通过ContextLoaderListener初始化applicationContext
javaweb引用启动时会加载web.xml,并且会执行配置的listener,在这里注册一个监听器,在内部初始化applicationContext就可以了。这里监听的类是org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
该类继承了ServletContextListener接口,web应用启动时会执行contextInitialized方法。
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
this.initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
}
可以看到,该方法就是用来初始化applicationContext的。
public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
if(servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!");
} else {
Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ContextLoader.class);
servletContext.log("Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext");
if(logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started");
}
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
if(this.context == null) {
this.context = this.createWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
}
if(this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext)this.context;
if(!cwac.isActive()) {
if(cwac.getParent() == null) {
ApplicationContext parent = this.loadParentContext(servletContext);
cwac.setParent(parent);
}
this.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext);
}
}
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);
ClassLoader ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
if(ccl == ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {
currentContext = this.context;
} else if(ccl != null) {
currentContextPerThread.put(ccl, this.context);
}
if(logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Published root WebApplicationContext as ServletContext attribute with name [" + WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE + "]");
}
if(logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in " + elapsedTime + " ms");
}
return this.context;
} catch (RuntimeException var8) {
logger.error("Context initialization failed", var8);
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, var8);
throw var8;
} catch (Error var9) {
logger.error("Context initialization failed", var9);
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, var9);
throw var9;
}
}
}
继续打开往下看,applicationContext是存在servletContext中的,key值为ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE的值,可以看到是通过调用
createWebApplicationContext初始化的,内部调用determineContextClass获取具体的class,如果配置了contextClass变量,则使用该变量获取class,否则使用默认的初始化,这样applicationContext对象就创建完成了。
然后需要获取配置文件初始化bean。
具体是调用了configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext方法,打开该方法可以看到:
protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac, ServletContext sc) {
String configLocationParam;
if(ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) {
configLocationParam = sc.getInitParameter("contextId");
if(configLocationParam != null) {
wac.setId(configLocationParam);
} else {
wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX + ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getContextPath()));
}
}
wac.setServletContext(sc);
configLocationParam = sc.getInitParameter("contextConfigLocation");
if(configLocationParam != null) {
wac.setConfigLocation(configLocationParam);
}
ConfigurableEnvironment env = wac.getEnvironment();
if(env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {
((ConfigurableWebEnvironment)env).initPropertySources(sc, (ServletConfig)null);
}
this.customizeContext(sc, wac);
wac.refresh();
}
可以看到,如果设置了contextConfigLocation初始化参数,则用该参数,否则使用默认参数,这样,application创建bean就齐全了。创建完成后设置进ServletContext中,后续使用只要从里面取出就可以了,key 为ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE。