TMMI_测试过程改进框架_优化级别8_测试过程优化1

PA 5.3 Test Process Optimization 测试过程优化

Purpose

The purpose of Test Process Optimization is to continuously improve the existing testing processes used in the organization and to identify new testing technologies (e.g., test tools or test methods) that may be appropriate and to transition them into the organization in an orderly manner. Test Process Optimization also supports the re-use of test assets across the organization. The improvements support the organization’s product quality and test process performance objectives as derived from the organization’s business objectives.

测试流程优化的目的是持续提升组织现有测试流程和确定适当的新测试技术，并且把这些新技术按顺序过渡到组织内使用。测试过程优化也支持组织的测试资产重用。提升支持了组织的产品质量和测试流程性能目标（源自组织业务目标）

Introductory Notes

At the highest level of the TMMi, the test process is subject to continuous improvement across projects and across the entire organization. The test process is quantified and can be fine-tuned in order for capability growth to become an ongoing process. An organizational infrastructure exists to support this continuous growth. This infrastructure, which consists of policies, standards, training facilities, tools and organizational structures, has been put in place through goal achievement processes that constitute the TMMi hierarchy. Test Process Optimization is in essence about developing a system to continuously improve testing. Optimizing the test process involves the following:

在TMMI的最高水平，测试流程趋向于跨项目和跨整个组织的持续提升。测试流程被量化并且能够调整使能力增长变成一个持续的过程。组织架构存在来支持它的持续增长。这个框架是由政策，标准，培训，工具，组织架构组成的。被使用在整个目标完成过程（构成了TMMI的层次结构）。测试过程优化的本质是开发一个系统持续提升测试。优化测试过程。包括：

 Establishing test process assessment and improvement procedures with responsibilities assigned from a leadership perspective  Identifying testing practices that are weak and those that are strong and suggesting areas for process asset extraction and re-use  Deploying incremental and innovative improvements that measurably improve the organization’s test processes and technologies  Selecting and providing best practices to the organization  Continuously evaluating new test-related tools and technologies for adoption  Supporting technology and knowledge transfer  Re-use of high quality test assets

建立测试过程评估和提升责任流程（从领导层角度来看的），确定测试实践（差的和好的）以及过程资产提取和重用的建议。实施增量的创新的提升，它们能可测量地提升组织的测试流程和技术。选择和提供最佳的实践，持续评估新测试相关的工具和技术来适应，支持技术和知识转化，高质量测试资产重用.

Continuously improving the testing process involves proactively and systematically identifying, evaluating and implementing improvements to the organization’s standard test process and the projects’ defined processes on a continuous basis. Test process improvement activities are often also needed as a result of a changing environment, e.g., the business context, the test environment itself or a new development lifecycle. All of this is done with higherlevel management sponsorship. Training and incentive programs are established to enable and encourage everyone in the organization to participate in test process improvement activities. Test improvement opportunities are identified and evaluated for potential return on investment to the organization using business goals and objectives as a point of reference. Pilots are performed to assess, measure and validate the test process changes before they are incorporated into the organization’s standard process.

持续提升测试流程包括前瞻性地和系统地明确，评估和实施提升到组织的标准测试流程，持续提升项目定义的流程。测试过程提升行为被经常需要因为环境的改变。比如，商业环境，测试环境本身或者新的开发生命周期。所有这些都被高级管理层赞助下完成。培训和激励项目被建立来保证和鼓励所有人参与到测试流程提升行为中。测试提升机会被验证和评估组织潜在的投资回报率，使用业务目标和目的作为一个参考点。试点被执行来评估，测量和验证测试流程改变，在它们被集合到组织的标准流程以前。

To support Test Process Optimization the organization typically has established a group, e.g., a Test Process Group, that works with projects to introduce and evaluate the effectiveness of new testing technologies (e.g., test tools, test methods, and test environments) and to manage changes to existing testing technologies. Particular emphasis is placed on technology changes that are likely to improve the capability of the organization’s standard test process (as established in the Test Lifecycle and Integration process area). By maintaining an awareness of test-related technology innovations and systematically evaluating and experimenting with them, the organization selects appropriate testing technologies to improve the quality of its products and the productivity of its testing activities. Pilots are performed to assess new and unproven testing technologies before they are incorporated into standard practice.

为了支持测试流程优化，组织通常建立一个团队，比如测试流程团队，它们和项目组一起工作来介绍和评估新测试技术的效率，以及管理现有测试技术的改变。特别强调的是那些提升组织标准测试流程的能力的技术改变。通过维护测试相关技术创新的认识和系统评估及使用它们。组织选择适当的测试技术来提升产品质量和测试行为的生产力。试点被执行来评估新的和未证明的测试技术，在它们被集合到标准实践以前。

Organizations now fully realize that both test processes and testware are corporate assets and that those of high quality should be documented and stored in a process repository in a format that is modifiable for re-use in future projects. Such a repository, possibly already establishedless comprehensively at TMMi level 3, is often called a test process asset library. At TMMi level 3 some re-use of testware across projects may already take place; however, reuse of test assets become a major goal at TMMi level 5. Note that test process re-use in this context means the use of one test process description to create another test process description.

组织现在充分意识到测试过程和测试件是公司资产，那些高质量的东东应该被文档化并且存储在过程仓库，以可修改的格式，保证在将来项目重用。这些仓库，可能已经在tmmi3建立，通常叫做测试过程资产库。在TMMI3，一些重用的测试件已经存在，然鹅，测试资产重用变成主要的目标在tmmi5. 测试过程重用在这个地方意味着使用一个测试流程描述来产生新的测试过程描述。

Scope

The process area Test Process Optimization addresses the practices for continuously identifying test process improvements, evaluating and selecting new testing technologies and deploying them in the organization’s standard test process, including planning, establishing, monitoring, evaluating and measuring the test improvement actions. It also covers the re-use of high quality test assets across the organization. This process area complements and extends the processes and practices defined by the Test Organization and Test Lifecycle and Integration process areas at TMMi level 3.

测试流程优化的过程域处理实践（持续明确测试流程提升），评估和选择新的测试技术和使用它们到组织标准测试流程。包括计划，建立，监控，评估和测量 测试提升行为。 它也包含了在组织内重用高质量测试资产。这个过程域完善和延伸了测试组织定义的过程和实践，测试生命周期，以及集成过程域。

Specific Goals and Practice Summary

SG 1 Select Test Process Improvements 选择测试流程提升。

SP 1.1 Collect and analyze test process improvement proposals SP 1.2 Pilot test process improvement proposals SP 1.3 Select test process improvement proposals for deployment

SG 2 Evaluate New Testing Technologies to Determine their Impact on the Testing Process

评估新技术来决定它们在测试过程中的影响。

SP 2.1 Identify and analyze new testing technologies SP 2.2 Pilot new testing technologies SP 2.3 Select new testing technologies for deployment

SG 3 Deploy Test Improvements 部署测试提升

SP 3.1 Plan the deployment SP 3.2 Manage the deployment SP 3.3 Measure improvement effects

SG 4 Establish Re-use of High Quality Test Assets 建立高质量测试资产的重用

SP 4.1 Identify re-usable test assets SP 4.2 Select test assets to be added to the re-use library SP 4.3 Deploy re-usable test assets SP 4.4 Apply re-usable test assets in projects