更改oracle的字符集————测试有效

开始 - 运行 - 输入cmd 进入命令提示符

输入 sqlplus /nolog

以管理员身份登录sqlplus

SQL> conn /as sysdba

Connected.

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  236000356 bytes

Fixed Size                   451684 bytes

Variable Size             201326592 bytes

Database Buffers           33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set

提示我们的字符集：新字符集必须为旧字符集的超集，这时我们可以跳过超集的检查做更改：

SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;

略

19 rows selected.

重启检查是否更改完成：

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  236000356 bytes

Fixed Size                   451684 bytes

Variable Size             201326592 bytes

Database Buffers           33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;

略

19 rows selected.

四、修改环境变量

设置oracle用户的的环境

linux下修改环境变量（临时）

export NLS_LANG=“SIMPLIFIED Chinese_CHINA.ZHS16GBK”

如果是windows，按照以下方法添加或者修改，在系统变量中添加如下信息：

变量名：NLS_LANG

变量值：SIMPLIFIED Chinese_CHINA.ZHS16GBK

再进行查询，字符集是不是已经更改过来了呢。