背景需求：
1、黑色描边没有在透明与非透明的交界线上，而是向外扩展了10磅，所以原始的灰色边缘还是显示了。
解决方向：把黑色描边画在边界线上，如果线宽10磅，透明部分5磅、非透明部分5磅
2、三色图有三色（透明、黑色、蓝色），黑色与蓝色之间的边线也是灰色的。
解决方向：只显示透明、黑色、白色，其他灰色不要。
【教学类-102-11】蝴蝶外轮廓01——Python对黑白图片进行PS填充三种颜色+图案描边+图案填充白色+制作1图2图6图24图-优快云博客文章浏览阅读899次，点赞25次，收藏6次。【教学类-102-11】蝴蝶外轮廓01——Python对黑白图片进行PS填充三种颜色+图案描边+图案填充白色+制作1图2图6图24图
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/reasonsummer/article/details/147234191?spm=1011.2415.3001.5331
关键词
'''
优化版
剪纸外轮廓描边虚线制作（黑点虚线）沿线剪——最终稳定版
将图片变成三色（透明、黑色、蓝色)
先把255白背景图片背景部分白色放大，然后（蝴蝶)做成透明图，及点状虚线,透明\切边\统一大小,保存1图2图4图24图,虚线与上下左右有空隙
黑线在透明与非透明交界线上，透明部分5磅，非透明不放呢5磅，
将非透明部分改成纯白色，没有任何灰色。
deepseek,阿夏
20250415
'''
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
import os
import math
print('------0、基本信息-----')
# 主路径
path = r'C:\Users\jg2yXRZ\OneDrive\桌面\20250401边缘线剪纸'
a='15'
b='蝴蝶三色'
c='实线黑边白色图'
all=path+fr'\{a}{b}合并图'
# 参数设置
white_border_width = 10 # 黑边宽度（像素）
transparent_edge = 20 # 裁剪时不保留额外透明边距
target_width = 2000 # 统一宽度
target_height = 2000 # 统一高度
background_expand = 1000 # 白色背景放大尺寸
# 定义文件夹路径
in_folder = os.path.join(path,f'{a}_01{b}白背景') # 原始图片（白背景）
big_folder = os.path.join(path, f'{a}_02{b}{c}放大背景') # 放大背景输出
transparent_folder = os.path.join(path, f'{a}_03{b}{c}透明背景') # 透明背景输出
output_folder = os.path.join(path, f'{a}_04{b}{c}黑边轮廓') # 最终输出
input_folder = output_folder # 原始图片文件夹
cropped_folder = os.path.join(path,f'{a}_05{b}{c}切边') # 裁剪后的透明图片
final_folder = os.path.join(path,f'{a}_06{b}{c}切边统一图')
# 创建输出文件夹
os.makedirs(all, exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(output_folder,exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(big_folder,exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(cropped_folder, exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(final_folder , exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(transparent_folder, exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(output_folder, exist_ok=True)
print('------1、白色PNG背景放大一点-----')
# 遍历输入文件夹中的所有PNG文件
for filename in os.listdir(in_folder):
if filename.lower().endswith('.png'):
# 打开原始图片
input_path = os.path.join(in_folder, filename)
with Image.open(input_path) as img:
original_width, original_height = img.size
# 创建新画布（长宽各+200，白色背景）
new_width = original_width + background_expand
new_height = original_height + background_expand
new_image = Image.new('RGB', (new_width, new_height), (255, 255, 255))
# 计算粘贴位置（居中）
paste_x = (new_width - original_width) // 2
paste_y = (new_height - original_height) // 2
# 将原始图片粘贴到新画布上
new_image.paste(img, (paste_x, paste_y), img if img.mode == 'RGBA' else None)
# 保存结果
big_path = os.path.join(big_folder, filename)
new_image.save(big_path)
print('------2、白色PNG背景变成透明-----')
def process_image_to_transparent(file_path):
img = Image.open(file_path)
img = img.convert("RGBA")
datas = img.getdata()
new_data = []
for item in datas:
if item[0] == 255 and item[1] == 255 and item[2] == 255:
new_data.append((255, 255, 255, 0))
elif item[0] == 254 and item[1] == 255 and item[2] == 255:
new_data.append((254, 255, 255, 0))
else:
new_data.append(item)
img.putdata(new_data)
return img
print("正在转换白背景为透明背景...")
for file_name in os.listdir(big_folder):
if file_name.lower().endswith((".png", ".jpg", ".jpeg")):
input_file_path = os.path.join(big_folder, file_name)
output_file_path = os.path.join(transparent_folder, file_name)
processed_image = process_image_to_transparent(input_file_path)
processed_image.save(output_file_path)
print(f"已处理: {file_name}")
print('------3、添加黑色实线轮廓-----')
print('------3、添加黑色实线轮廓-----')
white_border_width = 10 # 总黑边宽度（像素），透明部分5px，非透明部分5px
def convert_to_white(image):
"""将所有非透明像素强制转换为纯白色，并确保完全透明像素为(0,0,0,0)"""
img = image.convert("RGBA")
datas = img.getdata()
new_data = []
for item in datas:
if item[3] > 0: # 不透明像素
new_data.append((255, 255, 255, 255)) # 纯白
else:
new_data.append((0, 0, 0, 0)) # 完全透明
img.putdata(new_data)
return img
def get_edge_pixels(image):
"""获取图像中不透明像素与透明像素交界的边缘像素坐标"""
edge_pixels = []
pixels = image.load()
width, height = image.size
for y in range(height):
for x in range(width):
if pixels[x, y][3] > 0: # 不透明像素
for dx, dy in [(-1,0),(1,0),(0,-1),(0,1)]: # 4邻域检查
nx, ny = x+dx, y+dy
if 0 <= nx < width and 0 <= ny < height:
if pixels[nx, ny][3] == 0: # 邻域透明
edge_pixels.append((x, y))
break
return edge_pixels
def create_border_mask(edge_pixels, width, height):
"""创建边框遮罩，使边框位于透明与非透明交界中间"""
# 创建两个扩展区域：向内5px和向外5px
inner_pixels = set()
outer_pixels = set()
for x, y in edge_pixels:
# 向内扩展5px（非透明区域）
for dy in range(-5, 6):
for dx in range(-5, 6):
nx, ny = x+dx, y+dy
if 0 <= nx < width and 0 <= ny < height:
dist = (dx**2 + dy**2)**0.5
if dist <= 5:
inner_pixels.add((nx, ny))
# 向外扩展5px（透明区域）
for dy in range(-5, 6):
for dx in range(-5, 6):
nx, ny = x+dx, y+dy
if 0 <= nx < width and 0 <= ny < height:
dist = (dx**2 + dy**2)**0.5
if dist <= 5:
outer_pixels.add((nx, ny))
# 合并两个区域得到10px宽的边框
border_pixels = inner_pixels.union(outer_pixels)
return border_pixels
def draw_centered_border(image, border_pixels):
"""绘制居中于边缘的10px宽黑色边框"""
border_layer = Image.new('RGBA', image.size, (0, 0, 0, 0))
pixels = border_layer.load()
# 标记所有边框像素为黑色
for x, y in border_pixels:
pixels[x, y] = (0, 0, 0, 255)
return border_layer
def add_centered_border(input_path, output_path):
"""处理单个图像，添加居中黑色边框"""
original = Image.open(input_path).convert('RGBA')
# 1. 先将所有非透明部分转为纯白色
white_image = convert_to_white(original)
width, height = white_image.size
# 2. 获取原始边缘
edge_pixels = get_edge_pixels(white_image)
# 3. 创建居中边框遮罩
border_pixels = create_border_mask(edge_pixels, width, height)
# 4. 绘制黑色边框
border_layer = draw_centered_border(white_image, border_pixels)
# 5. 合成结果（黑色边框在白色图像上方）
result = Image.alpha_composite(white_image, border_layer)
# 6. 最终清理，确保只有纯黑、纯白或透明
result_data = result.getdata()
final_data = []
for item in result_data:
if item[3] == 0: # 透明
final_data.append((0, 0, 0, 0))
elif item[:3] == (0, 0, 0): # 黑色
final_data.append((0, 0, 0, 255))
else: # 白色
final_data.append((255, 255, 255, 255))
result.putdata(final_data)
result.save(output_path, format='PNG')
print(f"已添加居中黑边: {os.path.basename(input_path)}")
# 处理所有透明背景图片，添加居中黑色边框
for file_name in os.listdir(transparent_folder):
if file_name.lower().endswith('.png'):
input_path = os.path.join(transparent_folder, file_name)
output_path = os.path.join(output_folder, file_name)
add_centered_border(input_path, output_path)
# def get_edge_pixels(image):
# """获取图像中不透明像素与透明像素交界的边缘像素坐标"""
# edge_pixels = []
# pixels = image.load()
# width, height = image.size
# for y in range(height):
# for x in range(width):
# if pixels[x, y][3] > 0: # 不透明像素
# for dx, dy in [(-1,0),(1,0),(0,-1),(0,1)]:
# nx, ny = x+dx, y+dy
# if 0 <= nx < width and 0 <= ny < height:
# if pixels[nx, ny][3] == 0: # 邻域透明
# edge_pixels.append((x, y))
# break
# return edge_pixels
# def expand_edge_pixels(edge_pixels, distance, width, height):
# """扩展边缘像素坐标到指定距离"""
# expanded_pixels = set()
# for x, y in edge_pixels:
# for dy in range(-distance, distance+1):
# for dx in range(-distance, distance+1):
# nx, ny = x+dx, y+dy
# if 0 <= nx < width and 0 <= ny < height:
# expanded_pixels.add((nx, ny))
# return expanded_pixels
# def get_contour_pixels(border_pixels, width, height):
# """获取白边区域的外轮廓像素（使用边缘追踪算法）"""
# start_point = None
# for y in range(height):
# for x in range(width):
# if (x,y) in border_pixels:
# start_point = (x,y)
# break
# if start_point:
# break
# if not start_point:
# return []
# contour = []
# current = start_point
# previous = (current[0]-1, current[1])
# directions = [
# (0, -1), (1, -1), (1, 0), (1, 1),
# (0, 1), (-1, 1), (-1, 0), (-1, -1)
# ]
# while True:
# contour.append(current)
# found = False
# start_dir = (directions.index((previous[0]-current[0], previous[1]-current[1])) + 1) % 8
# for i in range(8):
# dir_idx = (start_dir + i) % 8
# dx, dy = directions[dir_idx]
# neighbor = (current[0]+dx, current[1]+dy)
# if 0 <= neighbor[0] < width and 0 <= neighbor[1] < height:
# if neighbor in border_pixels:
# previous = current
# current = neighbor
# found = True
# break
# if not found or current == start_point:
# break
# return contour
# def draw_solid_border(image, contour, border_width):
# """在轮廓上绘制实心黑边"""
# border_layer = Image.new('RGBA', image.size, (0, 0, 0, 0))
# draw = ImageDraw.Draw(border_layer)
# if len(contour) < 2:
# return border_layer
# # 绘制粗实线
# for i in range(len(contour)):
# p1 = contour[i]
# p2 = contour[(i+1)%len(contour)]
# draw.line([p1, p2], fill=(0, 0, 0, 255), width=border_width)
# return border_layer
# def add_solid_border(input_path, output_path):
# """处理单个图像，添加实线黑色边框"""
# original = Image.open(input_path).convert('RGBA')
# # 复制原来的图像
# original_copy = original.copy()
# width, height = original.size
# # 获取边缘并扩展黑边区域
# edge_pixels = get_edge_pixels(original)
# border_pixels = expand_edge_pixels(edge_pixels, white_border_width, width, height)
# # 获取精确的外轮廓
# contour = get_contour_pixels(border_pixels, width, height)
# # 绘制实心黑边
# border_layer = draw_solid_border(original, contour, white_border_width)
# # 合成结果
# result = Image.alpha_composite(original, border_layer)
# # 复制原图
# result = Image.alpha_composite(result, original_copy)
# result.save(output_path, format='PNG')
# print(f"已添加{c}轮廓: {os.path.basename(input_path)}")
# # 处理所有透明背景图片，添加黑色实线轮廓
# for file_name in os.listdir(transparent_folder):
#
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