树状数组（一维+二维）模板

一维树状数组

单点更新，区间查询

void update(int x,int y,int n){
    for(int i=x;i<=n;i+=lowbit(i))    //x为更新的位置,y为更新后的数,n为数组最大值
        c[i] += y;
}
int getsum(int x){
    int ans = 0;
    for(int i=x;i;i-=lowbit(i))
        ans += c[i];
    return ans;
}

区间修改，单点查询

void add(int p, int x){ //这个函数用来在树状数组中直接修改
    while(p <= n) sum[p] += x, p += p & -p;//sum[]为原数组的差分数组
}
void range_add(int l, int r, int x){ //给区间[l, r]加上x
    add(l, x), add(r + 1, -x);
}
int ask(int p){ //单点查询
    int res = 0;
    while(p) res += sum[p], p -= p & -p;
    return res;
}

区间修改，区间查询

void add(ll p, ll x){
    for(int i = p; i <= n; i += i & -i)
        sum1[i] += x, sum2[i] += x * p;//sum1[]为原数组的差分数组
}
void range_add(ll l, ll r, ll x){
    add(l, x), add(r + 1, -x);
}
ll ask(ll p){
    ll res = 0;
    for(int i = p; i; i -= i & -i)
        res += (p + 1) * sum1[i] - sum2[i];
    return res;
}
ll range_ask(ll l, ll r){
    return ask(r) - ask(l - 1);
}

二维树状数组

单点修改+区间查询

void add(int x, int y, int z){ //将点(x, y)加上z
    int memo_y = y;
    while(x <= n){
        y = memo_y;
        while(y <= n)
            tree[x][y] += z, y += y & -y;
        x += x & -x;
    }
}
int ask(int x, int y){//求左上角为(1,1)右下角为(x,y) 的矩阵和
    int res = 0, memo_y = y;
    while(x){
        y = memo_y;
        while(y)
            res += tree[x][y], y -= y & -y;
        x -= x & -x;
    }
    return res;
}

区间修改+单点查询

void add(int x, int y, int z){ 
    int memo_y = y;
    while(x <= n){
        y = memo_y;
        while(y <= n)
            tree[x][y] += z, y += y & -y;
        x += x & -x;
    }
}
void range_add(int xa, int ya, int xb, int yb, int z){
    add(xa, ya, z);
    add(xa, yb + 1, -z);
    add(xb + 1, ya, -z);
    add(xb + 1, yb + 1, z);
}
int ask(int x, int y){
    int res = 0, memo_y = y;
    while(x){
        y = memo_y;
        while(y)
            res += tree[x][y], y -= y & -y;
        x -= x & -x;
    }
    return res;
}

区间修改+区间查询

void add(ll x, ll y, ll z){
    for(int X = x; X <= n; X += X & -X)
        for(int Y = y; Y <= m; Y += Y & -Y){
            t1[X][Y] += z;
            t2[X][Y] += z * x;
            t3[X][Y] += z * y;
            t4[X][Y] += z * x * y;
        }
}
void range_add(ll xa, ll ya, ll xb, ll yb, ll z){ //(xa, ya) 到 (xb, yb) 的矩形
    add(xa, ya, z);
    add(xa, yb + 1, -z);
    add(xb + 1, ya, -z);
    add(xb + 1, yb + 1, z);
}
ll ask(ll x, ll y){
    ll res = 0;
    for(int i = x; i; i -= i & -i)
        for(int j = y; j; j -= j & -j)
            res += (x + 1) * (y + 1) * t1[i][j]
                - (y + 1) * t2[i][j]
                - (x + 1) * t3[i][j]
                + t4[i][j];
    return res;
}
ll range_ask(ll xa, ll ya, ll xb, ll yb){
    return ask(xb, yb) - ask(xb, ya - 1) - ask(xa - 1, yb) + ask(xa - 1, ya - 1);
}

参考博客：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/bestsort/article/details/80796531