1 在本机 ~/.ssh(没有.ssh文件夹就自己mkdir一个) 文件夹下 生成自己的公钥 ssh-keygen -t rsa 三次回车后会有一个 id_rsa.pub 的文件
2 scp id_rsa.pub 远程服务器用户名@远程服务器地址:~/.ssh 复制这个文件到远程服务器用户的.ssh文件夹下
3 ssh 登陆远程服务器 cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub >> .ssh/authorized_keys
到这里 你回到本机 就已经可以通过 ssh 远程服务器用户名@远程服务器地址 来免密码登陆了
4 在本机 的 /etc/ssh/ssh_config 或 ~/.ssh/config 中加入
Host s1(远程服务器你要起的名字)
hostname server.domain.com(远程服务器域名或者ip)
user username(远程服务器用户名)
现在 ssh s1 就可以免密码登陆上去了
另外一种方法
使用下例中ssky-keygen和ssh-copy-id,仅需通过3个步骤的简单设置而无需输入密码就能登录远程Linux主机。
ssh-keygen 创建公钥和密钥。
ssh-copy-id 把本地主机的公钥复制到远程主机的authorized_keys文件上。
ssh-copy-id 也会给远程主机的用户主目录(home)和~/.ssh, 和~/.ssh/authorized_keys设置合适的权限 。
步骤1: 用 ssh-key-gen 在本地主机上创建公钥和密钥
ligh@local-host$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/jsmith/.ssh/id_rsa):[Enter key]
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [Press enter key]
Enter same passphrase again: [Pess enter key]
Your identification has been saved in /home/jsmith/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/jsmith/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is: 33:b3:fe:af:95:95:18:11:31:d5:de:96:2f:f2:35:f9
ligh@local-host
步骤2: 用 ssh-copy-id 把公钥复制到远程主机上
ligh@local-host$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.0.3
ligh@remote-host‘s password:
Now try logging into the machine, with ―ssh ?remote-host‘‖, and check in:
.ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven‘t added extra keys that you weren‘t expecting.
[注: ssh-copy-id 把密钥追加到远程主机的 .ssh/authorized_key 上.]
步骤3: 直接登录远程主机
ligh@local-host$ ssh remote-host
Last login: Sun Nov 16 17:22:33 2008 from 192.168.1.2
[注: SSH 不会询问密码.]
ligh@remote-host$
[注: 你现在已经登录到了远程主机上]