多线程与同步synchronized

package com.thread.sym;

public class TestThread {

		/**
	 * 设计4个线程，其中两个线程每次对j增加1，另外两个线程对j每次减少1。
	 * 同步
	 * 打印结果：
	 * Thread-0:1
Thread-1:2
Thread-1:3
Thread-1:4
Thread-1:5
Thread-1:6
Thread-1:7
Thread-1:8
Thread-1:9
Thread-1:10
Thread-1:11
Thread-0:12
Thread-0:13
Thread-0:14
Thread-0:15
Thread-0:16
Thread-0:17
Thread-0:18
Thread-0:19
Thread-0:20
Thread-2:19
Thread-2:18
Thread-2:17
Thread-2:16
Thread-2:15
Thread-2:14
Thread-2:13
Thread-2:12
Thread-2:11
Thread-2:10
Thread-3:9
Thread-3:8
Thread-3:7
Thread-3:6
Thread-3:5
Thread-3:4
Thread-3:3
Thread-3:2
Thread-3:1
Thread-3:0

	 */
	public  int j = 0;

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		TestThread testThread = new TestThread();
		myThread1 my11 = testThread.new myThread1();
		myThread1 my12 = testThread.new myThread1();
		myThread2 my21 = testThread.new myThread2();
		myThread2 my22 = testThread.new myThread2();
		Thread tmy11 = new Thread(my11);
		Thread tmy12 = new Thread(my12);
		Thread tmy21 = new Thread(my21);
		Thread tmy22 = new Thread(my22);
		tmy11.start();
		tmy12.start();
		tmy21.start();
		tmy22.start();

	}

	class myThread1 implements Runnable {
		/*
		 * 此方法实现对j增加
		 */

		@Override
		public void run() {
			for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
				inc();
			}

		}

	}

	private class myThread2 implements Runnable {
		/*
		 * 此方法实现对j减少
		 */
		@Override
		public void run() {
			for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
				dec();
			}
		}

	}
//同步的一种方式：同步方法
	public synchronized  void inc(){
		j++;
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + j);
	}
	public synchronized  void dec(){
		j--;
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + j);
	}
//同步的另一种方式：同步块
	/*public   void inc(){
		synchronized(this){
		j++;
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + j);
		}
	}
	public   void dec(){
		synchronized(this){
		j--;
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + j);
		}
	}*/
}

package com.thread.sym;

public class TestThread {

	/**
	 * 设计4个线程，其中两个线程每次对j增加1，另外两个线程对j每次减少1。
	 * 不同步
	 * 打印结果：
	 Thread-0:1
Thread-2:1
Thread-2:0
Thread-1:2
Thread-2:-1
Thread-3:1
Thread-3:-2
Thread-3:-3
Thread-0:2
Thread-3:-4
Thread-2:-1
Thread-1:0
Thread-1:-4
Thread-1:-3
Thread-1:-2
Thread-1:-1
Thread-1:0
Thread-1:1
Thread-1:2
Thread-1:3
Thread-2:-5
Thread-3:-4
Thread-0:-3
Thread-3:1
Thread-2:2
Thread-3:1
Thread-0:2
Thread-3:-1
Thread-2:0
Thread-3:-1
Thread-0:0
Thread-3:-3
Thread-2:-2
Thread-2:-3
Thread-0:-2
Thread-2:-4
Thread-0:-3
Thread-0:-2
Thread-0:-1
Thread-0:0

	 */
	public  int j = 0;

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		TestThread testThread = new TestThread();
		myThread1 my11 = testThread.new myThread1();
		myThread1 my12 = testThread.new myThread1();
		myThread2 my21 = testThread.new myThread2();
		myThread2 my22 = testThread.new myThread2();
		Thread tmy11 = new Thread(my11);
		Thread tmy12 = new Thread(my12);
		Thread tmy21 = new Thread(my21);
		Thread tmy22 = new Thread(my22);
		tmy11.start();
		tmy12.start();
		tmy21.start();
		tmy22.start();

	}

	class myThread1 implements Runnable {
		/*
		 * 此方法实现对j增加
		 */

		@Override
		public void run() {
			for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
				inc();
			}

		}

	}

	private class myThread2 implements Runnable {
		/*
		 * 此方法实现对j减少
		 */
		@Override
		public void run() {
			for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
				dec();
			}
		}

	}
	public   void inc(){
		j++;
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + j);
	}
	public   void dec(){
		j--;
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + j);
	}
}
/*
 * Thread 的一般方法：
 * sleep：静态方法，使用方式Thread.sleep(1000)，一定会抛出异常，由于是运行在run中，一定要采用catch，而不能用throws捕获
 *        采用Thread.interrupt()可以让线程停止，但是不推荐此方法，可以采用flag标识来让线程停止。stop()方式已经废弃
 * join：合并线程。myThread myt=new myThread();myt.start();myt.join();这样就相当于和主线程合并，变成了一个线程，按照正常的程序逻辑进行
 * yield：高风亮节。只让别的线程先执行一下，过一会还是要执行:
 * @Override
		public void run() {
			for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {	
				if (i % 4 == 0) {
					Thread.yield();
				}
				System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+i);

			}
		}
  Priority:优先级myThread myt=new myThread();myt.setPriority(Thread.NORM_PRIORITY+3);这样将获得更好的优先，时间片更多
  线程同步两种方法：同步方法和同步块
  sleep和wait的区别：
  1.都是用于对线程的控制，但是sleep不释放同步锁，wait释放同步锁
    sleep是Thread的静态方法，可以设置时间（单位为毫秒），如果需要终止，可以设置interrupted或者设置标识来终止；wait是Object的方法，不要设置时间，通过别的线程调用同一对象的notify来终止。
  2.wait，notify和notifyAll只能在同步控制方法或者同步控制块里面使用，而sleep可以在任何地方使用。
3.sleep必须捕获异常，而wait，notify和notifyAll不需要捕获异常。

 */
package com.wait.sym;

public class Demo {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ThreadDemo b = new ThreadDemo();
		b.start();
		System.out.println("b is start....");
		synchronized (b) {
			try {
				System.out.println("Waiting for b to complete...");
				// b.wait(3000);
				b.wait();
				System.out.println("Completed.Now back to main thread");
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			}
		}
		System.out.println("Total is :" + b.total);
	}
}

class ThreadDemo extends Thread {
	int total;

	public void run() {
		try {
			Thread.sleep(2000);
			synchronized (this) {
				System.out.println("ThreadB is running..");
				for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
					total += i;

					// if(i==30){Thread.sleep(3000);} //当 i=30的时候，让当前线程睡眠3秒
					System.out.println("total is " + total);
				}
				this.notify();
			}
		} catch (InterruptedException e1) {

			e1.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}
/*打印结果：b is start....
Waiting for b to complete...
ThreadB is running..
total is 0
total is 1
total is 3
total is 6
total is 10
total is 15
total is 21
total is 28
total is 36
total is 45
Completed.Now back to main thread
Total is :45*/