RabbitMQ+Spring配置

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最新推荐文章于 2025-04-11 11:20:46 发布

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分类专栏： RabbitMQ 消息队列

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/sinat_39410753/article/details/107010028

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本文介绍了如何在Spring框架中配置并使用RabbitMQ，包括pom.xml的依赖设置，log4j日志配置，rabbitmq.xml的详细配置，以及生产者如何通过方法发送消息和消费者如何简单地通过Spring XML指定监听方法来接收消息。

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pom.xml

<dependencies>
    <!--rabbitmq-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.30</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.30</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.13</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

千万不要添加原本的rabbitmq依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
	<artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
	<version>4.0.2</version>
</dependency>

否则会出现创建Bean对象失败的错误
Exception in thread “main” org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘template’: Lookup method resolution failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect Class [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate] from ClassLoader [sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2]

log4j

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,Console,Stdout

#Console
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n

log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=INFO
log4j.logger.org.apache=INFO
log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG 

log4j.appender.Stdout = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender  
log4j.appender.Stdout.File = logs/log.log  
log4j.appender.Stdout.Append = true  
log4j.appender.Stdout.Threshold = DEBUG   
log4j.appender.Stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout  
log4j.appender.Stdout.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}  [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ]  %m%n

rabbitmq.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">

    <!--1 定义RabbitMQ连接工厂-->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id = "connectionFactory"
                               host="127.0.0.1"
                               port="5672"
                               username="guest"
                               password="guest"
                               virtual-host="/" />
    <!--2 定义RabbitMQ模板，指定连接工厂以及定义exchange-->
    <rabbit:template id="template" connection-factory="connectionFactory" exchange="fanoutExchange"/>
    <!--MQ的管理，对队列，交换机等进行声明-->
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
    <!--队列，自动声明-->
    <rabbit:queue name="myQueue" auto-declare="true" durable="true"/>
    <!--交换机，自动声明-->
    <rabbit:fanout-exchange name="fanoutExchange" auto-declare="true" durable="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="myQueue"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:fanout-exchange>

    <!--消费者监听队列-->
    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
        <rabbit:listener ref="myConsumer" method="listen" queue-names="myQueue"/>
    </rabbit:listener-container>

    <bean id="myConsumer" class="org.myself.rabbitmq.springRabbitmq.MyConsumer"/>
</beans>

生产者

通过方法convertAndSend发送消息

public class MyProduct {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:rabbitmq.xml");
        RabbitTemplate template = ac.getBean("template",RabbitTemplate.class);
        //发送消息
        template.convertAndSend("Spring msg");
        Thread.sleep(100);
    }
}

消费者

使用Spring框架非常简单，只需要在xml中指定监听方法即可。

public class MyConsumer {
    public void listen(String msg) {
        System.out.println("消费者监听" + msg);
    }
}