1.将对象转换为字节流保存起来,并在以后还原这个对象,这种机制叫做对象序列化。
2.将一个对象保存到永久存储设备上称为持久化。
3.一个类若想被序列化,则需要实现java,io.Serializable接口,该接口中没有定义任一方法,是一个标志性接口(Mark Interface),当一个类实现了该接口,就说明该类是可以序列化的。
4.在序列化时,static变量是无法序列化的;如果A包含了对B的引用,那么在序列化A的时候也会将B一并地序列化;如果此时A可以序列化,B无法序列化,那么在序列化A的时候就会发生异常,这时就需要将对B的引用设为transient,该关键字表示变量不会被序列化。
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* 对象序列化与反序列化
* @author c
*/
public class SerializableTest1
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
Person p1 = new Person(1, "张三", 21);
Person p2 = new Person(2, "李四", 22);
Person p3 = new Person(3, "王五", 20);
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("E:\\eclipse4.2\\JavaIo\\doc\\Person.txt");
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
oos.writeObject(p1);
oos.writeObject(p2);
oos.writeObject(p3);
oos.close();
System.out.println("-----------------");
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("E:\\eclipse4.2\\JavaIo\\doc\\Person.txt");
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
Person p = null;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
p = (Person)ois.readObject();
System.out.println("id = " + p.id + ",name = " + p.name + ",int = " + p.age);
}
ois.close();
}
}
class Person implements Serializable {
/*
* 加Static或transient关键字则不能被存储
*/
int id;
String name;
int age;
public Person(int id, String name, int age) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
}
5.利用对象的序列化和反序列化,可以实现对对象的深克隆(当克隆的对象只有基本类型,不含引用类型时,可以用浅克隆实现,当克隆的对象含有引用类型时,必须使用深克隆实现)。
/*
* 对象的浅克隆
*1.实现Cloneable接口
*2.重写clone()方法
*3.在clone()方法中调用super.clone() 方法
*/
public class ShallowClone {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student s1 = new Student();
s1.setId(100);
s1.setName("鸣人");
System.out.println("克隆前的id:" + s1.getId());
System.out.println("克隆前的name:" + s1.getName());
try {
Student s2 = (Student) s1.clone();
System.out.println("克隆后的id:" + s2.getId());
System.out.println("克隆后的name:" + s2.getName());
} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class Student implements Cloneable {
private int id;
private String name;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
Student s = (Student) super.clone();
return s;
}
}
package com.deepclone;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
/*
* 利用对象序列化实现对象的深克隆
*1.实现Serializable接口
*2.利用ObjectOutputStream的writeObject方法将要克隆的对象序列化
*3.利用ObjectInputStream的readObject方法将克隆得到的对象反序列化
*/
public class DeepCopy {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Father father = new Father();
father.setAge(20);
father.setName("四代火影");
Son son = new Son();
son.setAge(18);
son.setName("鸣人");
son.setFather(father);
System.out.println("克隆前son的age:" + son.getAge());
System.out.println("克隆前son的name:" + son.getName());
System.out.println("克隆前fathor的age:" + son.getFather().getAge());
System.out.println("克隆前fathor的name:" + son.getFather().getName());
System.out.println("---------------------------");
Son son2 = (Son)son.copyObject();
System.out.println("克隆前son的age:" + son2.getAge());
System.out.println("克隆前son的name:" + son2.getName());
System.out.println("克隆前fathor的age:" + son2.getFather().getAge());
System.out.println("克隆前fathor的name:" + son2.getFather().getName());
System.out.println("---------------------------");
son2.getFather().setAge(21);
son2.getFather().setName("波分水门");
System.out.println("克隆前fathor的age:" + son.getFather().getAge());
System.out.println("克隆前fathor的name:" + son.getFather().getName());
System.out.println("克隆前fathor的age:" + son2.getFather().getAge());
System.out.println("克隆前fathor的name:" + son2.getFather().getName());
}
}
class Father implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private int age;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
class Son implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private int age;
private Father father;
public Father getFather() {
return father;
}
public void setFather(Father father) {
this.father = father;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
/*
* 实现对象的序列化与反序列化
*/
public Object copyObject() {
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
try {
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(baos);
oos.writeObject(this); //对象序列化
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray());
Object object = null;
try {
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bais);
object = ois.readObject(); //对象反序列化
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return object;
}
}