ubuntu/centos下的cobbler安装，并真正无人干预（仅需开机）安装操作系统，仅罗列命令，有问题留言

 cobbler服务器系统：ubuntu13.10/centos6.5(这个centos6.5就是从ubuntu13.10提供的服务安装的操作系统，骄傲一把^^)

ubuntu源(这是我们学院内部源头，外网不知是否可用，可以尝试用清华，网易的源，如果网络好，不改也没事)：

deb ftp://ftp.ss.pku.edu.cn/pub2/ubuntusaucy main restricted universe multiverse

deb ftp://ftp.ss.pku.edu.cn/pub2/ubuntusaucy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb ftp://ftp.ss.pku.edu.cn/pub2/ubuntusaucy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb ftp://ftp.ss.pku.edu.cn/pub2/ubuntusaucy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb ftp://ftp.ss.pku.edu.cn/pub2/ubuntusaucy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src ftp://ftp.ss.pku.edu.cn/pub2/ubuntusaucy main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src ftp://ftp.ss.pku.edu.cn/pub2/ubuntusaucy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src ftp://ftp.ss.pku.edu.cn/pub2/ubuntusaucy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src ftp://ftp.ss.pku.edu.cn/pub2/ubuntusaucy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src ftp://ftp.ss.pku.edu.cn/pub2/ubuntusaucy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

 

 前言：

1 解决ubuntu update出现文件Lock的问题

apt-get update

 

问题1 lock文件使用中

1)      rm/var/lib/apt/lists/* -vf

2)      或者isofvar/lib/apt/lists/lock …kill

问题2 key丢失

apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserverkeyserver.ubuntu.com 3B4FE6ACC0B21F32

2 默认你的网络接口是eth0 并且是静态地址，至于静态地址如何设置请查看下文dhcp配置（ubuntu/centos）篇

TFTP

 

1 安装

sudo  apt-get  install  tftpd  tftp xinetd

(centos需要yum –y install tftp*)

//tftp-hpa是客户端

//tftpd-hpa是服务器端

sudo vim /etc/default/tftpd-hpa

 

2.配置TFTP服务器

在/etc/xinetd.d/下新建一个配置文件tftp

service tftp

{
  

socket_type  =  dgram

protocol  =  udp

wait  =  yes

user  =  root

server  =  /usr/sbin/in.tftpd

server_args  =  -s   /home/tftpboot       /*这个是设置文件目录,

disable  =  no

per_source  =  11

cps  =  100 2

flags  =  IPv4

}

 

 

3.重新启动TFTP服务

sudo  /etc/init.d/xinetd  restart

(centos 需要service xinetd restart)

 

4测试

Tftp localhost

Tftp (127.0.0.1)

DHCP(debian系统)

配置静态地址和dns服务器

auto eth0

 iface eth0 inet static

   address 192.168.1.243

   netmask 255.255.255.0

   dns-nameservers 192.168.10.251 192.168.10.252

   gateway 192.168.1.1

# External Network

 autoeth1

 iface eth1 inet static

   address 10.0.0.11

   netmask 255.255.255.0

   dns-nameservers 192.168.10.251 192.168.10.252

gateway192.168.1.1

 

安装dhcp server

sudo apt-get install isc-dhcp-server

 

配置dhcp

edit /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server

interface="eth0"（或者eth1）

edit /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

subnet (network) netmask (netmask) {

 range(startAddr) (endAddr);

 option routers(routers);}

 

DHCP(redhat系统)

配置静态地址和dns服务器

vi/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

//修改

BOOTPROTO=’static’

//添加

IPADDR=192.168.153.X

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.153.0

vi/etc/sysconfig/network

//添加

GATEWAY=192.168.153.2

安装配置dhcp

yum –y install dhcp

//复制样本文件

cp -rf/usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

//修改:/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd

DHCPDARGS=eth0

//为dhcpd.conf设定子网

subnet (network) netmask (netmask) {

 range(startAddr) (endAddr);

 option routers(routers);}

重启dhcp servicedhcpdrestart

 

配置dnsmasq

 

 

sudo apt-get install dnsmasq

然后我们编辑dnsmasq的配置文件：

sudo vi /etc/dnsmasq.conf

找到这一行，修改为

resolv-file=/etc/resolv.dnsmasq.conf

确保我们的/etc/resolv.conf里的DNS信息正确，然后执行

sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.dnsmasq.conf

然后将/etc/resolv.conf里的DNS改为127.0.0.1

nameserver 127.0.0.1

 

 

cobbler安装

安装cobbler

(centos需要先安装源软件包

rpm-ivhhttp://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

yumclean all)

apt-getinstall cobbler cobbler-web(centos需要yum –y install cobbler)

vim  /etc/apache2/apache2.conf()(centos需要vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf)

添加ServerName 127.0.0.1

Service apache2restart(centos需要service httpd restart)

cobbler check

(centos需要安装pykickstart)

(yum–y install pykickstart)

 

cobblerget-loaders

 

cobblersync

 

servicecobbler restart(centos需要service cobblerdrestart)

vim /etc/cobbler/settings 

 

修改next_server(为dhcp服务器地址)和server地址(为cobbler服务器地址)一般二者一样都是你的本机Ip

修改 manage_dncp为1

修改

manage_dhcp: 1 （必须配的仅此一项,不然客户机无法通过网络安装操作系统）
manage_dns: 0
manage_tftpd: 0

修改/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template

仅需要修改以下内容

subnet 192.168.153.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

     optionrouters             192.168.153.2;

     optiondomain-name-servers 192.168.153.2;

     optionsubnet-mask         255.255.255.0;

     rangedynamic-bootp        192.168.153.1 192.168.153.101;

 

修改cobbler-web密码

 

htdigest/etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" cobbler
Changing password for user cobbler in realm Cobbler

 

 

挂载ISO文件

cd /mnt

mkdir centos6.5

mount –o loop  (iso路径，如果挂载到cd-rom则用/dev/cdrom)   /mnt/cenos6.5

 特别注意：cobbler仅支持ubuntu mini/ubuntu alternate/ubuntu server(貌似所有desktop的都不支持，这样也符合道理，服务器当然用不到desktop),对于centos亲测不支持163镜像里的mini版和后缀是LIVE-DVD1版的，亲测只支持http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/isos/x86_64/