文章目录
版本选择(2019-07-25)
- Maven 3.6.1
- tomcat 9.0.22
- jdk 1.8.0_221
- IDEA 2018.3.5
- Oracle 11.2.0.1.0
使用IDEA搭建ssm
1.打开工程,把红框处设置好就行了
2.然后就是各种下一步
3.创建好后,就进到项目了,点击箭头,让maven自动导入并下载,然后就是等待下载结束吧
4.下载结束后,我们看看目录结构
1)结构目录如下图所示
2) 我们接下来自己创建一些目录,在ssm_min_demo下创建target,其自动会变成Excluded文件夹,如果没变就手动变,方法和java变sources root一样;然后在main目录下创建java
然后在java目录下,创建com包,在com包下,创建controller,dao,service,pojo四个包,有时候会遇到包重叠的情况,如图,我们可以勾选进行解除空包重叠
然后重新创建一下,如图所示
最后创建完成后的效果图如下所示,自行根据图示创建:
配置文件
pom.xml
当项目的Maven加载完成后,初始状态是下面这样的,这里主要给大家参考一下,下面我会增加一些配置,并做详细配置讲解
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm_min_demo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>ssm_min_demo Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssm_min_demo</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
下面是增加后的配置pom.xml
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<!--model版本-->
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<!--组id标识-->
<groupId>com</groupId>
<!--项目id-->
<artifactId>ssm_min_demo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<!--项目名称-->
<name>ssm_min_demo Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<!--properties标签里面放的Maven用的依赖标签版本,方便dependencies里面调用-->
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
<!--spring版本号-->
<spring.version>4.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!--mybatis版本号-->
<mybatis.version>3.4.0</mybatis.version>
<mybatis-spring.version>1.3.0</mybatis-spring.version>
<!--log4j日志文件管理包版本-->
<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<fastjson.version>1.1.41</fastjson.version>
<!--jackson版本号-->
<jackson.version>2.7.1</jackson.version>
<!--dbcp配置包-->
<commons-dbcp.version>1.2.2</commons-dbcp.version>
<!--JSTL标签类-->
<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
</properties>
<!--具体依赖引用-->
<dependencies>
<!--dependency是元素说明-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--=================================spring相关包============================================-->
<!--spring核心包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring web包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring oxm包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring tx包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring jdbc包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring webmvc包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring aop包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring context支持包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring测试包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--=================================mybatis相关包============================================-->
<!--mybatis核心包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis-spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Oracle驱动包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
<artifactId>ojdbc</artifactId>
<version>6</version>
</dependency>
<!--dbcp,用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>${commons-dbcp.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL标签类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 格式化对象,方便输出日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>${fastjson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 映入JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssm_min_demo</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描该包,使用SpringMVC认为包下用了@Controller注解的类是控制器,避免扫描@Service导致事务不能使用 -->
<context:component-scan base-package = "com">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!--避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
<bean id = "mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
class = "org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name = "supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 启动SpringMVC的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver">
<property name="order" value="1"/>
<property name="defaultViews">
<list>
<!-- JSON View -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJackson2JsonView">
</bean>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ,视图模式配置-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 自动给后面action的方法return的字符串加上前缀和后缀,变成一个 可用的url地址 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/page/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 添加后可以显示welcome-file界面 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 启动注解 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
</beans>
spring-mybatis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 引入数据库配置文件 -->
<bean id = "propertyConfigurer"
class = "org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name = "location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
</bean>
<!-- 连接池 -->
<bean id = "dataSource" class = "org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method = "close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.initialSize}" />
<!-- 连接池最大数量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.maxActive}"/>
<!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="${jdbc.maxIdle}" />
<!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.minIdle}" />
<!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="${jdbc.maxWait}" />
</bean>
<!-- 结合Spring和Mybatis -->
<bean id = "sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
<property name = "mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml" />
</bean>
<!-- DAO接口所在包名,Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
<bean class = "org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name = "basePackage" value="com.dao" />
<property name = "sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value = "sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务 -->
<bean id = "transactionManager"
class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- 使用注解定义事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager = "transactionManager" />
</beans>
web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<!--项目名称-->
<display-name>ssm_min_demo</display-name>
<!-- Spring和Mybatis的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 编码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Spring监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 容器在启动时就加载这个servlet -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 设置默认首页 -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
配置文件完成后的初步测试
当按照上面的配置搞完后,初始化的界面如下
然后点击箭头那里,去配置tomcat,上面是我已经配置好的,点击Edit Configurations…
然后按照下面的进行配置,tomcat选择自己的配置路径
然后点击Deployment,进行相关配置
然后点击启动键,开始跑项目
我们看到tomcat日志乱码,这些我们放在乱码里面解决;可以看到,项目跑起来了;
maven配置及使用
首先,我们看下没有安装maven的时候,我们打开cmd的样子
然后我们从maven官网下载安装包,解压出来,然后配置环境变量
这样就配置完了,然后我们进入cmd在测试一下
可以看到这样就配置好了.
导入oracle包到项目
由于oralce没有给maven授权,所有在maven里面会报错
我们去我们的oracle安装目录中找到Oracle驱动
把这个lib包拷贝出来,怕权限问题,比如跟我一样,放到桌面
然后到idea的terminal里面去,输入命令
mvn install:install-file -DgroupId=com.oracle -DartifactId=ojdbc6 -Dversion=11.2.0.1.0 -Dpackaging=jar -Dfile=C:/Users/fucs/Desktop/Lib/ojdbc6.jar
可以看到导入成功了,然后我们重新加载jdbc;就成功了
IDEA中tomcat日志乱码
乱码问题主要像下面这样解决:
第一种尝试解决方法:
找到这两个文件,编辑
在尾部加上这句话
改完之后记得重启一下IDEA,然后测试一下,发现可以了
网上的其他解决办法,可能对其他乱码有帮助吧,记录借鉴下:
1.files–>settings–>file encodings进行设置
2.打开tomcat配置,进行设置
3.网上说的修改logging.properties里面的配置,我个人建议不要乱修改;
启动项目和测试
一切准备好了之后,我们试着打个war包,放到tomcat里面运行;毕竟以后是要部署的;
1.用idea打war包
打开file–>project structure…–>artifacts(人工产品);查看是否有ssmdemo2:war
没有的话就点击上面的+号导入进来;
2 点击build–>build artifacts
这样就弄好了war包,去路径下找找;
然后把war包放到tomcat下运行起来;
这样基本没问题了;
测试服务
我们在controller里搭建一个服务
package com.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class User {
@RequestMapping("/getUser")
@ResponseBody
public String getUser(){
return "我是测试的";
}
}
项目跑起来
服务没问题哈;然后我们试着操作下数据库,进行查询操作;
步骤如下:
1.首先建立controller
package com.controller;
import com.dao.UserDao;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class User {
@Autowired
private UserDao userdao;
@RequestMapping("/getUser")
@ResponseBody
public String getUser(){
String rq=userdao.getUser();
return rq;
}
}
然后是dao层
package com.dao;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
public interface UserDao {
public String getUser();
}
然后是xml层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--对应dao接口 -->
<mapper namespace="com.dao.UserDao">
<!-- id方法名,parameterType参数类型,resultType返回值类型 -->
<select id="getUser" resultType="String">
select * from TEST t
</select>
</mapper>
这里由于是测试,所以我抛弃了service和serviceImpl层;
然后打开网页测试起来:
测试没问题;
总结和挖坑记录
这篇文章的坑主要在于后期测试,前期搭建基本没问题;
1.在测试的时候,有些配置项是需要更改的,包括映射组,自动扫描等,这些是springmvc的基本要求;
2.在进行服务测试的时候,我用的是我重新搭建的一个ssm,如果你们用的是上面我搭建的ssm,可能需要对配置进行更改;但改的地方都是一些路径问题;我认为十分有必要自动动手更改一下,解决下遇到的问题,都不是什么大问题;
3.在db.properties时要设置自己的数据库,这里我贴个图,免得大家弄错了
4.大家遇到问题了,要学会查看tomcat日志,然后结合对应问题google下,小问题都可以解决,也锻炼了自己的能力;