lvs+keepliaved+mariadb集群安装

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-18 19:45:25 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-06-18 19:45:25 发布 · 698 阅读

4 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#linux #负载均衡 #服务器 #centos

运维及部署同时被 2 个专栏收录

87 篇文章

订阅专栏

云维护及交付技术

82 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文介绍如何通过Keepalived实现高可用HA集群的搭建过程，包括安装配置Keepalived、设置主从复制、配置虚拟IP漂移及增加集群功能等关键步骤，并最终实现MySQL数据库的高可用性。

环境条件

192.168.10.141	sv10-141	master1
192.168.10.144	sv11-144	master2
192.168.10.145	sv12-145	slave1
192.168.10.146	sv13-146	slave2
192.168.10.143	sv14-143	haproxy

根据博主的文章mysql数据库主从安装，先把master1,master2.slave1,slave2的主从复制做好，其中slave1，slave2从master1，master1和master2互为主从。

安装步骤

1）首先安装keepalived ,使用yum install keepalived -y

2）将配置修改成本文提供的文本。注意文本内容里面的提示信息。

二台机器都需要配置，采用下文，其中提示修改的必须自己修改。这里的#号拷贝的是要注意，换成!, #在这个文件中是非法的。

cat <<EOF > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
#  删除这里的vrrp_strict ,否则虚拟IP不能提供服务。
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
   vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   vrrp_garp_interval 0
   vrrp_gna_interval 0
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
# state 服务器之一为MASTER，另外一个为BACKUP，或者均为BACKUP
    state MASTER
#这里需要通过ifconfig看自己的网卡名称，绑定自己的网卡
    interface eth0
 #这里需要改成和另外一台keepalived的数值一样
    virtual_router_id 52 
#优先级要二台机器的配置文件不一样，keepalived会考虑优先级高的先分配虚拟IP
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
#虚拟IP。用于漂移对外提供统一服务。
        192.168.10.189
    }
}

EOF

3）分别启动master1,master2的机器，可以看到机器master1上有漂移的VIP

[root@sv10-141 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:65:68:30 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.10.141/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 52936sec preferred_lft 52936sec
    inet 192.168.10.189/32 scope global eth0

在master1上执行systemctl stop keepalived,到master2机器上查看，会发现网卡上绑定了VIP，漂移成功。

[root@sv11-144 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:65:68:31 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.10.144/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 53010sec preferred_lft 53010sec
    inet 192.168.10.189/32 scope global eth0

测试mysql数据，从vip 192.168.10.189上测试


[root@sv11-144 ~]# mysql -uslave -p -h192.168.10.189
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

高可用测试成功。

增加集群功能

将如下代码添加到keepalived的尾部，关联虚拟服务器和真实服务器的功能

cat <<EOF >> /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
virtual_server 192.168.10.189 3306 {
    delay_loop 6
    protocol TCP
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    real_server 192.168.10.141 3306 {
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            connect_port 3306
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
    real_server 192.168.10.144 3306 {
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            connect_port 3306
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}
EOF

由于我们使用了DR模式，因此需要阻止eth0上的arp回馈消息，编辑如下代码作为启用或者停止arp相应的脚本

mkdir -p ~/bin
cat <<EOF >~/bin/arpctl.sh
#!/bin/bash
VIP=192.168.10.189
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

case "$1" in
start)
       /sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $VIP
       /sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0
       echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
       echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
       echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
       echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
       sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
       echo "RealServer Start OK"
       ;;
stop)
       /sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
       /sbin/route del $VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
       echo "RealServer Stoped"
       ;;
*)
       echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
       exit 1
esac
EOF
chmod 755 ~/bin/arpctl.sh

在二台机器上执行arpctl start

重启keepalived

~/bin/arpctl.sh start 
systemctl restart keepalived

使用mysql测试，使用select @@hostname 获取当前的数据库的主机信息以便区分是否再切换不同的mysql服务器

[root@sv11-144 bin]# mysql -uslave -p -h192.168.10.189
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2464
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> select host from information_schema.processlist;
+----------------------+
| host                 |
+----------------------+
| 192.168.10.189:55314 |
| sv10-141:45664       |
+----------------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye

成功