads]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 9.2.0 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

安装完成后，使用dbeaver进行连接的时候可能会出现下面的错误
null, message from server: “Host ‘192.168.10.1‘ is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server“

登录mysql数据库

mysql -u root –p

选择这个库
mysql>use mysql;

执行这个命令，即可将MySQL只允许本地访问改为所有主机都能访问

UPDATE user SET Host='%' WHERE User='root' AND Host='localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

使用dbeaver连接的时候，需要从自己的操作系统ping通虚拟机。如果ping不通就检查一下虚拟机防火墙看看是不是被防火墙拦截了，要是防火墙开着就先关掉。下面连接成功了。