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follow-me-install-kubernetes-cluster/06-部署node节点.md
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部署kubernetes node节点
kubernetes node 节点包含如下组件:
- Flanneld:参考我之前写的文章Kubernetes基于Flannel的网络配置,之前没有配置TLS,现在需要在serivce配置文件中增加TLS配置。
- Docker1.12.5:docker的安装很简单,这里也不说了。
- kubelet
- kube-proxy
下面着重讲kubelet和kube-proxy的安装,同时还要将之前安装的flannel集成TLS验证。
目录和文件
我们再检查一下三个节点上,经过前几步操作生成的配置文件。
$ ls /etc/kubernetes/ssl admin-key.pem admin.pem ca-key.pem ca.pem kube-proxy-key.pem kube-proxy.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem $ ls /etc/kubernetes/ apiserver bootstrap.kubeconfig config controller-manager kubelet kube-proxy.kubeconfig proxy scheduler ssl token.csv
配置Flanneld
参考我之前写的文章Kubernetes基于Flannel的网络配置,之前没有配置TLS,现在需要在serivce配置文件中增加TLS配置。
service配置文件/usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service。
[Unit] Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent After=network.target After=network-online.target Wants=network-online.target After=etcd.service Before=docker.service [Service] Type=notify EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/flanneld EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/docker-network ExecStart=/usr/bin/flanneld-start $FLANNEL_OPTIONS ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/flannel/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/docker Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target RequiredBy=docker.service
/etc/sysconfig/flanneld配置文件。
# Flanneld configuration options # etcd url location. Point this to the server where etcd runs FLANNEL_ETCD_ENDPOINTS="https://172.20.0.113:2379,https://172.20.0.114:2379,https://172.20.0.115:2379" # etcd config key. This is the configuration key that flannel queries # For address range assignment FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX="/kube-centos/network" # Any additional options that you want to pass FLANNEL_OPTIONS="-etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem -etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem -etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem"
在FLANNEL_OPTIONS中增加TLS的配置。
在etcd中创建网络配置
执行下面的命令为docker分配IP地址段。
etcdctl --endpoints=https://172.20.0.113:2379,https://172.20.0.114:2379,https://172.20.0.115:2379 \
--ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
--key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
mkdir /kube-centos/network
etcdctl --endpoints=https://172.20.0.113:2379,https://172.20.0.114:2379,https://172.20.0.115:2379 \
--ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
--key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
mk /kube-centos/network/config "{ \"Network\": \"172.30.0.0/16\", \"SubnetLen\": 24, \"Backend\": { \"Type\": \"vxlan\" } }"
注意:vxlan的性能损耗大约是40%~50%,如果将Type设置为host-gw,网络性能损耗只有10%左右,而配置没有什么不同,只是要保证kubernetes的所有node都在同一个二层网络中。
配置Docker
Flannel的文档中有写Docker Integration:
Docker daemon accepts --bip argument to configure the subnet of the docker0 bridge. It also accepts --mtu to set the MTU for docker0 and veth devices that it will be creating. Since flannel writes out the acquired subnet and MTU values into a file, the script starting Docker can source in the values and pass them to Docker daemon:
source /run/flannel/subnet.env
docker daemon --bip=${FLANNEL_SUBNET} --mtu=${FLANNEL_MTU} &
Systemd users can use EnvironmentFile directive in the .service file to pull in /run/flannel/subnet.env
如果你不是使用yum安装的flanneld,那么需要下载flannel github release中的tar包,解压后会获得一个mk-docker-opts.sh文件。
这个文件是用来Generate Docker daemon options based on flannel env file。
执行./mk-docker-opts.sh -i将会生成如下两个文件环境变量文件。
/run/flannel/subnet.env
FLANNEL_NETWORK=172.30.0.0/16
FLANNEL_SUBNET=172.30.46.1/24
FLANNEL_MTU=1450
FLANNEL_IPMASQ=false
/run/docker_opts.env
DOCKER_OPT_BIP="--bip=172.30.46.1/24"
DOCKER_OPT_IPMASQ="--ip-masq=true"
DOCKER_OPT_MTU="--mtu=1450"
现在查询etcd中的内容可以看到:
$etcdctl --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} \
--ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
--key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
ls /kube-centos/network/subnets
/kube-centos/network/subnets/172.30.14.0-24
/kube-centos/network/subnets/172.30.38.0-24
/kube-centos/network/subnets/172.30.46.0-24
$etcdctl --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} \
--ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
--key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
get /kube-centos/network/config
{ "Network": "172.30.0.0/16", "SubnetLen": 24, "Backend": { "Type": "vxlan" } }
$etcdctl get /kube-centos/network/subnets/172.30.14.0-24
{"PublicIP":"172.20.0.114","BackendType":"vxlan","BackendData":{"VtepMAC":"56:27:7d:1c:08:22"}}
$etcdctl get /kube-centos/network/subnets/172.30.38.0-24
{"PublicIP":"172.20.0.115","BackendType":"vxlan","BackendData":{"VtepMAC":"12:82:83:59:cf:b8"}}
$etcdctl get /kube-centos/network/subnets/172.30.46.0-24
{"PublicIP":"172.20.0.113","BackendType":"vxlan","BackendData":{"VtepMAC":"e6:b2:fd:f6:66:96"}}
设置docker0网桥的IP地址
source /run/flannel/subnet.env ifconfig docker0 $FLANNEL_SUBNET
这样docker0和flannel网桥会在同一个子网中,如
6: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
link/ether 02:42:da:bf:83:a2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.30.38.1/24 brd 172.30.38.255 scope global docker0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
7: flannel.1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/ether 9a:29:46:61:03:44 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.30.38.0/32 scope global flannel.1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
现在就可以重启docker了。
重启了docker后还要重启kubelet,这时又遇到问题,kubelet启动失败。报错:
Mar 31 16:44:41 sz-pg-oam-docker-test-002.tendcloud.com kubelet[81047]: error: failed to run Kubelet: failed to create kubelet: misconfiguration: kubelet cgroup driver: "cgroupfs" is different from docker cgroup driver: "systemd"
这是kubelet与docker的cgroup driver不一致导致的,kubelet启动的时候有个—cgroup-driver参数可以指定为"cgroupfs"或者“systemd”。
--cgroup-driver string Driver that the kubelet uses to manipulate cgroups on the host. Possible values: 'cgroupfs', 'systemd' (default "cgroupfs")
启动flannel
systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start flanneld systemctl status flanneld
安装和配置 kubelet
kubelet 启动时向 kube-apiserver 发送 TLS bootstrapping 请求,需要先将 bootstrap token 文件中的 kubelet-bootstrap 用户赋予 system:node-bootstrapper cluster 角色(role), 然后 kubelet 才能有权限创建认证请求(certificate signing requests):
$ cd /etc/kubernetes $ kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \ --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \ --user=kubelet-bootstrap
--user=kubelet-bootstrap是在/etc/kubernetes/token.csv文件中指定的用户名,同时也写入了/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig文件;
下载最新的 kubelet 和 kube-proxy 二进制文件
$ wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.6.0/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ tar -xzvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ cd kubernetes
$ tar -xzvf kubernetes-src.tar.gz
$ cp -r ./server/bin/{kube-proxy,kubelet} /usr/bin/
创建 kubelet 的service配置文件
文件位置/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.serivce。
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kubelet
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kubelet \
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
$KUBELET_API_SERVER \
$KUBELET_ADDRESS \
$KUBELET_PORT \
$KUBELET_HOSTNAME \
$KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV \
$KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER \
$KUBELET_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
kubelet的配置文件/etc/kubernetes/kubelet。其中的IP地址更改为你的每台node节点的IP地址。
### ## kubernetes kubelet (minion) config # ## The address for the info server to serve on (set to 0.0.0.0 or "" for all interfaces) KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=172.20.0.113" # ## The port for the info server to serve on #KUBELET_PORT="--port=10250" # ## You may leave this blank to use the actual hostname KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname-override=172.20.0.113" # ## location of the api-server KUBELET_API_SERVER="--api-servers=http://172.20.0.113:8080" # ## pod infrastructure container KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER="--pod-infra-container-image=sz-pg-oam-docker-hub-001.tendcloud.com/library/pod-infrastructure:rhel7" # ## Add your own! KUBELET_ARGS="--cgroup-driver=systemd --cluster-dns=10.254.0.2 --experimental-bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig --require-kubeconfig --cert-dir=/etc/kubernetes/ssl --cluster-domain=cluster.local. --hairpin-mode promiscuous-bridge --serialize-image-pulls=false"
--address不能设置为127.0.0.1,否则后续 Pods 访问 kubelet 的 API 接口时会失败,因为 Pods 访问的127.0.0.1指向自己而不是 kubelet;- 如果设置了
--hostname-override选项,则kube-proxy也需要设置该选项,否则会出现找不到 Node 的情况; --experimental-bootstrap-kubeconfig指向 bootstrap kubeconfig 文件,kubelet 使用该文件中的用户名和 token 向 kube-apiserver 发送 TLS Bootstrapping 请求;- 管理员通过了 CSR 请求后,kubelet 自动在
--cert-dir目录创建证书和私钥文件(kubelet-client.crt和kubelet-client.key),然后写入--kubeconfig文件; - 建议在
--kubeconfig配置文件中指定kube-apiserver地址,如果未指定--api-servers选项,则必须指定--require-kubeconfig选项后才从配置文件中读取 kube-apiserver 的地址,否则 kubelet 启动后将找不到 kube-apiserver (日志中提示未找到 API Server),kubectl get nodes不会返回对应的 Node 信息; --cluster-dns指定 kubedns 的 Service IP(可以先分配,后续创建 kubedns 服务时指定该 IP),--cluster-domain指定域名后缀,这两个参数同时指定后才会生效;
完整 unit 见 kubelet.service
启动kublet
$ systemctl daemon-reload $ systemctl enable kubelet $ systemctl start kubelet $ systemctl status kubelet
通过 kublet 的 TLS 证书请求
kubelet 首次启动时向 kube-apiserver 发送证书签名请求,必须通过后 kubernetes 系统才会将该 Node 加入到集群。
查看未授权的 CSR 请求
$ kubectl get csr NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION csr-2b308 4m kubelet-bootstrap Pending $ kubectl get nodes No resources found.
通过 CSR 请求
$ kubectl certificate approve csr-2b308 certificatesigningrequest "csr-2b308" approved $ kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS AGE VERSION 10.64.3.7 Ready 49m v1.6.1
自动生成了 kubelet kubeconfig 文件和公私钥
$ ls -l /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig -rw------- 1 root root 2284 Apr 7 02:07 /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig $ ls -l /etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1046 Apr 7 02:07 /etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet-client.crt -rw------- 1 root root 227 Apr 7 02:04 /etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet-client.key -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1103 Apr 7 02:07 /etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet.crt -rw------- 1 root root 1675 Apr 7 02:07 /etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet.key
配置 kube-proxy
创建 kube-proxy 的service配置文件
文件路径/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service。
[Unit] Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes After=network.target [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/proxy ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-proxy \ $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \ $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \ $KUBE_MASTER \ $KUBE_PROXY_ARGS Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
kube-proxy配置文件/etc/kubernetes/proxy。
### # kubernetes proxy config # default config should be adequate # Add your own! KUBE_PROXY_ARGS="--bind-address=172.20.0.113 --hostname-override=172.20.0.113 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig --cluster-cidr=10.254.0.0/16"
--hostname-override参数值必须与 kubelet 的值一致,否则 kube-proxy 启动后会找不到该 Node,从而不会创建任何 iptables 规则;- kube-proxy 根据
--cluster-cidr判断集群内部和外部流量,指定--cluster-cidr或--masquerade-all选项后 kube-proxy 才会对访问 Service IP 的请求做 SNAT; --kubeconfig指定的配置文件嵌入了 kube-apiserver 的地址、用户名、证书、秘钥等请求和认证信息;- 预定义的 RoleBinding
cluster-admin将Usersystem:kube-proxy与 Rolesystem:node-proxier绑定,该 Role 授予了调用kube-apiserverProxy 相关 API 的权限;
完整 unit 见 kube-proxy.service
启动 kube-proxy
$ systemctl daemon-reload $ systemctl enable kube-proxy $ systemctl start kube-proxy $ systemctl status kube-proxy
验证测试
我们创建一个niginx的service试一下集群是否可用。
$ kubectl run nginx --replicas=2 --labels="run=load-balancer-example" --image=sz-pg-oam-docker-hub-001.tendcloud.com/library/nginx:1.9 --port=80
deployment "nginx" created
$ kubectl expose deployment nginx --type=NodePort --name=example-service
service "example-service" exposed
$ kubectl describe svc example-service
Name: example-service
Namespace: default
Labels: run=load-balancer-example
Annotations: <none>
Selector: run=load-balancer-example
Type: NodePort
IP: 10.254.62.207
Port: <unset> 80/TCP
NodePort: <unset> 32724/TCP
Endpoints: 172.30.60.2:80,172.30.94.2:80
Session Affinity: None
Events: <none>
$ curl "10.254.62.207:80"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
访问172.20.0.113:32724或172.20.0.114:32724或者172.20.0.115:32724都可以得到nginx的页面。
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