题目
给你一个字符串 s ,请你返回满足以下条件的最长子字符串的长度:每个元音字母,即 ‘a’,‘e’,‘i’,‘o’,‘u’ ,在子字符串中都恰好出现了偶数次。
示例 1:
输入:s = "eleetminicoworoep"
输出:13
解释:最长子字符串是 "leetminicowor" ,它包含 e,i,o 各 2 个,以及 0 个 a,u 。
示例 2:
输入:s = "leetcodeisgreat"
输出:5
解释:最长子字符串是 "leetc" ,其中包含 2 个 e 。
示例 3:
输入:s = "bcbcbc"
输出:6
解释:这个示例中,字符串 "bcbcbc" 本身就是最长的,因为所有的元音 a,e,i,o,u 都出现了 0 次。
提示:
1 <= s.length <= 5 x 10^5
s 只包含小写英文字母。
解题思路
Prefix sum, since we only care if vowels appear even times, use xor to add the sum. Use one bit to denote every vowel, if the current sum appears before, we know there’s a substring in the middle of previous position and current position that meets the requirement.
Time complexity:
o
(
n
)
o(n)
o(n)
Space complexity:
o
(
1
)
o(1)
o(1)
代码
class Solution:
def findTheLongestSubstring(self, s: str) -> int:
# a, e, i, o, u
# 0,0,0,0,0
prefix_sum = {0: -1}
res = 0
cur_sum = 0
for i, ch in enumerate(s):
if ch == 'a':
cur_sum ^= 16
elif ch == 'e':
cur_sum ^= 8
elif ch == 'i':
cur_sum ^= 4
elif ch == 'o':
cur_sum ^= 2
elif ch == 'u':
cur_sum ^= 1
res = max(res, i - prefix_sum.get(cur_sum, i))
prefix_sum[cur_sum] = prefix_sum.get(cur_sum, i)
return res