[转]CentOS6.2下搭建LVS(NAT)+Keep…

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本文介绍如何使用LVS（NAT模式）结合Keepalived搭建高性能高可用的负载均衡服务器。文中详细记录了从软件安装、配置到测试的全过程，并解决了内网VIP设置的问题。

上一篇文档写的是LVS（DR）+ Keepalived实现高性能高可用负载均衡服务器(见 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-03/57387.htm )，这次主要写的是基于LVS（NAT）+ Keepalived实现高性能高可用负载均衡服务器。
其实NAT模式在企业用的不多，我和很多朋友都沟通过这个事情，我们搭建这个环节主要是测试一下整个性能与DR的具体的差距。但是在搭建这个环境过程中遇到一点小问题，就是内网的VIP不知道如何去设置，这个问题困扰了我很长时间，因为LVS也只是刚刚接触，期间给我一个之前的学员电话他给我提供了一个方法，昨天晚上回去测试OK~！今天上午在线上也测试了，没有问题。以后要继续努力~！朝着我的目标前进~！同时希望各位在参考时遇到什么问题和我及时沟通，以便更好的完善文档！~

软件下载：见 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-03/57387.htm
keepalived：keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz
ipvsadm: ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz 注意：(for kernel 2.6.28-rc3 or later)
popt-static：popt-static-1.13-7.el6.x86_64.rpm

实验拓扑图

1、在2台Director Server上分别配置LVS+Keepalived
[root@host1 ~]# rpm -ivh popt-static-1.13-7.el6.x86_64.rpm
#看我前一篇文章http://crazylinux.blog.51cto.com/259244/811591
[root@host1 ~]# yum -y install kernel-devel make gcc openssl-devel lftp libnl* popt*
[root@host1 ~]# ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-194.el5-x86_64/ /usr/src/linux
[root@host1 ~]# tar -zxvf ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
[root@host1 ~]# cd /usr/src/ipvsadm-1.26/
[root@host1 ipvsadm-1.26]# make
[root@host1 ipvsadm-1.26]# make install
[root@host1 ~]# tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
[root@host1 ~]# cd /usr/src/keepalived-1.2.2/
[root@host1 keepalived-1.2.2]# ./configure
[root@host1 keepalived-1.2.2]# make
[root@host1 keepalived-1.2.2]# make install
[root@host1 keepalived-1.2.2]# cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/
[root@host1 keepalived-1.2.2]# cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
[root@host1 keepalived-1.2.2]# mkdir /etc/keepalived
[root@host1 keepalived-1.2.2]# cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
[root@host1 keepalived-1.2.2]# cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
2 、开启路由转发
[root@host1 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@host1 ~]# sysctl -p
3、配置Keepalived
[root@host1 ~]# less /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_MASTER #备上修改LVS_BACKUP
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER #备上修改BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 #备上修改80
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.10
}
}
vrrp_instance LAN_GATEWAY {
state MASTER #备上修改BACKUP
interface eth1
virtual_router_id 52
priority 100 #备上修改80
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.10.10
}
}
virtual_server 10.0.0.10 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind NAT
# nat_mask 255.255.255.0
# persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.10.3 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 192.168.10.4 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}

BACKUP服务器同上配置，先安装lvs再按装keepalived,然后配置/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf，只需将批注部分改一下即可。

4、分别在2台Real Server上面设置网关
把网关都设置成：192.168.10.10
5、在2台RealServer中分别配置HTTP
[root@host3 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@host3 ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@host3 html]# cat index.html

<h1>RealServer for 192.168.10.3</h1>
[root@host3 html]# /etc/init.d/httpd start
另一台机器配置一样，过程略、、、
6、测试：
分别启动Keepalived
[root@host1 ~]# chkconfig keepalived on
[root@host1 ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived restart
[root@host1 ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.0.0.10:80 rr
-> 192.168.10.3:80              Masq    1      0          0
-> 192.168.10.4:80              Masq    1      0          0
先关闭LVS_Master的Keepalived，观察LVS_Backup的日志
[root@host2 ~]# tailf /var/log/messages
Mar 22 22:39:16 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) Transition to MASTER STATE
Mar 22 22:39:16 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) Entering MASTER STATE
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) setting protocol VIPs.
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth1 for 192.168.10.10
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.0.0.10
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.10.10 added
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.0.0.10 added
Mar 22 22:39:22 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth1 for 192.168.10.10
Mar 22 22:39:22 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.0.0.10
在测试机上访问：
在2台RealServer中分别配置HTTP
[root@host3 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@host3 ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@host3 html]# cat index.html
<h1>RealServer for 192.168.10.3</h1>
[root@host3 html]# /etc/init.d/httpd start
另一台机器配置一样，过程略、、、
7、测试：
分别启动Keepalived
[root@host1 ~]# chkconfig keepalived on
[root@host1 ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived restart
[root@host1 ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.0.0.10:80 rr
-> 192.168.10.3:80              Masq    1      0          0
-> 192.168.10.4:80              Masq    1      0          0
先关闭LVS_Master的Keepalived，观察LVS_Backup的日志
[root@host2 ~]# tailf /var/log/messages
Mar 22 22:39:16 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) Transition to MASTER STATE
Mar 22 22:39:16 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) Entering MASTER STATE
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) setting protocol VIPs.
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth1 for 192.168.10.10
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.0.0.10
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.10.10 added
Mar 22 22:39:17 host2 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.0.0.10 added
Mar 22 22:39:22 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth1 for 192.168.10.10
Mar 22 22:39:22 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.0.0.10
在测试机上访问：

启动LVS_Master，在查看LVS_Backup日志
[root@host2 ~]# tailf /var/log/messages
Mar 22 22:51:50 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) Received higher prio advert
Mar 22 22:51:50 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) Entering BACKUP STATE
Mar 22 22:51:50 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(LAN_GATEWAY) removing protocol VIPs.
Mar 22 22:51:50 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert
Mar 22 22:51:50 host2 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.10.10 removed
Mar 22 22:51:50 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Mar 22 22:51:50 host2 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
Mar 22 22:51:50 host2 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.0.0.10 removed
一切访问正常~！