R数据分析：扫盲贴，什么是多重插补

好多同学跑来问，用spss的时候使用多重插补的数据集，怎么选怎么用？是不是简单的选一个做分析？今天写写这个问题。

什么时候用多重插补

首先回顾下三种缺失机制或者叫缺失类型：

上面的内容之前写过，这儿就不给大家翻译了，完全随机缺失，缺失量较小的情况下你直接扔掉或者任你怎么插补都可以，影响不大的。随机缺失可以用多重插补很好地处理；非随机缺失，任何方法都没得救的，主分析做完之后自觉做敏感性分析才是正道；这个我好像在之前的文章中给大家解释过原因。

When it is plausible that data are missing at random, but not completely at random, analyses based on complete cases may be biased. Such biases can be overcome using methods such as multiple imputation that allow individuals with incomplete data to be included in analysesly, it is not possible to distinguish between missing at random and missing not at random using observed data. Therefore, biases caused by data that are missing not at random can be addressed only by sensitivity analyses examining the effect of different assumptions about the missing data mechanism