这两天在学android的service,感觉老师上课没讲清楚,就下课自己补习下了。
本地服务的service,通过绑定实现。
其中主要涉及到Acitvity、Service、Binder和ServiceConnection这几个组件。
Acitivity就不用说了,就是要绑定service的程序;Service也就呵呵了。
Binder根据谷歌的翻译是“沾合剂”,感觉不是很形象,可以理解为在Service端的内部类,当Activity绑定这个Service后,可将这个内部Binder给提取出来,这样Activity就可以调用Service 的方法,让service一直工作了。
ServiceConnection就是Activity和Service之间的通道,通过这个通道来维持Activity和指定的Service进行绑定。
在我理解的本地服务绑定流程:
1.Activity通过BindService(Intent,ServiceConnection,int)请求道Intent 指定的service;
2.通过intent找到对应的Service,通过int的值来判断创建或打开Service的操作,比如Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE的意思就是如果没有创建Service,创建后打开,如果已存在,直接打开。
3.Service调用OnCreate()创建Service;
4.Service通过OnBind(Intent )进行绑定,返回在Service中的内部类Binder;
5.ServiceConnection创建连接,并把Service中的Binder赋值给Activity中的Binder;
6.Activity通过调用Binder 的方法来获得值。
本地服务解除绑定:
1.Activity调用unbindSerivce(ServiceConnection),提出分手请求;
2.Service调用onUnbind(Intent) 返回true;
3.Service嗲用onDestroy()方法结束Service。
感觉这样理解就清晰一些。
附上代码:
MainActivity.java
package com.example.bindservice;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
Button bind, unbind, getServiceStatus;
BindService.MyBinder binder;
private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "--Service DisConnected--",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "--Service Connected--",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
binder = (BindService.MyBinder) service;
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
bind = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
unbind = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);
getServiceStatus = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);
final Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("service.BIND_SERVICE");
bind.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
bindService(intent, conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
});
unbind.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
unbindService(conn);
}
});
getServiceStatus.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
"Service的count的值为:" + binder.getCount(), 4000).show();
}
});
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
}
BindService.java
package com.example.bindservice;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class BindService extends Service {
private int count;
private boolean quit;
private MyBinder binder = new MyBinder();
public class MyBinder extends Binder {
public int getCount() {
return count;
}
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Service is Binded",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return binder;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate();
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Service is Created",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
new Thread() {
public void run() {
while (!quit) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
count++;
}
};
}.start();
}
@Override
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Service is Unbinded",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return true;
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDestroy();
this.quit = true;
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Service is Destroyed",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.bindservice"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="18" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name="com.example.bindservice.MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service android:name=".BindService" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="service.BIND_SERVICE" />
</intent-filter>
</service>
</application>
</manifest>
activity_main.xml
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >
<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:text="绑定service" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/button1"
android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/button1"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button1"
android:text="解除绑定" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/button2"
android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/button2"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button2"
android:text="获取srevice状态" />
</RelativeLayout>
嗯,就是这样。