Nginx安装及配置【 Linux (centos)】

1. 安装编译工具及库文件

# 管理员方式 运行下面的指令。没有安装yum的自己想办法安装一下就行
sudo yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel

2. 安装 PCRE

# 进入/usr/local/src目录
cd /usr/local/src
# 手动下载PCRE的看这里：https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/
# 选择安装一个合适的版本，目前最新的是8.45
sudo wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.45/pcre-8.45.tar.gz

# 解压，没有权限的话，就sudo
tar zxvf pcre-8.45.tar.gz
# 进入PCRE目录
cd pcre-8.45
# 编译
sudo ./configure
sudo make && sudo make install
# 查看PCRE版本
sudo pcre-config --version
# 控制台输出下面的信息，说明PCRE安装及配置成功
8.45

4. 安装 Nginx
   下载地址：https://nginx.org/en/download.html

# 下载地址：https://nginx.org/en/download.html
# 如果下载不成功，就手动下载压缩包，然后上传到指定目录
cd /usr/local/src/
wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz
# 解压
sudo tar zxvf nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz
# 编译&安装
cd nginx-1.20.1
sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.45
sudo make
sudo make install
# 查看nginx版本
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -v
# 如果出现下面的信息，说明nginx编译安装成功
nginx version: nginx/1.20.1

5. Nginx 配置

# 创建nginx运行使用的用户信息：www   比如名字就叫www
cd /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf
sudo /usr/sbin/groupadd www 
sudo /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
# 查看一下nginx.conf
cat nginx.conf
# ...出现文件内容

原始 nginx.conf 文件内容：

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

按照教程，这一步会让大家替换 nginx.conf 配置文件 ，将/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容。
大家根据个人实际情况更改配置文件即可。

不知道cpu核心线程数的，看这里，执行下面这条指令：

grep ‘core id’ /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u | wc -l

user www www;
worker_processes 2; #设置值和CPU核心数一致
error_log /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; #日志位置和日志级别
pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 65535;
}
http
{
  include mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  log_format main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
               '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
               '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
  
#charset gb2312;
     
  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  client_max_body_size 8m;
     
  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush on;
  keepalive_timeout 60;
  tcp_nodelay on;
  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
  gzip on; 
  gzip_min_length 1k;
  gzip_buffers 4 16k;
  gzip_http_version 1.0;
  gzip_comp_level 2;
  gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  gzip_vary on;
 
  #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
 #下面是server虚拟主机的配置
 server
  {
    listen 80;#监听端口
    server_name localhost;#域名
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /usr/local/webserver/nginx/html;#站点目录
      location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
      #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fastcgi.conf;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$
    {
      expires 30d;
  # access_log off;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
      expires 15d;
   # access_log off;
    }
    access_log off;
  }

}

6. 启动 Nginx

# 启动nginx
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

# 如果修改了nginx.conf配置文件，记得reload一下配置文件，没有权限的话就sudo。
# reload指令是nginx服务启动的前提下才能执行成功
sudo /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
# 重启nginx服务
sudo /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s restart

# 查看启动结果
ps -ef | grep nginx
# 查看结果
root      1507     1  0 14:04 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
www       1524  1507  0 14:04 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www       1525  1507  0 14:04 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
appadmin  1931 15673  0 14:10 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

我配置的是https的server，通过访问地址也可以查看nginx服务的状态

7. Nginx 其他命令

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload            # 重新载入配置文件
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen            # 重启 Nginx
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop              # 停止 Nginx

CentOS 查看系统 CPU 个数、核心数、线程数

1、查看 CPU 物理个数

grep 'physical id' /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u | wc -l

2、查看 CPU 核心数量

grep 'core id' /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u | wc -l

3、查看 CPU 线程数

grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u | wc -l

4、查看 CPU 型号

dmidecode -s processor-version

5、查看 CPU 的详细信息：

cat /proc/cpuinfo