【OSPF综合实验】

ospf的MGRE实验（基础版本）

题目要求

实验思路

提示：这里可以添加技术整体架构

首先要划分私网IP地址。考虑到以后每个区域的路由可以路由汇总，那么需要为每个区域划分一个大网段。图中有area0、area1、area2、area3、area4和rip共6个区域，所以将172.16.0.0/16划分为172.16.0.0/19、172.16.32.0/19、172.16.64.0/19、172.16.96.0/19、172.16.128.0/19、172.16.160.0/19分别为这六个区域的网段，剩余两个网段备用。每个区域内又分为P2P骨干链路、MA骨干链路、末梢链路，更具体的划分见下表：

实验过程

配置ip

[r1]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.1 29
[r1]int LoopBack 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.34.1 24

[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.2 29
[r2]int LoopBack 0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.35.1 24

[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.3 29
[r3]int LoopBack 0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.36.1 24
[r3]int Serial 4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.2 24

[r4]int s4/0/0
[r4-Serial3/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.1 24
[r4]int s3/0/1
[r4-Serial3/0/1]ip address 45.1.1.1 24
[r4]int s4/0/0
[r4-Serial4/0/0]ip address 46.1.1.1 24
[r4-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[r4-Serial4/0/1]ip address 47.1.1.1 24
[r4]int LoopBack 0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 44.44…44.44 24

[r5]int s4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip address 45.0.0.2 24
[r5]int LoopBack 0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.2.1 24

[r6]int s4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.2 24
[r6]int LoopBack 0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.3.1 24
[r6]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.1 29

[r7]int s4/0/1
[r7-Serial4/0/1]ip address 47.0.0.2 24
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/10ip address 172.16.97.1 29
[r7]int LoopBack 0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.4.1 24

[r8]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.2 29
[r8]int g0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.9 29
[r8]int LoopBack 0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.98.1 24

[r9]int g0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.10 29
[r9]int g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.129.1 29
[r9]int LoopBack 0
[r9-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.130.1 24

[r10]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.129.2 29
[r10]int LoopBack 0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.131.1 24

[r11]int g0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.2 29
[r11]int g0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.65.9 29
[r11]int LoopBack 0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.66.1 24

[r12]int g0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.10 29
[r12]int LoopBack 0
[r12-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.162.1 24
[r12]int LoopBack 1
[r12-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.163.1 24

配置缺省路由

[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2
另外的几个上面差不多

搭建MGRE环境

[r3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.1 29
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.1.1.2
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic

[r5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.2 29
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.1.1.2 register

[r6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.3 29
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.1.1.2 register

[r7]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.4 29
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]sourcesource Serial 4/0/1
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.1.1.2 register

将MGRE环境的隧道接口网络类型改为p2mp类型
（其实改成broadcast也行，我只是想试试）

[r3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
剩余的照此模式即可

配置OSPF和RIP

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.7.255
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q
[r3-ospf-1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]a 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7

[r7-ospf-1]a 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.7.255
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0.0.0

[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.10 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]q
[r9-ospf-1]q
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]a 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255

[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-1]a 4
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.10 0.0.0.0
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]q
[r12-ospf-1]q
[r12]rip
[r12-rip-1]v 2
[r12-rip-1]net
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0 //直接一次性宣告

注意：此时rip的宣告因为是按主类宣告，所以也会将172.16.65.10宣告进rip网络
将rip和area 4重发布到ospf中
[r9]ospf 1

[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1

注意：如果执行失败那么就两个进程都学习一遍

设置缺省：为了使area 4能够到达其他区域，同时为了减少LSA更新量
[r9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise

路由表展示：

ospf汇总[r3]ospf 1

[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0

[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0

[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0

[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0

[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0

注意：在进行 OSPF 路由汇总之前，需要明确汇总点（Summary Point），即选择哪些路由进入汇总。汇总点通常位于 ABR或 ASBR上。

R5的ospf路由表:

发现多了一条本该汇总到172.16.64.0/19的172.16.65.8/29路由，这是由rip重发布进来的。汇总之前该路由是域间路由，而汇总后变为了域外路由，是因为汇总之前相同网段的域间路由的优先级高于域外路由，所以学习域间路由，而汇总后汇总的网段就变了，就学习到了该域外路由。该路由会在后面做完特殊区域后消失。

特殊区域

完全末梢：

[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

area2的完全的非完全末梢区域

[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

[r11]ospf 1
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

area3的完全的非完全末梢区域

[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

[r8]ospf 1
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

防环

[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0
[r6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0
[r9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0
[r12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0