postgre备份和还原

由于公司需要将一个数据库的表数据转移到另一个数据库，所以也跟着学习了一下postgre的备份和还原

备份数据库表

pg_dump -a -F t -f <文件> -t <表> <数据库>

还原数据库表

pg_restore -d <数据库> -t <表> -v <文件>

以下是pg_dump和pg_restore的命令参数详解

备份

pg_dump dumps a database as a text file or to other formats.


Usage:
  pg_dump [OPTION]... [DBNAME]


General options:
  -f, --file=FILENAME         output file or directory name
  -F, --format=c|d|t|p        output file format (custom, directory, tar, plain text)
  -v, --verbose               verbose mode
  -Z, --compress=0-9          compression level for compressed formats
  --lock-wait-timeout=TIMEOUT fail after waiting TIMEOUT for a table lock
  --help                      show this help, then exit
  --version                   output version information, then exit


Options controlling the output content:
  -a, --data-only             dump only the data, not the schema
  -b, --blobs                 include large objects in dump
  -c, --clean                 clean (drop) database objects before recreating
  -C, --create                include commands to create database in dump
  -E, --encoding=ENCODING     dump the data in encoding ENCODING
  -n, --schema=SCHEMA         dump the named schema(s) only
  -N, --exclude-schema=SCHEMA do NOT dump the named schema(s)
  -o, --oids                  include OIDs in dump
  -O, --no-owner              skip restoration of object ownership in
                              plain-text format
  -s, --schema-only           dump only the schema, no data
  -S, --superuser=NAME        superuser user name to use in plain-text format
  -t, --table=TABLE           dump the named table(s) only
  -T, --exclude-table=TABLE   do NOT dump the named table(s)
  -x, --no-privileges         do not dump privileges (grant/revoke)
  --binary-upgrade            for use by upgrade utilities only
  --column-inserts            dump data as INSERT commands with column names
  --disable-dollar-quoting    disable dollar quoting, use SQL standard quoting
  --disable-triggers          disable triggers during data-only restore
  --inserts                   dump data as INSERT commands, rather than COPY
  --no-security-labels        do not dump security label assignments
  --no-tablespaces            do not dump tablespace assignments
  --no-unlogged-table-data    do not dump unlogged table data
  --quote-all-identifiers     quote all identifiers, even if not key words
  --serializable-deferrable   wait until the dump can run without anomalies
  --use-set-session-authorization
                              use SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION commands instead of
                              ALTER OWNER commands to set ownership


Connection options:
  -h, --host=HOSTNAME      database server host or socket directory
  -p, --port=PORT          database server port number
  -U, --username=NAME      connect as specified database user
  -w, --no-password        never prompt for password
  -W, --password           force password prompt (should happen automatically)
  --role=ROLENAME          do SET ROLE before dump


If no database name is supplied, then the PGDATABASE environment
variable value is used.

还原

pg_restore restores a PostgreSQL database from an archive created by pg_dump.


Usage:
  pg_restore [OPTION]... [FILE]


General options:
  -d, --dbname=NAME        connect to database name
  -f, --file=FILENAME      output file name
  -F, --format=c|d|t       backup file format (should be automatic)
  -l, --list               print summarized TOC of the archive
  -v, --verbose            verbose mode
  --help                   show this help, then exit
  --version                output version information, then exit


Options controlling the restore:
  -a, --data-only          restore only the data, no schema
  -c, --clean              clean (drop) database objects before recreating
  -C, --create             create the target database
  -e, --exit-on-error      exit on error, default is to continue
  -I, --index=NAME         restore named index
  -j, --jobs=NUM           use this many parallel jobs to restore
  -L, --use-list=FILENAME  use table of contents from this file for
                           selecting/ordering output
  -n, --schema=NAME        restore only objects in this schema
  -O, --no-owner           skip restoration of object ownership
  -P, --function=NAME(args)
                           restore named function
  -s, --schema-only        restore only the schema, no data
  -S, --superuser=NAME     superuser user name to use for disabling triggers
  -t, --table=NAME         restore named table
  -T, --trigger=NAME       restore named trigger
  -x, --no-privileges      skip restoration of access privileges (grant/revoke)
  -1, --single-transaction
                           restore as a single transaction
  --disable-triggers       disable triggers during data-only restore
  --no-data-for-failed-tables
                           do not restore data of tables that could not be
                           created
  --no-security-labels     do not restore security labels
  --no-tablespaces         do not restore tablespace assignments
  --use-set-session-authorization
                           use SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION commands instead of
                           ALTER OWNER commands to set ownership


Connection options:
  -h, --host=HOSTNAME      database server host or socket directory
  -p, --port=PORT          database server port number
  -U, --username=NAME      connect as specified database user
  -w, --no-password        never prompt for password
  -W, --password           force password prompt (should happen automatically)
  --role=ROLENAME          do SET ROLE before restore


If no input file name is supplied, then standard input is used.