several ways to solve np-complete problems

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-18 19:20:04 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-07-18 19:20:04 发布

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分类专栏：计算理论文章标签： algorithm input parameters structure search

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本文探讨了针对NP完全问题的算法优化策略，包括近似算法、随机化算法、输入限制、参数化算法及启发式算法等方法。这些技术有助于在特定条件下提高算法效率。

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At present, all known algorithms for NP-complete problems require time that is superpolynomial in the input size, and it is unknown whether there are any faster algorithms.

The following techniques can be applied to solve computational problems in general, and they often give rise to substantially faster algorithms:

    1 Approximation: Instead of searching for an optimal solution, search for an "almost" optimal one.
    2 Randomization: Use randomness to get a faster average running time, and allow the algorithm to fail with some small probability. See Monte Carlo method.
    3 Restriction: By restricting the structure of the input (e.g., to planar graphs), faster algorithms are usually possible.
    4 Parameterization: Often there are fast algorithms if certain parameters of the input are fixed.
    5 Heuristic: An algorithm that works "reasonably well" in many cases, but for which there is no proof that it is both always fast and always produces a good result. Metaheuristic approaches are often used.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NP-complete