Knights in FEN +uva+bfs

Problem D

Knights in FEN

Input: standard input

Output: standard output

Time Limit: 10 seconds

 

There are black and white knights on a 5 by 5 chessboard. There are twelve of each color, and there is one square that is empty. At any time, a knight can move into an empty square as long as it moves like a knight in normal chess (what else did you expect?).

Given an initial position of the board, the question is: what is the minimum number of moves in which we can reach the final position which is:

Input

First line of the input file contains an integer N (N<14) that indicates how many sets of inputs are there. The description of each set is given below:

Each set consists of five lines; each line represents one row of a chessboard. The positions occupied by white knights are marked by 0 and the positions occupied by black knights are marked by 1. The space corresponds to the empty square on board.

There is no blank line between the two sets of input.

The first set of the sample input below corresponds to this configuration:

Output

For each set your task is to find the minimum number of moves leading from the starting input configuration to the final one. If that number is bigger than 10, then output one line stating

Unsolvable in less than 11 move(s).

 

otherwise output one line stating

Solvable in n move(s).

where n <= 10.

The output for each set is produced in a single line as shown in the sample output.

Sample Input

2

01011

110 1

01110

01010

00100

10110

01 11

10111

01001

00000

Sample Output

Unsolvable in less than 11 move(s).

Solvable in 7 move(s).

解决方案：想到了bfs，可是不知道怎么标记搜过的点的状态，后面看了人家的代码才知，可用string和map。

代码：
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<queue>
#include<map>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
char matrix[6][6];
struct mat{
char m[30];
int step;
int space;
};
int dir[8][2]={{2,1},{-2,1},{1,2},{1,-2},{-1,2},{-1,-2},{-2,-1},{2,-1}};
char goal[30];
void swap(mat &temp,int st,int en){

   char s=temp.m[st];
   temp.m[st]=temp.m[en];
   temp.m[en]=s;
   temp.space=en;
}
void bfs(mat t){
     queue < mat > Q;
     map<string ,int > hash;
     Q.push(t);
     hash[t.m]=1;
     while(!Q.empty()){
     mat temp=Q.front();

     mat cur=temp;
    // cout<<"sd";

     if(strcmp(temp.m,goal)==0||temp.step>10)
     {

         if(temp.step>10){
         printf("Unsolvable in less than 11 move(s).\n");
         }
         else {
         printf("Solvable in %d move(s).\n",temp.step);
         }
         return ;

     }
     Q.pop();
     int x=temp.space%5;
     int y=temp.space/5;
     for(int i=0;i<8;i++){
     temp=cur;
     int xx=x+dir[i][0];
     int yy=y+dir[i][1];
     if(xx<0||xx>4||yy<0||yy>4) continue;
     int en=yy*5+xx;
    //  cout<<en<<endl;
     swap(temp.m[temp.space],temp.m[en]);

    // cout<<hash[re.m]<<endl;
     if(hash[temp.m]!=1){
      //   cout<<re.m<<endl;
         //getchar();
     hash[temp.m]=1;
     temp.space=en;
     temp.step++;
     Q.push(temp);
     }
     }
     }


}
int main(){
    int t;
    scanf("%d",&t);
    getchar();///之前这个位置放到了循环里面的，查了几小时，郁闷。。。。。
    while(t--){

    for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
    gets(matrix[i]);
    }
    mat temp;
    for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
    for(int j=0;j<5;j++){
    temp.m[i*5+j]=matrix[i][j];
    if(matrix[i][j]==' ')
    temp.space=i*5+j;
    }
    temp.m[25]='\0';
    temp.step=0;
    //char goal[30]="111110111100 110000100000";
    strcpy(goal,"111110111100 110000100000");
    //cout<<goal<<endl;
    bfs(temp);
  //cout<<temp.space<<endl;
    //cout<<temp.m<<endl;

    }
    return 0;
}