Spring Boot、
JavaFX和
MySQL结合JDK 17开发富客户端应用，可先了解各部分的作用。
JavaFX用于构建富客户端应用程序，提供丰富界面组件和图形渲染能力；Spring Boot简化Spring应用搭建和开发；
MySQL则作为数据库存储数据。
###
项目搭建
首先创建一个Spring Boot
项目，可以使用Spring Initializr（https://start.spring.io/ ），在依赖中添加Spring Web、Spring Data JPA，同时添加
MySQL驱动依赖。
项目的Maven配置文件`pom.xml`需包含必要依赖，示例如下：
```xml
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring Boot Web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring Data JPA -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--
MySQL Driver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>
mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>
mysql-connector-
java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--
JavaFX -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openj
fx</groupId>
<artifactId>
javafx-controls</artifactId>
<version>17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openj
fx</groupId>
<artifactId>
javafx-
fxml</artifactId>
<version>17</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
```
### 数据库配置
在`src/main/resources`目录下的`application.properties`文件中配置
MySQL数据库连接信息：
```properties
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:
mysql://localhost:3306/testdb
spring.datasource.username=username
spring.datasource.password=password
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.
mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
```
### 实体类和数据访问层
创建实体类，例如`User`类：
```
java
import
javax.persistence.Entity;
import
javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import
javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import
javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
private String name;
// Getters and Setters
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
```
创建数据访问接口`UserRepository`：
```
java
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
}
```
###
JavaFX视图和控制器
创建
JavaFX的
FXML文件`sample.
fxml`：
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import
javafx.scene.control.Button?>
<?import
javafx.scene.control.Label?>
<?import
javafx.scene.layout.VBox?>
<VBox xmlns:
fx="http://
javafx.com/
fxml"
fx:controller="com.example.demo.SampleController">
<Label text="Hello,
JavaFX + Spring Boot
+ MySQL!"/>
<Button text="Load Users" onAction="#loadUsers"/>
</VBox>
```
创建对应的控制器`SampleController`：
```
java
import
javafx.
fxml.
FXML;
import
javafx.scene.control.Label;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import
java.util.List;
@Component
public class SampleController {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@
FXML
private Label resultLabel;
@
FXML
public void loadUsers() {
List<User> users = userRepository.findAll();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (User user : users) {
sb.append("ID: ").append(user.getId()).append(", Name: ").append(user.getName()).append("\n");
}
resultLabel.setText(sb.toString());
}
}
```
### 启动类和
JavaFX集成
创建Spring Boot启动类`DemoApplication`：
```
java
import
javafx.application.Application;
import
javafx.
fxml.
FXMLLoader;
import
javafx.scene.Scene;
import
javafx.stage.Stage;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.
SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import
java.io.IOException;
@
SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication extends Application implements CommandLineRunner {
private ConfigurableApplicationContext springContext;
private
FXMLLoader
fxmlLoader;
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
@Override
public void init() {
springContext = org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class);
fxmlLoader = new
FXMLLoader();
fxmlLoader.setControllerFactory(springContext::getBean);
}
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws IOException {
fxmlLoader.setLocation(getClass().getResource("/sample.
fxml"));
Scene scene = new Scene(
fxmlLoader.load());
primaryStage.setScene(scene);
primaryStage.show();
}
@Override
public void stop() {
springContext.close();
}
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
// 这里可以进行一些初始化操作
}
}
```
### 示例代码（使用
MySQL数据库查询）
```
java
import
java.sql.*;
public class JdbcExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String url = "jdbc:
mysql://localhost:3306/testdb";
String user = "username";
String password = "password";
try {
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM users");
while (rs.next()) {
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
System.out.println("ID: "
+ id
+ ", Name: "
+ name);
}
rs.close();
stmt.close();
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
```
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