用C语言实现贪吃蛇小游戏-优快云博客

snake.h

#pragma once
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>

#define POS_X 24
#define POS_Y 5

#define WALL L'□'
#define BODY L'●'
#define FOOD L'★'

//类型的声明
//蛇的方向
enum DIRECTION
{
	UP = 1,
	DOWN,
	LEFT,
	RIGHT
};

//蛇的状态
//正常、撞墙、撞到自己、正常退出
enum GAME_STATUS
{
	OK,  //正常
	KILL_BY_WALL,  //撞墙
	KILL_BY_SELF,  //撞到自己
	END_NORMAL  //正常退出
};

//蛇身的节点类型
typedef struct SnakeNode
{
	//坐标
	int x;
	int y;
	//指向下一个节点的指针
	struct SnakeNode* next;
}SnakeNode, * pSnakeNode;
//typedef struct SnakeNode* pSnakeNode;

//贪吃蛇
typedef struct Snake
{
	pSnakeNode _pSnake;//指向蛇头的指针
	pSnakeNode _pFood;//指向食物节点的指针
	enum DIRECTION _dir;//指向蛇的方向
	enum GAME_STATUS _status;//游戏的状态
	int _food_weight;//一个食物的分数
	int _score;//总成绩
	int _sleep_time;//休息时间-时间越短，速度越快；时间越长，速度越慢
}Snake, * pSnake;

//函数的声明
//定位光标位置
void SetPos(short x, short y);
//游戏的初始化
void GameStart(pSnake ps);

//欢迎界面的打印
void WelcomeToGame();

//创建地图
void CreateMap();

//初始化蛇身
void InitSnake(pSnake ps);

//创建食物
void CreateFood(pSnake ps);

//游戏运行的逻辑
void GameRun(pSnake ps);

//蛇的移动-走一步
void SnakeMove(pSnake ps);

//判断下一个坐标是否是食物
int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);

//下一个位置是食物就吃掉
void EatFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);

//下一个位置不是食物
void NoFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);

//检测蛇是否撞墙
void KillByWall(pSnake ps);

//检测蛇是否撞到自己
void KillBySelf(pSnake ps);

//游戏善后的工作
void GameEnd(pSnake ps);

snake.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

#include "snake.h"

void SetPos(short x, short y)
{

	//获得标准输出设备的句柄
	HANDLE houtput = NULL;
	houtput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);

	//定位光标的位置
	COORD pos = { x,y };
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(houtput, pos);
}

void WelcomeToGame()
{
	SetPos(40, 14);
	wprintf(L"欢迎来到贪吃蛇小游戏\n");
	SetPos(42, 20);
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
	SetPos(40, 14);
	wprintf(L"用↑.↓.←.→来控制蛇的移动，按F3加速，F4减速\n");
	SetPos(40, 15);
	wprintf(L"加速能够得到更高的分数\n");	
	SetPos(42, 20);
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

void CreateMap()
{
	//上
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0;i < 57;i++)
	{
		wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);
	}

	//下
	SetPos(0, 26);
	for (i = 0;i < 57;i++)
	{
		wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);
	}

	//左
	for (i = 1;i <= 25;i++)
	{
		SetPos(0, i);
		wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);
	}

	//右
	for (i = 1;i <= 25;i++)
	{
		SetPos(56, i);
		wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);
	}
}

void InitSnake(pSnake ps)
{
	int i = 0;
	pSnakeNode cur = NULL;

	for (i = 0;i < 5;i++)
	{
		cur = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
		if (cur == NULL)
		{
			perror("InitSnake()::malloc");
			return;
		}
		cur->next = NULL;
		cur->x = POS_X + i;
		cur->y = POS_Y;

		//头插法插入链表
		if (ps->_pSnake == NULL)  //空链表
		{
			ps->_pSnake = cur;
		}
		else  //非空
		{
			cur->next = ps->_pSnake;
			ps->_pSnake = cur;
		}
	}

	cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur)
	{
		SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
		wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);
		cur = cur->next;
	}

	//设置贪吃蛇的属性
	ps->_dir = RIGHT;//默认向右
	ps->_score = 0;
	ps->_food_weight = 10;
	ps->_sleep_time = 200;//单位毫秒
	ps->_status = OK;
}

void CreateFood(pSnake ps)
{
	int x = 0;
	int y = 0;

	//生成x是2的倍数
	//x:2~54
	//y:1~25
again:
	do
	{
		x = rand() % 53 + 2;
		y = rand() % 25 + 1;
	} while (x % 2 != 0);

	//x和y的坐标不能和蛇的身体坐标冲突
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur)
	{
		if (x == cur->x && y == cur->y)
		{
			goto again;
		}
		cur = cur->next;
	}

	//创建食物的节点
	pSnakeNode pFood = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
	if (pFood == NULL)
	{
		perror("CreateFood()::malloc");
		return;
	}
	pFood->x = x;
	pFood->y = y;
	pFood->next = NULL;

	SetPos(x, y);
	wprintf(L"%lc", FOOD);

	ps->_pFood = pFood;
}

void GameStart(pSnake ps)
{
	//0.先设置窗口的大小，再隐藏光标
	system("mode con cols=100 lines=30");
	system("title 贪吃蛇");
	HANDLE houtput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	//隐藏光标操作
	CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;
	GetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &CursorInfo);//获取光标信息
	CursorInfo.bVisible = false;//隐藏控制台光标
	SetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &CursorInfo);//设置控制台光标状态

	//1.打印欢迎界面和功能介绍
	WelcomeToGame();
	//2.绘制地图
	CreateMap();
	//3.创建蛇
	InitSnake(ps);
	//4.创建食物
	CreateFood(ps);
}

PrintHelpInfo()
{
	SetPos(64, 10);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"不能穿墙,不能咬到自己");	
	SetPos(64, 11);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"用↑.↓.←.→来控制蛇的移动");
	SetPos(64, 12);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"按F3加速，F4减速");
	SetPos(64, 13);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"按ESC退出游戏，按space暂停游戏");
	SetPos(64, 15);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"版权归ZYC所有");
}

//结果是1表示按过
//结果是0表示未按过
#define KEY_PRESS(vk) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk)&1)?1:0)

void Pause()
{
	while (1)
	{
		Sleep(200);
		if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE))
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}

int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{
	if (ps->_pFood->x == pn->x && ps->_pFood->y == pn->y)
		return 1;
	else
		return 0;
}

void EatFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{
	//头插法
	ps->_pFood->next = ps->_pSnake;
	ps->_pSnake = ps->_pFood;

	//释放下一个位置的节点
	free(pn);
	pn = NULL;
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;

	//打印
	while (cur)
	{
		SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
		wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);
		cur = cur->next;
	}
	ps->_score += ps->_food_weight;

	//重新创建食物
	CreateFood(ps);
}

void NoFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{
	//头插法
	pn->next = ps->_pSnake;
	ps->_pSnake = pn;

	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur->next->next != NULL)
	{
		SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
		wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);
		cur = cur->next;
	}

	//把最后一个节点打印成空格
	SetPos(cur->next->x, cur->next->y);
	printf(" ");

	//释放最后一个节点
	free(cur->next);

	//把倒数第二个节点的地址置为空
	cur->next = NULL;
}

void KillByWall(pSnake ps)
{
	if (ps->_pSnake->x == 0 || ps->_pSnake->x == 56 || ps->_pSnake->y == 0 || ps->_pSnake->y == 26)
	{
		ps->_status = KILL_BY_WALL;
	}
}

void KillBySelf(pSnake ps)
{
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake->next;
	while (cur)
	{
		if (cur->x == ps->_pSnake->x && cur->y == ps->_pSnake->y)
		{
			ps->_status = KILL_BY_SELF;
			break;
		}
		cur = cur->next;
	}
}

void SnakeMove(pSnake ps)
{
	//创建一个节点-表示蛇即将到的下一个节点
	pSnakeNode pNextNode = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
	if (pNextNode == NULL)
	{
		perror("SnakeMove()::malloc");
		return;
	}

	switch (ps->_dir)
	{
	case UP:
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y - 1;
		break;
	case DOWN:
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y + 1;
		break;

	case LEFT:
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x - 1;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;
		break;
	case RIGHT:
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x + 1;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;
		break;
	}

	//检测下一个坐标处是否是食物
	if (NextIsFood(pNextNode, ps))
	{
		EatFood(pNextNode, ps);
	}
	else
	{
		NoFood(pNextNode, ps);
	}

	//检测蛇是否撞墙
	KillByWall(ps);
	//检测蛇是否撞到自己
	KillBySelf(ps);
}

void GameRun(pSnake ps)
{
	//打印帮助信息
	PrintHelpInfo();
	do
	{
		//打印总分数和食物的分值
		SetPos(64, 5);
		printf("总分数:%d\n", ps->_score);
		SetPos(64, 6);
		printf("当前食物的分数:%2d\n", ps->_food_weight);

		if (KEY_PRESS(VK_UP) && ps->_dir != DOWN)
		{
			ps->_dir = UP;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_DOWN) && ps->_dir != UP)
		{
			ps->_dir = DOWN;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_LEFT) && ps->_dir != RIGHT)
		{
			ps->_dir = LEFT;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_RIGHT) && ps->_dir != LEFT)
		{
			ps->_dir = RIGHT;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE))
		{
			//暂停
			Pause();
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_ESCAPE))
		{
			//退出游戏
			ps->_status = END_NORMAL;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F3))
		{
			//加速
			if (ps->_sleep_time > 80)
			{
				ps->_sleep_time -= 30;
				ps->_food_weight += 2;
			}
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F4))
		{
			//减速
			if (ps->_food_weight > 2)
			{
				ps->_sleep_time += 30;
				ps->_food_weight -= 2;
			}
		}

		SnakeMove(ps);//贪吃蛇走一步的过程
		Sleep(ps->_sleep_time);
	} while (ps->_status == OK);
}

void GameEnd(pSnake ps)
{
	SetPos(24, 12);
	switch (ps->_status)
	{
	case END_NORMAL:
		printf("已主动结束游戏\n");
		break;
	case KILL_BY_WALL:
		printf("您撞到了墙上,游戏结束\n");
		break;
	case KILL_BY_SELF:
		printf("您撞到了自己,游戏结束\n");
		break;
	}

	//释放蛇身的链表
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur)
	{
		pSnakeNode del = cur;
		cur = cur->next;
		free(del);
	}
}

test.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <locale.h>
#include "snake.h"

//完成的是游戏的测试逻辑
void test()
{
	int ch = 0;
	do
	{
		//system("cls");
		//创建贪吃蛇
		Snake snake = { 0 };

		//初始化游戏
		//1.打印欢迎界面
		//2.功能介绍
		//3.绘制地图
		//4.创建蛇
		//5.创建食物
		//6.设置游戏的相关信息
		GameStart(&snake);

		//运行游戏
		GameRun(&snake);

		//结束游戏 - 善后工作
		GameEnd(&snake);
		SetPos(20, 15);
		printf("再来一局吗?(Y/N):");
		ch = getchar();
		getchar();

	} while (ch == 'Y' || ch == 'y');
	SetPos(0, 27);
}

int main()
{
	//设置适配本地环境
	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
	test();

	return 0;
}