oracle 12c 创建一个新的PDB，并且关联监听

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本文详细介绍了在Oracle数据库中创建可插拔数据库(PDB)的过程，包括通过seed创建PDB的具体步骤，从用户切换、SQL命令执行到监听器配置与服务注册，最后实现了远程连接验证。

最近因为在玩这一块的东西，但是网上没看到特别详细的资料，所以写个博客记录下，方便以后查看！！

这里就不介绍PDB这些概率了，直入主题。首先列出我所知道的几种创建PDB的方式。
1，通过DBCA 弹出图形界面创建。
2，通过根据seed创建PDB。
3，通过已知的PDB创建新的PDB。
4，通过xml的方式创建PDB。

下面记录的是使用第二种根据seed创建PDB
1，转换oracle 用户

[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle

2，登录

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

3，使用下面命令创建PDB

SQL> CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE crp ADMIN USER crpadmin IDENTIFIED BY 123456 FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/', '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/crp/');

4，查看新创建的PDB 状态， status 为NEW， OPEN_MODE为MOUNTED

SQL> select pdb_id,pdb_name,status from cdb_pdbs where pdb_name='CRP';

    PDB_ID PDB_NAME                       STATUS     
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- 
         37 CRP                       NEW

SQL> select pdb_id,pdb_name,status from cdb_pdbs where pdb_name='CRP';
select con_id,name,open_mode from v$pdbs where name='CRP';

    CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
---------- ------------------------------ ----------
        37 CRP                            MOUNTED

5，将pdb数据库改成open状态

SQL> alter pluggable database CRP open;

Pluggable database altered.

6，再次查询状态发现OPEN_MODE变成了 READ WRITE

SQL> select con_id,name,open_mode from v$pdbs where name='CRP';

    CON_ID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
---------- ------------------------------ ----------
        37 CRP                            READ WRITE

7，使用本地管理员账号测试连接报ORA-12541 TNS: no listener 错，没有启动监听

SQL>conn crpadmin/123456@192.168.1.9:1521/crp ;

8，下面开始关联监听，首先切换到PDB CRP

SQL>alter session set container=CRP;
Session altered.

9，动态添加监听（这里还有静态添加方式，但是我没成功）

SQL>alter system set listener_networks='(( NAME=crp)(LOCAL_LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))))' scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system register;
 
System altered.

10，查看监听状态
[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status LISTENER

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 16-JUN-2020 14:11:07

Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                15-JUN-2020 18:56:57
Uptime                    0 days 19 hr. 14 min. 10 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/home/oracle/app/oracle/admin/orcl/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "crp.localdomain" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
 The command completed successfully

11，在listener.ora 里面添加服务，下面贴出我的listener.ora

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )

  )

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
   (SID_LIST =
     
     (SID_DESC =
       (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
       (SID_NAME = orcl)
     )
     (SID_DESC =
       (GLOBAL_DBNAME = pdborcl)
       (SID_NAME = orcl)
     ) 
	(SID_DESC =
       (GLOBAL_DBNAME = crp)
       (SID_NAME = orcl)
     )
	)

12，重启服务lsnrctl stop,lsnrctl start

13，再次连接

SQL> conn crpadmin/123456@192.168.1.9:1521/crp 
Connected.