一、分析说明
为了写出更加完善的tomcat启动方面的脚本,用于代码上线自动化,特分析下tomcat的bin目录下的shutdown.sh脚本,学习标准的sh脚本的编写方法,从中吸取经验
二、脚本分析
#!/bin/sh # Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more # contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with # this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. # The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 # (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with # the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Stop script for the CATALINA Server # # $Id: shutdown.sh 1130937 2011-06-03 08:27:13Z markt $ # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # resolve links - $0 may be a softlink PRG="$0" while [ -h "$PRG" ] ; do ls=`ls -ld "$PRG"` link=`expr "$ls" : '.*-> \(.*\)$'` if expr "$link" : '/.*' > /dev/null; then PRG="$link" else PRG=`dirname "$PRG"`/"$link" fi done #上面循环语句的意思是保证文件路径不是一个连接,使用循环直至找到文件原地址 #遇到一时看不明白的shell,可以拆解后自己在linux反复运行验证,一点点拆解就会明白的 #link=`expr "$ls" : '.*-> \(.*\)$'` 模拟后: expr 'lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 3月 17 10:12 ./bbb.sh -> /root/shell/test.sh' : '.*-> \(.*\)$' #很明确的发现是用expr来提取/root/shell/test.sh的内容 #获取这个脚本的目录 PRGDIR=`dirname "$PRG"` EXECUTABLE=catalina.sh # Check that target executable exists if [ ! -x "$PRGDIR"/"$EXECUTABLE" ]; then echo "Cannot find $PRGDIR/$EXECUTABLE" #判断脚本catalina.sh是否存在并有可执行权限,没有执行权限就退出 echo "The file is absent or does not have execute permission" echo "This file is needed to run this program" exit 1 fi exec "$PRGDIR"/"$EXECUTABLE" stop "$@" #exec命令在执行时会把当前的shell process关闭,然后换到后面的命令继续执行。 #exec命令可以很好的进行脚本之间过渡,并且结束掉前一个脚本这样不会对后面执行的脚本造成干扰。 #exec 命令:常用来替代当前 shell 并重新启动一个 shell,换句话说,并没有启动子 shell。使用这一命令时任何现 #有环境都将会被清除。exec 在对文件描述符进行操作的时候,也只有在这时,exec 不会覆盖你当前的 shell 环境。
三、总结
解读完startup.sh脚本,就会发现shutdown.sh与startup.sh结构及其相同,tomcat的shutdown.sh主要目的找到catalina.sh脚本位置,将启动命令参数传递给catalina.sh执行。然而catalina.sh脚本中也涉及到判断系统环境和找到catalina.sh脚本原路径的相关代码,所以执行tomcat启动时,无需使用startup.sh脚本(下一篇分析的shutdown.sh也类似),直接./catalina.sh start|stop|restart 即可。
后一篇,作者将分析catalina.sh脚本执行原理,从而充分认识到tomcat的启动过程和需要注意细节,为tomcat的使用和排除提供知识储备,文中有误的地方,忘广大运维朋友们提出指正意见。