Problem A: 驾驶员与汽车

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本文介绍了一个模拟程序，通过不同类型的驾照判断司机是否能驾驶特定类型的车辆。程序使用C++实现，涉及类继承与多态等面向对象编程概念。

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Problem A: 驾驶员与汽车

Time Limit: 1 Sec Memory Limit: 128 MB
Submit: 2277 Solved: 939
[ Submit][ Status][ Web Board]

Description

我们知道，目前我国的驾照大致可分为A、B、C三种，其中C证只能开小型客车（货车），B证可开中、小型客车（货车），A证没有限制。现在请定义如下几个类：

1. Automobile：抽象类，具有数据成员double speed，纯虚函数virtual void run() const = 0。

2. 六种车型，即小型车Benz、Buick；中型车Zhongba、Beiqi；以及大型车Dayu、Jianghuai。它们都是Automobile的子类。

3. Driver类，具有string name和char type两个数据成员，前者是司机的名字，后者是司机持有的驾照类型（A、B或C）。提供Drive(Automobile *)方法，根据驾照类型判定该司机是否可以驾驶指定的汽车。

Input

输入分多行。第一行是一个整数M>0，表示之后有M个测试用例。

每个测试用例包括四部分：司机姓名（不含空白符）、驾照类型（A、B或C）、车型（分别用字母a~f表示六种车型，对应的车型可以从main()中看出）以及该车的行驶速度（double类型范围内的正数）。

Output

输出共M行，每个测试用例对应一行输入，具体格式参见样例。

Sample Input

4zhangsan C a 100.33lisi C d 100.33wangwu B f 100.33Tom A e 300.00

Sample Output

Driver zhangsan can drive Benz at speed of 100.33km/h.A Benz is erased!An automobile is erased!Driver lisi cannot drive bus.A Beiqi is erased!An automobile is erased!Driver wangwu cannot drive large bus.A Jianghuai is erased!An automobile is erased!Driver Tom can drive Dayu at speed of 300.00km/h.A Dayu is erased!An automobile is erased!

HINT

1.使用typeid来判定一个基类指针实际指向的对象的类型。

2.注意：append.cc中已经给出了Driver类的一个方法，不要在Driver类重复定义了。

#include<iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cctype>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<sstream>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;

class Automobile
{
public:
    double speed;
    Automobile(double speed=0):speed(speed){}
    virtual void run()const = 0;
    virtual ~Automobile(){cout<<"An automobile is erased!"<<endl;}
};
class Benz:public Automobile
{
public:
    double speed;
    Benz(double speed=0):speed(speed){}
    void run()const{cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<"Benz at speed of "<<setprecision(2)<<speed<<"km/h."<<endl;}
    virtual ~Benz(){cout<<"A Benz is erased!"<<endl;}

};
class Buick:public Automobile
{
public:
    double speed;
    Buick(double speed=0):speed(speed){}
    void run()const{cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<"Buick at speed of "<<setprecision(2)<<speed<<"km/h."<<endl;}
    virtual ~Buick(){cout<<"A Buick is erased!"<<endl;}
};
class Zhongba:public Automobile
{
public:
    double speed;
    Zhongba(double speed=0):speed(speed){}
    void run()const{cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<"Zhongba at speed of "<<setprecision(2)<<speed<<"km/h."<<endl;}
    virtual ~Zhongba(){cout<<"A Zhongba is erased!"<<endl;}
};
class Beiqi:public Automobile
{
public:
    double speed;
    Beiqi(double speed=0):speed(speed){}
    void run()const{cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<"Beiqi at speed of "<<setprecision(2)<<speed<<"km/h."<<endl;}
    virtual ~Beiqi(){cout<<"A Beiqi is erased!"<<endl;}
};
class Dayu:public Automobile
{
public:
    double speed;
    Dayu(double speed=0):speed(speed){}
    void run()const{cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<"Dayu at speed of "<<setprecision(2)<<speed<<"km/h."<<endl;}
    virtual ~Dayu(){cout<<"A Dayu is erased!"<<endl;}
};
class Jianghuai:public Automobile
{
public:
    double speed;
    Jianghuai(double speed=0):speed(speed){}
    void run()const{cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<"Jianghuai at speed of "<<setprecision(2)<<speed<<"km/h."<<endl;}
    virtual ~Jianghuai(){cout<<"A Jianghuai is erased!"<<endl;}
};
class Driver
{
public:
    string name;
    char type;
    void Drive(Automobile *);
    Driver(string name,char type):name(name),type(type){}
    ~Driver(){}
};

void Driver::Drive(Automobile *automobile)
{
    switch (type)
    {
    case 'A':
        cout<<"Driver "<<name<<" can drive ";
        automobile->run();
        break;
    case 'B':
        if (typeid(*automobile) == typeid(Dayu) || typeid(*automobile) == typeid(Jianghuai))
            cout<<"Driver "<<name<<" cannot drive large bus."<<endl;
        else
        {
            cout<<"Driver "<<name<<" can drive ";
            automobile->run();
        }
        break;
    case 'C':
        if (typeid(*automobile) != typeid(Benz) && typeid(*automobile) != typeid(Buick))
            cout<<"Driver "<<name<<" cannot drive bus."<<endl;
        else
        {
            cout<<"Driver "<<name<<" can drive ";
            automobile->run();
        }
        break;
    }
}
int main()
{
    string name;
    char type;
    double speed;
    char automobileType;
    int cases;
    Automobile *automobile;


    cin>>cases;
    for (int i = 0; i < cases; i++)
    {
        cin>>name>>type>>automobileType>>speed;
        Driver driver(name, type);
        switch (automobileType)
        {
        case 'a':
            automobile = new Benz(speed);
            break;
        case 'b':
            automobile = new Buick(speed);
            break;
        case 'c':
            automobile = new Zhongba(speed);
            break;
        case 'd':
            automobile = new Beiqi(speed);
            break;
        case 'e':
            automobile = new Dayu(speed);
            break;
        case 'f':
            automobile = new Jianghuai(speed);
            break;
        }
        driver.Drive(automobile);
        delete automobile;
    }
    return 0;
}