coursesa Python 3 Reading and Processing a File ，文件的处理和读写

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本文详细介绍使用Python进行文件读取的基本步骤：首先利用with和open打开文件，然后使用readlines()获取文件所有行到列表中，接着遍历列表处理每一行数据，最后在循环外继续编写后续代码。with语句确保文件在操作完成后自动关闭。

#1. Open the file using with and open.

#2. Use .readlines() to get a list of the lines of text in the file.

#3. Use a for loop to iterate through the strings in the list, each being one line from the file. On each iteration, process that line of text

#4. When you are done extracting data from the file, continue writing your code outside of the indentation. Using with will automatically close the file once the program exits the with block.

fname = "yourfile.txt"
with open(fname, 'r') as fileref:         # step 1
    lines = fileref.readlines()           # 小文件先读取，大文件再迭代中读取
    for lin in lines:                     # step 3
        #some code that references the variable lin
#some other code not relying on fileref   # step 4