ubuntu24.04安装 mysql-5.7.44教程

原创已于 2025-06-16 13:07:59 修改 · 974 阅读

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#ubuntu #mysql

于 2025-06-16 12:58:57 首次发布

查看ubuntu版本

1、下载安装包
   https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
   Product Version: 5.7.44
   Operating System: Linux - Generic
       OS Version: All

2、解压安装包
   tar -xvf mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
   得到：mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
       mysql-test-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

   sudo tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
   得到：mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

3、复制文件到指定目录
   sudo mv mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

4、需改用户归属
   sudo chown $(whoami) /usr/local/mysql

5、初始化数据库
   cd /usr/local/mysql
   sudo bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

提示：bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

6、安装libaio.so
sudo apt-get install libaio1

提示软件包 libaio1 没有可安装候选

7、启用第三方源
   sudo add-apt-repository universe
   sudo apt-get update
   sudo apt-get install libaio1

   还是没有找到安装包

8、查看有没相关的包
   apt search libaio

   ubuntu@ubuntu-PowerEdge-R730xd:/usr/local/mysql$ apt search libaio

libaio-dev/noble-updates 0.3.113-6build1.1 amd64
Linux kernel AIO access library - development files

   libaio1t64/noble-updates 0.3.113-6build1.1 amd64
   Linux kernel AIO access library - shared library

9、安装libaio相关包
   sudo apt-get install libaio-dev libaio1t64

   再次sudo bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
   还是缺libaio

10、使用源码安装libaio
   下载源码libaio-0.3.112.tar.gz
   git clone https://gitee.com/src-oepkgs/libaio.git

   解压源码包
   tar zxvf libaio-0.3.112.tar.gz

   编译
   cd libaio-0.3.112/
   make
   sudo make install

11、重新初始化
   sudo bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
   提示：
   2025-06-13T09:38:18.808416Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
   2025-06-13T09:38:18.811559Z 0 [ERROR] Fatal error: Can't change to run as user 'mysql' ; Please check that the user exists!

2025-06-13T09:38:18.811580Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

12、添加用户
sudo groupadd mysql
sudo useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

13、重新初始化
   sudo bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

   2025-06-13T09:42:20.239574Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
   2025-06-13T09:42:20.375502Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
   2025-06-13T09:42:20.401777Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
   2025-06-13T09:42:20.455024Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: b374940b-483a-11f0-a68a-90b11c1c28ce.
   2025-06-13T09:42:20.455401Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
   2025-06-13T09:42:21.804231Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
   2025-06-13T09:42:21.804244Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
   2025-06-13T09:42:21.807195Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
   2025-06-13T09:42:22.032412Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: rm&smlwKy1Tn

这个加深颜色的就是初始密码

14、复制配置文件：
sudo cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

15、设置环境变量：
在~/.bashrc或/etc/profile中添加以下行：

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
然后运行source ~/.bashrc或重新登录。

16、启动MySQL服务：
   sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start

17、缺少相关库
   ubuntu@ubuntu-PowerEdge-R730xd:~$ mysql
   mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

   创建符号链接
   sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libncurses.so.6.4 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libncurses.so.5

还是缺少libtinfo
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

创建符号链接
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.6.4 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5

17、设置root密码（如果需要）：
   ubuntu@ubuntu-PowerEdge-R730xd:/opt$ mysql -u root -p
   Enter password:rm&smlwKy1Tn
   Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
   Your MySQL connection id is 15
   Server version: 5.7.44

   Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
   affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
   owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

   查看数据库
   mysql> show databases;
   ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

修改密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'test1234';

18、查看mysql服务
   ps -ef|grep mysql
   root 30927 1 0 18:06 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/ubuntu-PowerEdge-R730xd.pid
   mysql 31011 30927 2 18:06 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=ubuntu-PowerEdge-R730xd.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/ubuntu-PowerEdge-R730xd.pid
   ubuntu 31041 25839 0 18:06 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

至此安装OK