AFNetworking是一个讨人喜欢的网络库,适用于iOS以及Mac OS X. 它构建于在NSURLConnection, NSOperation, 以及其他熟悉的Foundation技术之上. 它拥有良好的架构,丰富的api,以及模块化构建方式,使得使用起来非常轻松.例如,他可以使用很轻松的方式从一个url来得到json数据:
1 NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://api.twitter.com/1/statuses/public_timeline.json"];2 NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];3 AFJSONRequestOperation *operation = [AFJSONRequestOperation JSONRequestOperationWithRequest:request success:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, id JSON) {4 NSLog(@"Public Timeline: %@", JSON);5 } failure:nil];6 [operation start];
如何开始使用
- 下载 AFNetworking 然后尝试使用里面的例子
- 阅读 “Getting Started” guide, FAQ, 或者 other articles in the wiki
- 查看 完整的文档
- 查看 NSScreencast episode about AFNetworking 来得到一个快速的参考,以快速的应用到你的app中
- 有问题? Stack Overflow 是最好的地方来找到答案
综述
CORE:
AFURLConnectionOperation:一个 NSOperation 实现了NSURLConnection 的代理方法.
HTTP Requests:
AFHTTPRequestOperation:AFURLConnectionOperation的子类,当request使用的协议为HTTP和HTTPS时,它压缩了用于决定request是否成功的状态码和内容类型.
AFJSONRequestOperation:AFHTTPRequestOperation的一个子类,用于下载和处理jason response数据.
AFXMLRequestOperation:AFHTTPRequestOperation的一个子类,用于下载和处理xml response数据.
AFPropertyListRequestOperation:AFHTTPRequestOperation的一个子类,用于下载和处理property list response数据.
HTTP CLIENT:
AFHTTPClient:捕获一个基于http协议的网络应用程序的公共交流模式.包含:
- 使用基本的url相关路径来只做request
- 为request自动添加设置http headers.
- 使用http 基础证书或者OAuth来验证request
- 为由client制作的requests管理一个NSOperationQueue
- 从NSDictionary生成一个查询字符串或http bodies.
- 从request中构建多部件
- 自动的解析http response数据为相应的表现数据
- 在网络可达性测试用监控和响应变化.
IMAGES
AFImageRequestOperation:一个AFHTTPRequestOperation的子类,用于下载和处理图片.
UIImageView+AFNetworking:添加一些方法到UIImageView中,为了从一个URL中异步加载远程图片
例子程序
XML REQUEST
1 NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://api.flickr.com/services/rest/?method=flickr.groups.browse&api_key=b6300e17ad3c506e706cb0072175d047&cat_id=34427469792%40N01&format=rest"]];2 AFXMLRequestOperation *operation = [AFXMLRequestOperation XMLParserRequestOperationWithRequest:request success:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSXMLParser *XMLParser) {3 XMLParser.delegate = self;
4 [XMLParser parse];5 } failure:nil];6 [operation start];
IMAGE REQUEST
1 UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0.0f, 0.0f, 100.0f, 100.0f)];2 [imageView setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://i.imgur.com/r4uwx.jpg"] placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"placeholder-avatar"]];
API CLIENT REQUEST
1 // AFGowallaAPIClient is a subclass of AFHTTPClient, which defines the base URL and default HTTP headers for NSURLRequests it creates
2 [[AFGowallaAPIClient sharedClient] getPath:@"/spots/9223" parameters:nil success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {3 NSLog(@"Name: %@", [responseObject valueForKeyPath:@"name"]);4 NSLog(@"Address: %@", [responseObject valueForKeyPath:@"address.street_address"]);5 } failure:nil];
FILE UPLOAD WITH PROGRESS CALLBACK
01 NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://api-base-url.com"];02 AFHTTPClient *httpClient = [[AFHTTPClient alloc] initWithBaseURL:url];03 NSData *imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation([UIImage imageNamed:@"avatar.jpg"], 0.5);04 NSMutableURLRequest *request = [httpClient multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" path:@"/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock: ^(id <AFMultipartFormData>formData) {05 [formData appendPartWithFileData:imageData name:@"avatar" fileName:@"avatar.jpg" mimeType:@"image/jpeg"];06 }];07 08 AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [[[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request] autorelease];09 [operation setUploadProgressBlock:^(NSInteger bytesWritten, long long totalBytesWritten, long long totalBytesExpectedToWrite) {10 NSLog(@"Sent %lld of %lld bytes", totalBytesWritten, totalBytesExpectedToWrite);11 }];12 [operation start];
STREAMING REQUEST
1 NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://localhost:8080/encode"]];2 3 AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [[[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request] autorelease];4 operation.inputStream = [NSInputStream inputStreamWithFileAtPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"large-image" ofType:@"tiff"]];5 operation.outputStream = [NSOutputStream outputStreamToMemory];6 [operation start];
转载自:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_719d537e01017x82.html
AFNetwork是一个轻量级的网络请求api类库。是以NSURLConnection, NSOperation和其他方法为基础的。
下面这个例子是用来处理json请求的:
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"https://alpha-api.app.net/stream/0/posts/stream/global"];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
AFJSONRequestOperation *operation = [AFJSONRequestOperation JSONRequestOperationWithRequest:request success:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, id JSON) {
NSLog(@"App.net Global Stream: %@", JSON);
} failure:nil];
[operation start];
使用方法:
1.下载AFNetwork, 点击下载
2.将文件夹名称为AFNetworking拖入到你的工程项目即可
常见问题:
1. AFNetworking作用都有哪些?
NSURLConnection提供了+sendAsynchronousRequest:queue:completionHandler:和+sendAsynchronousRequest:queue:completionHandler: ,但是AFNetworking提供了更好的功能
*AFURLConnectionOperation和它的子类继承NSOperation的,允许请求被取消,暂停/恢复和由NSOperationQueue进行管理。
*AFURLConnectionOperation也可以让你轻松得完成上传和下载,处理验证,监控上传和下载进度,控制的缓存。
*AFHTTPRequestOperation和它得子类可以基于http状态和 内容列下来区分是否成功请求了
*AFNetworking可以将远程媒体数据类型(NSData)转化为可用的格式,比如如JSON,XML,图像和plist。
*AFHTTPClient提供了一个方便的网络交互接口,包括默认头,身份验证,是否连接到网络,批量处理操作,查询字符串参数序列化,已经多种表单请求
*的UIImageView+ AFNetworking增加了一个方便的方法来异步加载图像。
2. AFNetworking是否支持缓存?
可以,NSURLCache及其子类提供了很多高级接口用于处理缓存
如果你想将缓存存储再磁盘,推荐使用SDURLCache
3.如何使用AFNetworking上传一个文件?
NSData *imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(image);
NSURLRequest *request = [client multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" path:@"/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock: ^(id <AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
[formData appendPartWithFileData:imageData mimeType:@"image/png" name:@"avatar"];
}];
4.如何使用AFNetworking下载一个文件?
先创建一个 AFURLConnectionOperation对象,然后再使用它的属性 outputStream进行处理
operation.outputStream = [NSOutputStream outputStreamToFileAtPath:@"download.zip" append:NO];
5.如何解决:SystemConfiguration framework not found in project
请导入:
#import <SystemConfiguration/SystemConfiguration.h>
#import <MobileCoreServices/MobileCoreServices.h>
6.当应用程序退出时,如何保持持续的请求?
AFURLConnectionOperation有一个叫 setShouldExecuteAsBackgroundTaskWithExpirationHandler:的方法用于处理在应用程序进入后台后,进行持续的请求
[self setShouldExecuteAsBackgroundTaskWithExpirationHandler:^{
}];
一些实例:
1.XML 请求
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://api.flickr.com/services/rest/?method=flickr.groups.browse&api_key=b6300e17ad3c506e706cb0072175d047&cat_id=34427469792%40N01&format=rest"]];
AFXMLRequestOperation *operation = [AFXMLRequestOperation XMLParserRequestOperationWithRequest:request success:^(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse *response, NSXMLParser *XMLParser) {
XMLParser.delegate = self;
[XMLParser parse];
} failure:nil];
[operation start];
2.图片请求:
UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0.0f, 0.0f, 100.0f, 100.0f)];
[imageView setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://i.imgur.com/r4uwx.jpg"] placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"placeholder-avatar"]];
3.图片上传处理,监测上传状态:
didiwei 17:28:57
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://api-base-url.com"];
AFHTTPClient *httpClient = [[AFHTTPClient alloc] initWithBaseURL:url];
NSData *imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation([UIImage imageNamed:@"avatar.jpg"], 0.5);
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [httpClient multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" path:@"/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock: ^(id <AFMultipartFormData>formData) {
[formData appendPartWithFileData:imageData name:@"avatar" fileName:@"avatar.jpg" mimeType:@"image/jpeg"];
}];
AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request];
[operation setUploadProgressBlock:^(NSUInteger bytesWritten, long long totalBytesWritten, long long totalBytesExpectedToWrite) {
NSLog(@"Sent %lld of %lld bytes", totalBytesWritten, totalBytesExpectedToWrite);
}];
[operation start];
4.在线流媒体请求
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://localhost:8080/encode"]];
AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request];
operation.inputStream = [NSInputStream inputStreamWithFileAtPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"large-image" ofType:@"tiff"]];
operation.outputStream = [NSOutputStream outputStreamToMemory];
[operation start];