WCF笔记：入门

 

WCF的中的Endpoint结构，一个Endpoint就类似于xml web service中的一个asmx文件，它包括三个组成部分1）Address 2) Binding 3) Contract,此三者被称为组成Endpoint的"ABC".

A解决了Endpoint在哪的问题，也就是"Where is the endpoint?"

B 解决的是如何与Endpoint通讯的问题，也就是"How to communicate with endpoint?"

C解决了Endpoint提供什么功能的问题，也就是"What functionalities do the endpoint provide?"

 

 

选择正确的Binding

Binding是可以自定义实现的，可WCF框架已经为我们实现了足够多的Binding，供我们来选择，如下表所示：

Binding名称	Configuration Element	描述
BasicHttpBinding	basicHttpBinding	一个指定用符合基本网络服务规范通讯的binding，它用http进行传输，数据格式为text/xml
WSHttpBinding	wsHttpBinding	一个安全的通用的binding,但它不能在deplex中使用
WSDualHttpBinding	wsDualHttpBinding	一个安全的通用的binding,但能在deplex中使用
WSFederationHttpBinding	wsFederationHttpBinding	一个安全的通用的支持WSF的binding，能对用户进行验证和授权
NetTcpBinding	netTcpBinding	在wcf应用程序中最适合跨机器进行安全通讯的binding
NetNamedPipeBinding	netNamedPipeBinding	在wcf应用程序中最适合本机进行安全通讯的binding
NetMsmqBinding	netMsmqBinding	在wcf应用程序中最适合跨机器进行安全通讯的binding，并且支持排队
NetPeerTcpBinding	netPeerTcpBinding	一个支持安全的，多机交互的binding
MsmqIntegrationBinding	msmqIntegrationBinding	一个用于wcf与现有msmq程序进行安全通讯的binding

 

下面的表格分别删除了上表中的Binding在互操作性（Interoperability)， 安全性(Security)， 是否支持会话(Session)， 是否支持事务(Transactions)和是否为全双工(Duplex)上不同。

Bingding	Interoperability	Security	Session	Transactions	Duplex
BasicHttpBinding	Basic Profile 1.1	(None), Transport, Message	None, (None)	None	n/a
WSHttpBinding	WS	Transport, (Message), Mixed	(None), Transport, Reliable Session	(None), Yes	n/a
WSDualHttpBinding	WS	(Message)	(Reliable Session)	(None), Yes	Yes
WSFederationHttpBinding	WS-Federation	(Message)	(None), Reliable Session	(None), Yes	No
NetTcpBinding	.NET	(Transport), Message	Reliable Session, (Transport)	(None), Yes	Yes
NetNamedPipeBinding	.NET	(Transport)	None, (Transport)	(None), Yes	Yes
NetMsmqBinding	.NET	Message, (Transport), Both	(None)	(None), Yes	No
NetPeerTcpBinding	Peer	(Transport)	(None)	(None)	Yes
MsmqIntegrationBinding	MSMQ	(Transport)	(None)	(None), Yes	n/a

例外，《Programming WCF Services》有一幅图也能说明各自的特征：

下面的图给出了我们选择Binding的方式

 

 

第一个简单的例子：

接口：

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

namespace WcfService1
{
    // 注意: 如果更改此处的接口名称 "IService1"，也必须更新 Web.config 中对 "IService1" 的引用。
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IService1
    {

        [OperationContract]
        string GetData(int value);

        [OperationContract]
        CompositeType GetDataUsingDataContract(CompositeType composite);

        [OperationContract]

        myNumber Getnum(myNumber mynum);

        [OperationContract]
        void Test();
    }

    // 使用下面示例中说明的数据约定将复合类型添加到服务操作。
    [DataContract]
    public class CompositeType
    {
        bool boolValue = true;
        string stringValue = "Hello ";

        [DataMember]
        public bool BoolValue
        {
            get { return boolValue; }
            set { boolValue = value; }
        }

        [DataMember]
        public string StringValue
        {
            get { return stringValue; }
            set { stringValue = value; }
        }
    }

    [DataContract]
    public struct myNumber
    {
        [DataMember]
        public double Num1;

        [DataMember]
        public double Num2;

        public myNumber(double num1, double num2)
        {
            this.Num1 = num1;
            this.Num2 = num2;
        }
    }
}

 

类：

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

namespace WcfService1
{
    // 注意: 如果更改此处的类名“Service1”，也必须更新 Web.config 和关联的 .svc 文件中对“Service1”的引用。
    public class Service1 : IService1
    {
        public string GetData(int value)
        {
            return string.Format("You entered: {0}", value);
        }

        public CompositeType GetDataUsingDataContract(CompositeType composite)
        {
            if (composite.BoolValue)
            {
                composite.StringValue += "Suffix";
            }
            return composite;
        }

        public myNumber Getnum(myNumber mynum)
        {
            if (mynum.Num1 > mynum.Num2)
                mynum.Num2 += mynum.Num2;

            if (mynum.Num1 < mynum.Num2)
                mynum.Num1 += mynum.Num1;

            return mynum;

        }

        public void Test()
        {
            Thread.Sleep(1000);
            Console.WriteLine("Test Execute:{0}", DateTime.Now);
        }
    }
}

 

调用：

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;
using ConsoleApplication2.ServiceReference1;
using System.ServiceModel.Channels;

namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //方法三
            //AppDomain.CreateDomain("Server").DoCallBack(delegate
            //{
            //    ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(ConsoleApplication2.ServiceReference1.Service1Client));
            //    host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(Service1Client), new BasicHttpBinding(),
            //      "http://localhost:8080/Service1.svc");
            //    host.Open();
            //});

            //ChannelFactory<IService1> factory = new ChannelFactory<IService1>(
            //  new WSHttpBinding(), "http://localhost:8080/Service1.svc");
            //IService1 o = factory.CreateChannel();

            //Console.WriteLine("Start:{0}", DateTime.Now);
            //o.Test();
            //Console.WriteLine("End:{0}", DateTime.Now);

            //方法二
            Service1Client o = new Service1Client();

            Console.WriteLine("Start:{0}", DateTime.Now);
            //o.Test();
            Console.WriteLine("End:{0}", DateTime.Now);
            Console.WriteLine("{0}", o.GetData(1));
            Console.ReadLine();
            o.Close();

            //方法一
            //EndpointAddress address = new EndpointAddress("http://localhost:8080/Service1.svc");
            //Binding binding = new WSHttpBinding();
            //Service1Client o = new ConsoleApplication2.ServiceReference1.Service1Client(binding, address);
            //Console.WriteLine("{0}", o.GetData(1));
            //Console.Read();

 

        }
    }
}