POI 复制多个excel文件合并为一个总excel文件

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-06-19 10:32:22 发布 1w 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

JAVA合并Excel，把多个Excel合并成一个Excel，合并内容仅包括文字，图片合并Excel，把多个Excel合并成一个Excel，合并内容仅包括文字，图片阅读详情

参考：
http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/wutbiao/article/details/8696446
项目中需求：
将12个excel文件合并为一个总excel文件。首先想的思路是读取每个excel文件的sheet然后再copy到总excel文件里，查阅了前辈写的POI工具类，最后生成成功。但逐次打开12个excle文件效率很低，耗时9s，决定换其他思路开发。现将此工具类代码暂放，以后再学习使用。

import java.util.Iterator;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil; 
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;


public class POIUtils {
	public class XSSFDateUtil extends DateUtil {  
	     
	}  
	public static void copyCellStyle(XSSFCellStyle fromStyle, XSSFCellStyle toStyle) {
		
		toStyle.cloneStyleFrom(fromStyle);//此一行代码搞定
		//下面统统不用
		/*
		//对齐方式
        toStyle.setAlignment(fromStyle.getAlignment());  
        //边框和边框颜色  
        toStyle.setBorderBottom(fromStyle.getBorderBottom());  
        toStyle.setBorderLeft(fromStyle.getBorderLeft());  
        toStyle.setBorderRight(fromStyle.getBorderRight());  
        toStyle.setBorderTop(fromStyle.getBorderTop());  
        toStyle.setTopBorderColor(fromStyle.getTopBorderColor());  
        toStyle.setBottomBorderColor(fromStyle.getBottomBorderColor());  
        toStyle.setRightBorderColor(fromStyle.getRightBorderColor());  
        toStyle.setLeftBorderColor(fromStyle.getLeftBorderColor());   
        //背景和前景  
        //toStyle.setFillPattern(fromStyle.getFillPattern());  //填充图案，不起作用，转为黑色  
        toStyle.setFillBackgroundColor(fromStyle.getFillBackgroundColor());  //不起作用
        toStyle.setFillForegroundColor(fromStyle.getFillForegroundColor());  
        toStyle.setDataFormat(fromStyle.getDataFormat());  //数据格式 
        //toStyle.setFont(fromStyle.getFont());  //不起作用
        toStyle.setHidden(fromStyle.getHidden());  
        toStyle.setIndention(fromStyle.getIndention());//首行缩进  
        toStyle.setLocked(fromStyle.getLocked());  
        toStyle.setRotation(fromStyle.getRotation());//旋转  
        toStyle.setVerticalAlignment(fromStyle.getVerticalAlignment());  //垂直对齐
        toStyle.setWrapText(fromStyle.getWrapText()); //文本换行 
        */  
    }  
	public static void mergeSheetAllRegion(XSSFSheet fromSheet, XSSFSheet toSheet) {//合并单元格
		int num = fromSheet.getNumMergedRegions();
		CellRangeAddress cellR = null;
		for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
			cellR = fromSheet.getMergedRegion(i);
			toSheet.addMergedRegion(cellR);
		}
	} 
	
	public static void copyCell(XSSFWorkbook wb,XSSFCell fromCell, XSSFCell toCell) {  
        XSSFCellStyle newstyle=wb.createCellStyle();  
        copyCellStyle(fromCell.getCellStyle(), newstyle);  
        //toCell.setEncoding(fromCell.getEncoding());  
        //样式  
        toCell.setCellStyle(newstyle);   
        if (fromCell.getCellComment() != null) {  
            toCell.setCellComment(fromCell.getCellComment());  
        }  
        // 不同数据类型处理  
        int fromCellType = fromCell.getCellType();  
        toCell.setCellType(fromCellType);  
        if (fromCellType == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {  
            if (XSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(fromCell)) {  
                    toCell.setCellValue(fromCell.getDateCellValue());  
                } else {  
                    toCell.setCellValue(fromCell.getNumericCellValue());  
                }  
            } else if (fromCellType == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {  
                toCell.setCellValue(fromCell.getRichStringCellValue());  
            } else if (fromCellType == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK) {  
                // nothing21  
            } else if (fromCellType == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {  
                toCell.setCellValue(fromCell.getBooleanCellValue());  
            } else if (fromCellType == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR) {  
                toCell.setCellErrorValue(fromCell.getErrorCellValue());  
            } else if (fromCellType == XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA) {  
                toCell.setCellFormula(fromCell.getCellFormula());  
            } else { // nothing29  
            }  
          
    }  

	public static void copyRow(XSSFWorkbook wb,XSSFRow oldRow,XSSFRow toRow){  
		toRow.setHeight(oldRow.getHeight());
        for (Iterator cellIt = oldRow.cellIterator(); cellIt.hasNext();) {  
            XSSFCell tmpCell = (XSSFCell) cellIt.next();  
            XSSFCell newCell = toRow.createCell(tmpCell.getColumnIndex());  
            copyCell(wb,tmpCell, newCell);  
        }  
    }  
	public static void copySheet(XSSFWorkbook wb,XSSFSheet fromSheet, XSSFSheet toSheet) {   
		mergeSheetAllRegion(fromSheet, toSheet);     
		//设置列宽
        for(int i=0;i<=fromSheet.getRow(fromSheet.getFirstRowNum()).getLastCellNum();i++){ 
        	toSheet.setColumnWidth(i,fromSheet.getColumnWidth(i)); 
        } 
        for (Iterator rowIt = fromSheet.rowIterator(); rowIt.hasNext();) {  
            XSSFRow oldRow = (XSSFRow) rowIt.next(); 
            XSSFRow newRow = toSheet.createRow(oldRow.getRowNum()); 
            copyRow(wb,oldRow,newRow);  
        }  
    }  
	
	
}

业务层处理：

//将所有类型的尽调excel文件合并成一个excel文件
XSSFWorkbook newExcelCreat = new XSSFWorkbook(); 
for(String fromExcelName:fileNameList) {//遍历每个源excel文件，fileNameList为源文件的名称集合
	 InputStream in = new FileInputStream(tempUrl+ File.separator +fromExcelName);
	 XSSFWorkbook fromExcel = new XSSFWorkbook(in);
	 for(int i = 0; i < fromExcel.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) {//遍历每个sheet
		 XSSFSheet oldSheet = fromExcel.getSheetAt(i);
		 XSSFSheet newSheet = newExcelCreat.createSheet(oldSheet.getSheetName()); 
		 POIUtils.copySheet(newExcelCreat, oldSheet, newSheet);
	 } 
 }
 String allFileName=tempUrl+File.separator+"总文件_"+format.format(new Date())+".xlsx";
 FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(allFileName);
 newExcelCreat.write(fileOut); 
 fileOut.flush(); 
 fileOut.close();
 //删除各个源文件
 for(String fromExcelName:fileNameList) {//遍历每个源excel文件
	 File file=new File(tempUrl+File.separator+fromExcelName);
	 if(file.exists()){
		 file.delete();
	 } 
 }

2020.05.14更新博文
首先不好意思，现在才补充当时的另外一种实现思路。
因为年代久远，翻了下以前的代码，不知道当时的逻辑是不是解决了效率的问题，各位同学暂且试一下吧。
思路：
以上弃用的逻辑是遍历读取每个源excel文件，这样肯定耗时。以下的逻辑是只打开读取一次excel源文件，然后将数据塞入，再写出来。
1.首先定义一个总Excel的模板:allFiles.xlsx，里面每个sheet名字事先定义好，每个sheet里的内容也和各自对应的子Excel文件内容对应好。
在这里插入图片描述
2.拿到业务数据，遍历每条业务记录，根据目标记录的业务类型+在allFiles.xlsx中对应的sheet，调用各自业务的’下载生成Excel’方法，各自业务操作时处理的都是同一个对象XSSFWorkbook
3.最后将XSSFWorkbook对象写出
代码如下：

//1.拿到目标业务数据，封装ddType tableId
if (fileList != null && fileList.size() > 0) {
   for (int i = 0; i < fileList.size(); i++) {
   	String ddType = fileList.get(i).getProfileType();
   	String tableId = fileList.get(i).getCognateTableId();
   	Map<String,String> map=Maps.newHashMap();
   	map.put("ddType", ddType);//ddType：业务类型
   	map.put("tableId", tableId);//tableId：数据库表某条记录的主键id
   	mapList.add(i,map);
   }
}
...
//2.遍历每条记录，根据不同的业务类型进行处理
if (mapList != null && mapList.size() > 0) {
   //2-1.指定总excel的模板文件
   String pathFrom = "/exceltemplates/allFiles.xlsx";   
   @SuppressWarnings("resource")
   XSSFWorkbook fromWorkbook=new XSSFWorkbook(当前类.class.getResourceAsStream(pathFrom)); 
   XSSFWorkbook toWorkbook=new XSSFWorkbook();
   XSSFSheet fromSheet=null;  
   //2-2.遍历，开始生成excle文件的sheet页 
   Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); 
   for (int i = 0; i < mapList.size(); i++) {  
   		String ddType = mapList.get(i).get("ddType");
   		String tableId = mapList.get(i).get("tableId");
   		if (ddType.equals("A")) {
   			fromSheet=fromWorkbook.getSheetAt(0);
   			toWorkbook=xxxService.createFile(toWorkbook,fromSheet,tableId);
   		} else if (ddType.equals("B")) {
   			...
   		} 
   		...//省略其他十几个业务类型
   }
}
//3.输出总excle文件到tempurl下
String allDdFilesName = "总文件_" + format.format(new Date()) + ".xlsx";
FileOutputStream workbookOut = new FileOutputStream(tempUrl + allDdFilesName);
toWorkbook.write(workbookOut);
workbookOut.flush();
workbookOut.close(); 
...

其中某一个业务类的生成excle的方法实现：

public XSSFWorkbook createFile(XSSFWorkbook toWorkbook,XSSFSheet fromSheet,String tableId) throws IOException{  
  	//1.对sheet进行命名
  	XSSFSheet toSheet=toWorkbook.createSheet(); 
  	int sheetAmount=toWorkbook.getNumberOfSheets();
  	int sheetMatchAmount=0;
  	for(int i=0;i<sheetAmount;i++){//遍历sheet
  		if(toWorkbook.getSheetName(i).startsWith("财务报表")){
  			sheetMatchAmount++;
  		}
  	}
  	if(sheetMatchAmount==0){ 
  		toWorkbook.setSheetName(sheetAmount-1, "财务报表_1");
  	}else{ 
  		toWorkbook.setSheetName(sheetAmount-1,"财务报表_"+(sheetMatchAmount+1));
  	}
  	//2.复制源文件sheet框架 
  	POIUtils.copySheet(toWorkbook, fromSheet, toSheet);//调用的还是博文上面的那个工具类
  	//3.根据tableId从数据库中获得数据并封装为map
  	Map<String, Object> paramMap = this.putData(true, tableId);
  	//4.填充数据
  	boolean isData=(boolean)paramMap.get("isData");
      if (isData) {
      	toWorkbook=this.createFile(toWorkbook, toSheet, paramMap);
  	}   
      return toWorkbook;
  }

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