iOS 位置相关

后台定位

---

CLLocationManager // 定位管理器

关键设置项：

• desiredAccuracy //准确度

• distanceFilter //采集范围

回调方法：

//位置按照设置，发生变化时触发此方法
func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) 

注意事项：

iOS >= 7.0时，Capabilities中配置开启后台定位功能
iOS >= 8.0时，需要主动请求权限，并且在plist文件中配置NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription、NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription

---

CLGeocoder //位置转码器

关键方法

//根据地理位置名称获得对应的CLPlacemark类
geocodeAddressString(addressString: String, completionHandler: CLGeocodeCompletionHandler)
//根据地理坐标获得对应的CLPlacemark类
reverseGeocodeLocation(location: CLLocation, completionHandler: CLGeocodeCompletionHandler）

---

地图定位

---

MKMapView

关键设置项

• showsScale //是否显示比例尺

• showsCompass //是否显示指南针

• showsTraffic //是否显示路况

• mapType //地图模式：普通模式：Standard；卫星模式：Satellite；混合模式：Hybrid；卫星三维模式：SatelliteFlyover；混合三维模式：HybridFlyover

• camera.pitch //摄像头角度

• centerCoordinate //地图中心点

回调方法

//当位置发生变化时，触发此方法
    optional public func mapView(mapView: MKMapView, didUpdateUserLocation userLocation: MKUserLocation)
//自定义大头针
optional public func mapView(mapView: MKMapView, viewForAnnotation annotation: MKAnnotation) -> MKAnnotationView?
//点击大头针
    optional public func mapView(mapView: MKMapView, annotationView view: MKAnnotationView, calloutAccessoryControlTapped control: UIControl）
//规划的路线
    optional public func mapView(mapView: MKMapView, rendererForOverlay overlay: MKOverlay) -> MKOverlayRenderer

关键方法

粗略计算预计时间距离

    //设置起始点
    let request = MKDirectionsRequest()
    let source = MKMapItem(placemark: MKPlacemark(coordinate:self.currentLocation!, addressDictionary: nil))
    request.source = source
    //设置终点
    let destination = MKMapItem(placemark: MKPlacemark(coordinate:coordinate, addressDictionary: nil))
    request.destination = destination
    //type值为以下一种：
    //驾车：MKDirectionsTransportType.Automobile
    //步行：MKDirectionsTransportType.Walking
    //交通：MKDirectionsTransportType.Transit
    //随意：MKDirectionsTransportType.Any
    request.transportType = type

    let calcuteDirections = MKDirections(request: request)
    let calculateETA = MKDirections(request:request)

    //计算驾车或步行时间
    calcuteDirections.calculateDirectionsWithCompletionHandler { (response, error) in
        if (error == nil) {

            for route in response!.routes {
            //添加线路                    self.locationMapView.addOverlay(route.polyline)
            }
        }
    }
    //计算公共交通时间
    calculateETA.calculateETAWithCompletionHandler { response, error in
        if error == nil {
            if let r = response {
                self.etaInfoAlert(r)
            }
        }
    }

导航

• 苹果地图
  var launchOptions:[String : AnyObject]?

      if (r.transportType == MKDirectionsTransportType.Automobile) {
          launchOptions = [MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeKey:MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeDriving]
      }
      else if (r.transportType == MKDirectionsTransportType.Walking) {
          launchOptions = [MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeKey:MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeWalking]
      }
      else if (r.transportType == MKDirectionsTransportType.Transit) {
          launchOptions = [MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeKey:MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeTransit]
      }
  
      r.destination.openInMapsWithLaunchOptions(launchOptions)
  

• 百度地图

       if (r.transportType == MKDirectionsTransportType.Automobile) {
          modelString = "driving"
      }
      else if (r.transportType == MKDirectionsTransportType.Walking) {
          modelString = "walking"
      }
      else if (r.transportType == MKDirectionsTransportType.Transit) {
          modelString = "transit"
      }
  
      let urlString = NSString(format: "baidumap://map/direction?origin=%f,%f&destination=%f,%f&mode=%@&src=pylocation",(self.currentLocation?.latitude)!,(self.currentLocation?.longitude)!, r.destination.placemark.coordinate.latitude, r.destination.placemark.coordinate.longitude,modelString!)
  
      UIApplication.sharedApplication().openURL(NSURL(string: urlString as String)!)
  

• 高德地图

       if (r.transportType == MKDirectionsTransportType.Automobile) {
          model = 0
      }
      else if (r.transportType == MKDirectionsTransportType.Walking) {
          model = 2
      }
      else if (r.transportType == MKDirectionsTransportType.Transit) {
          model = 1
      }
  
      let urlString = NSString(format: "iosamap://path?sourceApplication=pylocation&sid=currentlocation&did=destination&dlat=%f&dlon=%f&dev=0&t=%d&m=0",r.destination.placemark.coordinate.latitude,r.destination.placemark.coordinate.longitude,model)
  
      UIApplication.sharedApplication().openURL(NSURL(string: urlString as String)!)
  

demo GitHub地址：https://github.com/piang/iOSLocation