SpringMVC配置教程：JavavsXML-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_70172010/article/details/134634036

1.概述

这是一个简单的Spring MVC，展示了如何用基于Java的配置和XML配置来设置Spring MVC项目。

2.什么是Spring Mvc？

它是Spring框架的一个模块，用于处理模型-视图-控制器或MVC模式。

3.Spring Mvc基于Java配置

通过Java配置类来启用Spring Mvc，因此添加@EnableWebMvc

@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class WebConfig {

    //.........
}

注册控制器和映射、类型转换器、验证支持、消息转换器和异常处理需实现WebMvcConfigurer接口来配置

@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

   @Override
   public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
      registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
   }

   @Bean
   public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
      InternalResourceViewResolver bean = new InternalResourceViewResolver();

      bean.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
      bean.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
      bean.setSuffix(".jsp");

      return bean;
   }
}

其中卫门注册了一个ViewResolver bean，而它会从目录/WEB-INF/views/下来返回.jsp视图

定义和扫控制器类，添加注解@ComponentScan

@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.cqgcxy.controller")
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    // ......
}

4.Spring Mvc基于XML配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.cqgcxy.controller"/>

    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

这是使用XML来配置springmvc.xml,另外在创建的maven项目中需要引入web项目来添加web.xml去引导程序。

5.控制器和视图

控制器相关示例

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello() {
        System.out.println("hello···");
        return "hello";
    }
}

视图相关示例

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
Hello SpringMVC!
</body>
</html>

6.Spring Mvc相关依赖

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.20</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>