struts2——文件上传及采用UUID进行文件路径生成_如何通过uuid获取文件路径-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/wangheng_2017/article/details/71429431

本文详细介绍如何使用Struts2框架实现文件上传功能，包括配置web.xml和struts.xml文件，创建表单进行文件选择及上传，以及后端处理文件的具体步骤。

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在web项目中，文件的上传是被经常使用的功能，比如上传文件或者上传图像等等，因此，文件的上传学习也是一个必须要掌握的基本知识点，下面我使用struts2来演示文件的简单上传实现。
1.开发环境

myecplise10
jre7.0
sturts2.0

2.项目的源码
2.1web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <display-name></display-name> 
  <!--在配置struts2的时候过滤器的标签是一定要有的-->
   <filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>      org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
    </filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

2.2 struts.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd">
<struts>
    <package name="upload" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
    <action name="upload_*" class="com.wh.upload.FileUploadAction" method="{1}">
    <!-- 配置拦截器 -->
    <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack">
    <!-- 最大接受文件字节数 -->
    <param name="fileUpload.maximumSize">1024*1024*2</param>
    <!-- 文件上传允许的类型 -->
    <param  name="fileUpload.allowedTypes">image/gif,image/jpeg
    </param>
    </interceptor-ref>
    <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
    <result name="input">/index.jsp</result>
    </action>
    </package>
</struts>

2.3 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
  </head>
  <body>
   <s:form action="upload_test1" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
   <s:file name="ppt" label="pptFile"></s:file>
   <s:textfield name="description" label="pptdesc"></s:textfield>
   <s:submit value="上传"></s:submit>
   </s:form>
  </body>
</html>

注意：在进行文件的上传的时候要对form表单进行一些修改
修改1：enctype=”multipart/form-data”
修改2：method=”post”
修改3：input标签的type=”file”

2.4 success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    <title>文件上传成功！</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    文件上传成功！！！<a href="index.jsp">返回</a>
  </body>
</html>

2.5 工具类（本文将对文件名进行UUID以及IO操作封装成方法了）

package com.wh.utils;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

public class UUID_Util {

    public static void getChildDirectoryAndIO(File file,String FileName){

        //获取文件名的哈希值
        int hashcode = FileName.hashCode();
        //将哈希值转换成字符串
        String code = Integer.toHexString(hashcode);
        //将文件打散，对于大文件来说可以提高文件的检索速度
        String ChildDirectory = code.charAt(0)+File.separator+code.charAt(1);
        ServletContext servletContext = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();
        String parent = servletContext.getRealPath("/WEB-INF/files/"+ChildDirectory);
        //对文件名采用UUID进行处理。防止文件的重名
        String child = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+"_"+FileName;

        File f = new File(parent);
        if(!f.exists()){
            f.mkdirs();
        }
        //获取缓冲区
        BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
        BufferedInputStream bis = null;
        FileInputStream fis = null;
        FileOutputStream fos = null;
        try {
             fis = new FileInputStream(file);
             fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(parent,child));
             bis = new BufferedInputStream(fis);
             bos = new BufferedOutputStream(fos);
             byte [] buffer = new byte[1024*2];
             int len = 0;
             try {
                while((len=fis.read(buffer))!=-1){
                     fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
                 }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            if(bis!=null){
                try {
                    bis.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(bos!=null){
                try {
                    bos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(fis!=null){
                try {
                    fis.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(fos!=null){
                try {
                    fos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

2.6 FileUploadAction.java

package com.wh.upload;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.wh.utils.UUID_Util;

public class FileUploadAction extends ActionSupport{
    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private File ppt;//file对应的文件对象
    private String pptContentType;//文件类型
    private String pptFileName;//文件名
    private String description;

    public String test1(){
        String str=null;
        System.out.println("ppt="+ppt);
        System.out.println("pptContentType="+pptContentType);
        System.out.println("pptFileName="+pptFileName);
        System.out.println("description="+description);
        UUID_Util.getChildDirectoryAndIO(ppt, pptFileName);
        str="success";
        return str;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }
    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }
    public File getPpt() {
        return ppt;
    }
    public void setPpt(File ppt) {
        this.ppt = ppt;
    }
    public String getPptContentType() {
        return pptContentType;
    }
    public void setPptContentType(String pptContentType) {
        this.pptContentType = pptContentType;
    }
    public String getPptFileName() {
        return pptFileName;
    }
    public void setPptFileName(String pptFileName) {
        this.pptFileName = pptFileName;
    }
}

控制台打印
ppt=F:\Tomcat 6.0\work\Catalina\localhost\struts2_upload\upload__3e8e5778_15be7c2e1ad__8000_00000006.tmp
pptContentType=image/gif
pptFileName=gif53_029.gif
description=上传啦！