使用通配符(*)配置默认Action的另一种方法。在配置的最后使用通配法Action能够捕捉没有匹配的action请求。配置如下:
<action name="*">
<result>/{1}.jsp</result>
</action>
由于“*”可以匹配所有的action,因此,通配符默认Action配置必须放置在配置文件的最后。
在上表面的代码段中,在result的配置中还有一个占位符{1},它将被通配符的结果所替换,即如果“*”匹配了hello,则{1}用hello来替换。
以struts的验证框架为例说明如下:
1)视图文件
1、index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>
Employee From
</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="login" method="post">
<s:textfield name = "name" label ="Name" size="20"/>
<s:textfield name="age" label="Age" size="20"/>
<s:submit name="submit" label="Submit" align="center"/>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
2、login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Success</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Login</h1>
Employee information is captured successfully!!!
</body>
</html>
2)Action类
Employee.java
package test.verify.struts2;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class Employee extends ActionSupport {
private String name;
private int age;
public String execute() {
return SUCCESS;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name){
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge(){
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public void validate() {
if (name == null || name.trim().equals("")) {
addFieldError("name", "The name is required");
}
if (age < 28 || age > 65) {
addFieldError("age", "Age must be in between 28 and 65");
}
}
}
3)配置文件
1、struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name ="struts.devMode" value="true"/>
<package name ="helloworld" extends="struts-default">
<action name="*"
class="test.verify.struts2.Employee"
method="execute">
<result name="input">/index.jsp</result>
<result name="success">/{1}.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
该配置文件下name="*"
,<result name="success">/{1}.jsp</result>
2、web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>Struts 2</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher
</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
4)功能测试
两个文本框,分别输入:
case1: Name为空, Age 为 3 。文本框上出现提示文字
case2:Name为struts,Age为30