XSBase255B -- u-boot移植-优快云博客

本文详细介绍基于U-Boot 1.1.4版本在XSBase开发板上进行配置及移植的过程，包括编译环境搭建、板级支持包配置、内核加载方式设定等关键步骤。

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标题: 基于u-boot-1.1.4的xsbase的bootloader的配置（原创?发信站: 我爱南开站 (2006年05月02日17:03:09 星期二)

最近看了看u-boot的源代码，发现u-boot虽然能够支持好些cpu和板子，但是代码不是很
方便阅读，而且编译生成的u-boot.bin文件120k左右，比较大，但是研究它对于熟悉
bootloader还是很有帮助的。下面的文章是这几天的总结，如有不足之处希望bbsers们
能够指出来，共同交流。

u-boot-1.1.4中的/cpu/pxa/config.mk在编译的时候不支持-march=armv5 -
mtune=xscale -mabi=apcs-gnu
是交叉变异环境的版本不够新,使用arm-linux-gcc3.3.2可以解决这个问题，但是-
mabi=apcs-gnu仍然不支持，kill it!
1.cpu 中包含pxa
Config.mk的配置如下：

PLATFORM_RELFLAGS += - fno - strict - aliasing - fno - common - ffixed - r8 - msoft -

float

PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS += - march = armv5 - mtune = xscale

PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS += $(call cc - option, - mapcs - 32 )

PLATFORM_RELFLAGS += $(call cc - option, - mshort - load - bytes,$(call

cc - option, - malignment - traps,))

其它文件不作任何改动。
2.board中新建xsbase目录
由于xsbase板子与lubbock板相似，拷贝lubbock目录中的文件过来
Config.mk文件：TEXT_BASE = 0xa3f80000
Lowlevel_init.s最后加上:

/*Loading kernel image*/

ldr r4, = KERNEL_SRAM_BASE

ldr r5, = KERNEL_DRAM_BASE

ldr r6, = KERNEL_MAX_SIZE

add r6, r6, r4

repeat1:

ldmia r4 ! , {r0-r3, r7-r10}

stmia r5 ! , {r0-r3, r7-r10}

cmp r4, r6

blt repeat1

表示把内核从flash拷贝入sdram中。
Makefile:
OBJS := xsbase.o flash.o
Lubbock.c改名为xsbase.c，其中/* gd->bd->bi_arch_number = MACH_TYPE_LUBBOCK;*/
gd->bd->bi_arch_number = 200;//因为在内核文件Kernel/2.4.18-rmk7-pxa1-
XSBase255B/arch/arm/tools/mach-types中
xhyper255 ARCH_XHYPER255 XHYPER255 200
3.common/cmd_boot.c文件更改为（参照了emdoor板子的bootloader）

#include < common.h >

#include < command.h >

#include < net.h >

void do_go (cmd_tbl_t * cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * argv[])

{

ulong addr;

long opt[2];

void (*theKernel)(int zero,int arch);

opt[0] = 0;

opt[1] = 200; //mach-types 中对应的号码

if (argc < 2) {

printf ("Usage: %s ", cmdtp->usage);

return 1;

}

addr = simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16); //小写转为大写

theKernel = (void (*)(int, int))addr; //addr为内核在内存中的起始地址 go

a0008000

printf ("## Starting application at 0x%08lX ... ", addr);

theKernel(opt[0], opt[1]);//启动内核

}

U_BOOT_CMD(

go, CFG_MAXARGS, 1 , do_go,

" go - start application at address 'addr' " ,

" addr [arg ...] - start application at address 'addr' "

" passing 'arg' as arguments "

);

extern int do_reset (cmd_tbl_t * cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * argv[]);

U_BOOT_CMD(

reset, 1 , 0 , do_reset,

" reset - Perform RESET of the CPU " ,

NULL

);

4.drivers/cs8900.c更改
a.加入函数说明

void MemSet( void * dest, char c, int len) {

char *s=dest;

char *limit = (char *)dest+len;

while (s < limit) *s++ = c;

} // MemSet.

b.只要有往寄存器CS8900_PPTR写入地址片内偏移地址，并读取寄存器
CS8900_PDATA的值时，如下

CS8900_PPTR = regno;

CS8900_PDATA = val;

需要在前面加上代码改为：

MemSet(( char * ) 0x04000000 , 0x0 , 2 ); // Test Code

CS8900_PPTR = regno;

CS8900_PDATA = val;

为什么？因为0x04000000只是CS8900的片选地址，要想片选有效，必须向这个地址
输入0,使片选信号cs=0,选通cs8900
当出现cs8900 can not be found!说明cs8900的驱动有问题，本板子就是一个很好
的例子，这时需要参照自己的bootloader。
5. include/configs 目录下添加xsbase.h
板子配置文件（参照了lubbock.h），参数的具体意思可以看u-boot中的README文档

#ifndef __CONFIG_H

#define __CONFIG_H

#define BOARD_LATE_INIT 1

#undef CONFIG_USE_IRQ /* we don't need IRQ/FIQ stuff */

#define CONFIG_PXA250 1 // cpu类型

#define CONFIG_XSBASE 1 // 板子类型

#define KERNEL_SRAM_BASE 0x000C0000 // lowlevel_init.s中拷贝

内核时用到

#define KERNEL_DRAM_BASE 0xA0008000

#define KERNEL_MAX_SIZE 0x00200000

* Size of malloc() pool

#define CFG_MALLOC_LEN (CFG_ENV_SIZE + 128*1024)

#define CFG_GBL_DATA_SIZE 128 /* size in bytes reserved for

initial data */

* Hardware drivers

#define CONFIG_DRIVER_CS8900 1 // 支持cs8900网卡

#define CS8900_BUS16 1

#define CS8900_BASE 0x04000300

#define RTC 1

#define CCCR_VALUE 0x00000161

* select serial console configuration

#define CONFIG_FFUART 1 /* we use FFUART on LUBBOCK */

/* allow to overwrite serial and ethaddr */

#define CONFIG_ENV_OVERWRITE

#define CONFIG_BAUDRATE 115200

#define CONFIG_COMMANDS (CONFIG_CMD_DFL | CFG_CMD_JFFS2)

/* this must be included AFTER the definition of CONFIG_COMMANDS (if any) */

#include < cmd_confdefs.h >

#define CONFIG_BOOTDELAY 3

/*#define CONFIG_ETHADDR 08:00:3e:21:c7:f7*/

#define CONFIG_ETHADDR 15:14:36:18:8A:11 // 网卡的配置

#define CONFIG_NETMASK 255.255.255.0

#define CONFIG_IPADDR 192.168.0.10

#define CONFIG_SERVERIP 192.168.0.1

#define CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND "go 0xa0008000" // 当bootloader处于自动模式时

默认运行的命令

表示从内存中a0008000的地方运行内核。

#define CONFIG_BOOTARGS "root=/dev/mtdblock2

rootfstype = jffs2 console = ttyS0, 115200 "

#define CONFIG_CMDLINE_TAG

#define CONFIG_TIMESTAMP

* Miscellaneous configurable options

#define CFG_HUSH_PARSER 1

#define CFG_PROMPT_HUSH_PS2 "> "

#define CFG_LONGHELP /* undef to save memory

#ifdef CFG_HUSH_PARSER

#define CFG_PROMPT "leibo$ " /* Monitor Command

Prompt */

#else

#define CFG_PROMPT "=> " /* Monitor Command

Prompt */

#endif

#define CFG_CBSIZE 256 /* Console I/O Buffer

Size */

#define CFG_PBSIZE (CFG_CBSIZE+sizeof(CFG_PROMPT)+16) /* Print Buffer Size */

#define CFG_MAXARGS 16 /* max number of

command args */

#define CFG_BARGSIZE CFG_CBSIZE /* Boot Argument Buffer Size */

#define CFG_DEVICE_NULLDEV 1

#define CFG_MEMTEST_START 0xa0400000 /* memtest works on */

#define CFG_MEMTEST_END 0xa0800000 /* 4 ... 8 MB in DRAM */

#undef CFG_CLKS_IN_HZ /* everything, incl board info, in

Hz */

#define CFG_LOAD_ADDR (CFG_DRAM_BASE + 0x8000) /* default load address */

#define CFG_HZ 3686400 /*

incrementer freq: 3.6864 MHz */

#define CFG_CPUSPEED 0x00000161 /* set core clock to

400 / 200 / 100 MHz */

// cpu的频率，内存频率的设置值

/* valid

baudrates */

#define CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE { 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 }

#define CFG_MMC_BASE 0xF0000000

* Stack sizes

* The stack sizes are set up in start.S using the settings below

#define CONFIG_STACKSIZE (128*1024) /* regular stack */

#ifdef CONFIG_USE_IRQ

#define CONFIG_STACKSIZE_IRQ (4*1024) /* IRQ stack */

#define CONFIG_STACKSIZE_FIQ (4*1024) /* FIQ stack */

#endif

* Physical Memory Map

#define CONFIG_NR_DRAM_BANKS 4 /* we have 2 banks of DRAM */

#define PHYS_SDRAM_1 0xa0000000 /* SDRAM Bank #1 */

#define PHYS_SDRAM_1_SIZE 0x04000000 /* 64 MB */

#define PHYS_SDRAM_2 0xa4000000 /* SDRAM Bank #2 */

#define PHYS_SDRAM_2_SIZE 0x00000000 /* 0 MB */

#define PHYS_SDRAM_3 0xa8000000 /* SDRAM Bank #3 */

#define PHYS_SDRAM_3_SIZE 0x00000000 /* 0 MB */

#define PHYS_SDRAM_4 0xac000000 /* SDRAM Bank #4 */

#define PHYS_SDRAM_4_SIZE 0x00000000 /* 0 MB */

#define PHYS_FLASH_1 0x00000000 /* Flash Bank #1 */

#define PHYS_FLASH_2 0x04000000 /* Flash Bank #2 */

#define PHYS_FLASH_SIZE 0x02000000 /* 32 MB */

#define PHYS_FLASH_BANK_SIZE 0x02000000 /* 32 MB Banks */

#define PHYS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE 0x00040000 /* 256 KB sectors (x2) */

#define CFG_DRAM_BASE 0xa0000000

#define CFG_DRAM_SIZE 0x04000000

#define CFG_FLASH_BASE PHYS_FLASH_1

#define FPGA_REGS_BASE_PHYSICAL 0x08000000

* GPIO settings //参考emdoor板子的设置数值

#define CFG_GPSR0_VAL 0x00408030

#define CFG_GPSR1_VAL 0x00BFA882

#define CFG_GPSR2_VAL 0x0001C000

#define CFG_GPCR0_VAL 0xC0031100

#define CFG_GPCR1_VAL 0xFC400300

#define CFG_GPCR2_VAL 0x00003FFF

#define CFG_GPDR0_VAL 0xC0439330

#define CFG_GPDR1_VAL 0xFCFFAB82

#define CFG_GPDR2_VAL 0x0001FFFF

#define CFG_GAFR0_L_VAL 0x80000000

#define CFG_GAFR0_U_VAL 0xA5000010

#define CFG_GAFR1_L_VAL 0x60008018

#define CFG_GAFR1_U_VAL 0xAAA5AAAA

#define CFG_GAFR2_L_VAL 0xAAA0000A

#define CFG_GAFR2_U_VAL 0x00000002

#define CFG_PSSR_VAL 0x00000030

* Memory settings

#define CFG_MSC0_VAL 0x7ff87ff0

#define CFG_MSC1_VAL 0x12BC5554

#define CFG_MSC2_VAL 0x7FF87FF1

#define CFG_MDCNFG_VAL 0x00001AC9

#define CFG_MDREFR_VAL 0x000BC018

#define CFG_MDMRS_VAL 0x00000000

* PCMCIA and CF Interfaces

#define CFG_MECR_VAL 0x00000000

#define CFG_MCMEM0_VAL 0x00010504

#define CFG_MCMEM1_VAL 0x00010504

#define CFG_MCATT0_VAL 0x00010504

#define CFG_MCATT1_VAL 0x00010504

#define CFG_MCIO0_VAL 0x00004715

#define CFG_MCIO1_VAL 0x00004715

#define _LED 0x08000010

#define LED_BLANK 0x08000040

* FLASH and environment organization

#define CFG_MAX_FLASH_BANKS 1 /* max number of memory banks

// 板子上的flash只有32M所以选择1就可以了

#define CFG_MAX_FLASH_SECT 128 /* max number of sectors on one chip

/* timeout values are in ticks */

#define CFG_FLASH_ERASE_TOUT (25*CFG_HZ) /* Timeout for Flash Erase */

#define CFG_FLASH_WRITE_TOUT (25*CFG_HZ) /* Timeout for Flash Write */

/* NOTE: many default partitioning schemes assume the kernel starts at the

* second sector, not an environment. You have been warned!

#define CFG_MONITOR_LEN PHYS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE

#define CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH 1

#define CFG_ENV_ADDR (PHYS_FLASH_1 + PHYS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE)

#define CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE PHYS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE

#define CFG_ENV_SIZE (PHYS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE / 16)

* FPGA Offsets

#define WHOAMI_OFFSET 0x00

#define HEXLED_OFFSET 0x10

#define BLANKLED_OFFSET 0x40

#define DISCRETELED_OFFSET 0x40

#define CNFG_SWITCHES_OFFSET 0x50

#define USER_SWITCHES_OFFSET 0x60

#define MISC_WR_OFFSET 0x80

#define MISC_RD_OFFSET 0x90

#define INT_MASK_OFFSET 0xC0

#define INT_CLEAR_OFFSET 0xD0

#define GP_OFFSET 0x100

#endif /* __CONFIG_H */

6.MAKEALL文件更改

LIST_pxa = "

adsvix cerf250 cradle

csb226

innokom lubbock pxa255_idp wepep250

xaeniax xm250 xsengine xsbase

7.Makefile文件更该
xsbase_config : unconfig
@./mkconfig $(@:_config=) arm pxa xsbase
arm为cpu种类，pxa为arm中对应的目标代码，xsbase是自己的开发板对应的目录
mkconfig是一段shell程序，同时自动生成include/config.h文件，根据
include/configs/xsbase.h生成
8.最后编译，生成u-boot.bin文件的命令：
make clean
make xsbase_config
make all
9.检测网卡：
leibo$ tftp 0xa0008000 my_kernel
TFTP from server 192.168.0.1; our IP address is 192.168.0.10
Filename 'my_kernel'.
Load address: 0xa0008000
Loading: #################################################################
#################################################################
###############################################################
done
Bytes transferred = 986520 (f0d98 hex)

10.最后的结果：
U-Boot 1.1.4 (May 2 2006 - 09:49:09)


U-Boot code: A3F80000 -> A3F9C884 BSS: -> A3FA0F9C
//由ld文件决定
RAM Configuration:
Bank #0: a0000000 64 MB
Bank #1: a4000000 0 kB
Bank #2: a8000000 0 kB
Bank #3: ac000000 0 kB
Flash: 32 MB
In:    serial
Out:   serial
Err:   serial

ethaddris 15 //为了调试网卡cs8900的方便，自己加上去的
ethaddris 14
ethaddris 36
ethaddris 18
ethaddris 8A
ethaddris 11
ID is:630E

cs8900 is ok!
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
## Starting application at 0xA0008000 ...
Uncompressing
Linux.............................................................Linux
version 2.4.18-rmk7-pxa1-xhyper255 (root@localhost) (gcc version 2.95.3
25CPU:
Intel XScale-PXA255 revision 6
Machine: HYBUS X-Hyper255
Warning: bad configuration page, trying to continue
MCS0 = 0x7ff87ff0
MCS1 = 0x5aa85aa8
MCS2 = 0x24482448
On node 0 totalpages: 16384
zone(0): 16384 pages.
zone(1): 0 pages.
zone(2): 0 pages.
Kernel command line: root=1f03 rw console=ttyS0,115200 init=/linuxrc
Console: colour dummy device 80x30
Calibrating delay loop... 397.31 BogoMIPS
Memory: 64MB = 64MB total
Memory: 61728KB available (2028K code, 334K data, 372K init)
Dentry-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
Buffer-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Page-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX
Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.4
Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039
Initializing RT netlink socket
Today is : 2165. 85. 85. 45:85:80
PXA USB Controller Core Initialized
get_random_bytes called before random driver initialization
USB Function Ethernet Driver Interface
Starting kswapd
JFFS2 version 2.1. (C) 2001 Red Hat, Inc., designed by Axis Communications
AB.
Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 80x30
pty: 256 Unix98 ptys configured
Serial driver version 5.05c (2001-07-08) with no serial options enabled
ttyS00 at 0x0000 (irq = 14) is a PXA UART
ttyS01 at 0x0000 (irq = 13) is a PXA UART
ttyS02 at 0x0000 (irq = 12) is a PXA UART
ads7843 touch screen driver initialized
init FPGA Board 0 , Made by Ray.xian
init FPGA Board 1, Made by Ray.xian
init FPGA Board 2, Made by Ray.xian
init FPGA Board 3, Made by Ray.xian
init FPGA Board 4, Made by Ray.xian
init FPGA Board 5, Made by Ray.xian
block: 128 slots per queue, batch=32
Cirrus Logic CS8900A driver for Linux (V0.01)
eth0: CS8900A rev E at 0xf0000300 irq=0, no eeprom , addr: 00:12:34:56:78:9A
Linux video capture interface: v1.00
SCSI subsystem driver Revision: 1.00
request_module[scsi_hostadapter]: Root fs not mounted
request_module[scsi_hostadapter]: Root fs not mounted
ac97_codec: AC97 Audio codec, id: 0x4352:0x5914 (Cirrus Logic CS4297A rev B)
Probing X-Hyper250 Flash at physical address 0x00000000
Using buffer write method
No RedBoot partition table detected in X-Hyper255 Flash
Using static partition definition
Creating 4 MTD partitions on "X-Hyper255 Flash":
0x00000000-0x00040000 : "Bootloader"
0x00040000-0x000c0000 : "Partition Tables"
0x000c0000-0x002c0000 : "Kernel"
0x002c0000-0x02000000 : "Filesystem"
Linux Kernel Card Services 3.1.22
options: none
Intel PXA250/210 PCMCIA (CS release 3.1.22)
X-Hyper250 PCMCIA INIT
usb.c: *****registered new driver usbdevfs
usb.c: registered new driver usbdevfs
usb.c: *****registered new driver hub
usb.c: registered new driver hub
usb.c: *****registered new driver usb_mouse
usb.c: registered new driver usb_mouse
usbmouse.c: v1.6:USB HID Boot Protocol mouse driver
usb.c: *****registered new driver keyboard
usb.c: registered new driver keyboard
usbkbd.c: :USB HID Boot Protocol keyboard driver
usb.c: *****registered new driver quickcam
usb.c: registered new driver quickcam
usb.c: *****registered new driver ov511
usb.c: registered new driver ov511
ov511.c: v1.50 for Linux 2.4 : OV511 USB Camera Driver
usb.c: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
hub.c: USB hub found
hub.c: 1 port detected
Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
usb.c: *****registered new driver usb-storage
usb.c: registered new driver usb-storage
USB Mass Storage support registered.
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
MMC subsystem, $Revision: 0.3.1.14 $
MMC block device driver, $Revision: 0.3.1.16 $
PXA250 MMC controller driver, $Revision: 0.3.1.12 $
NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0
IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP
IP: routing cache hash table of 512 buckets, 4Kbytes
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 4096 bind 4096)
NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0/SMP for Linux NET4.0.
NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.95 (c) 1998-1999 Rebel.com
IrCOMM protocol (Dag Brattli)
FAT: bogus logical sector size 381
UMSDOS: msdos_read_super failed, mount aborted.
FAT: bogus logical sector size 381
FAT: bogus logical sector size 381
VFS: Mounted root (jffs2 filesystem).
Freeing init memory: 372K
Setting up RAMFS, please wait ...
done and exiting
INIT: version 2.78 booting
INIT: Entering runlevel: 3
Starting syslog Starting system logger:

Starting pcmcia Starting PCMCIA
Starting etwork Starting network
Starting X...

XSBASE login:

--
           LEIBO      HAOHUA
            ___       ___
          {~._.~}   {~._.~}
           ( Y )     ( Y )
          ()~*~()   ()~*~()
          (_)-(_)   (_)-(_)

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