Groovyb脚本速成教程

1       内容简介

主要介绍了groovy的常用语法，以便快速上手应用.

 

2       语法介绍

2.1    屏幕输出

println “Hello world!”

println “Hello” + “ world!”

2.2    变量定义

class HelloWorld {   staticvoid main(args) {           def myString = new String("test String")        def myObject = new Object()       int myInt = 8          myObject = 3               println"myString=" + myString        println"myObject=" + myObject        println"myInt=" + myInt   } }

2.3    类定义，函数定义

class HelloWorld {         defvoidtest(){        println"this is test func"     }         def String getString(String input){        println"input=" + input        return"hello," + input     }   staticvoid main(args) {        def hw = new HelloWorld()        hw.test()        println hw.getString("Liuyou")     } }

 

 

2.4    list用法

class HelloWorld {       staticvoid main(args) {       //ArrayList可以动态增加大小   def arrayList = new ArrayList()   arrayList[0] = "dog"   arrayList[1] = "cat"   arrayList[2] = "bird"   for(l in arrayList){        println l + " "     }    //list，不可以动态增加大小   def list = [ "dog", "cat", "bird" ]     for(l in list){        println l + " "       }   //list array   def lists = [[ "liuyou", "22", "M"],["liudehua", "33", "M"]]     for(l in lists){        println l[0] + "-" + l[1] + "-" + l[2]     }   for(l in lists){        for(e in l){           println e        }     }  } }

2.5    map用法

 

class HelloWorld {       staticvoid main(args) {        //显示定义map        def map = new HashMap()        map.put("ID", 12345)        map.put("name", "Liuyou")        map.put("email", "you.liu@alcatel-sbell.com.cn")        println map.get("ID") + "/" + map.get("name") + "/" + map.get("email")        //隐示定义map        def map2 = ["email":"you.liu@alcatel-sbell.com.cn", "name":"Liuyou", "ID":12345]        println map.get("ID") + "/" + map.get("name") + "/" + map.get("email")     } }

 

 

2.6    逻辑语句

2.6.1   if…else…

class HelloWorld {       staticvoid main(args) {        def s = "1234"        if(s == "1234")   println"yes,it is 1234"               def n = 1234        if(n == 123) println"yes, n is 123"        elseif(n == 12) println"yes, n is 12"        elseif(n == 1234)   println"yes, n is 1234"        elseprintln"yes, n is null"     } }

 

2.6.2   switch…case…

class HelloWorld {       staticvoid main(args) {        def s = "1234"        switch(s){        case"1":            println"1";            break;        case"2":            println"2";            break;        case"1234":            println"1234"            break;        default:            println"default"            break;        }     } }

 

2.6.3   while循环

class HelloWorld {       staticvoid main(args) {        int n = 10        while(n){                    println"n=" + n            n --        }     } }

2.6.4   for循环

class HelloWorld {       staticvoid main(args) {        def n = [10,20,30]        for(e in n){                    println"e=" + e        }     } }

 

 

 

 

2.7    try…catch…异常语句

class HelloWorld {         defvoid testException(){        try{            def n = 0;            def m = 2;            def l = m/n        }catch(Exception e){            println e.toString()        }     }     defvoid testThrow(){        thrownew java.lang.ArithmeticException()     }     staticvoid main(args) {        def hw = new HelloWorld()               //除法零异常        hw.testException()        //主动抛出异常        try{            hw.testThrow()        }catch(ArithmeticException e){            println e.toString()        }     } }