困扰我两个项目的yum镜像源配置！[Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not FoundTrying other mirror.

一、问题描述

今天刚接手了一个服务器，厂家那边已经帮我把系统安装好了。

于是我搭建环境，发现yum报了一个错！

Cleaning repos: base epel extras updates
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/7/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not Found
Trying other mirror.
To address this issue please refer to the below wiki article 

https://wiki.centos.org/yum-errors

If above article doesn't help to resolve this issue please use https://bugs.centos.org/.



 One of the configured repositories failed (CentOS-7 - Base),
 and yum doesn't have enough cached data to continue. At this point the only
 safe thing yum can do is fail. There are a few ways to work "fix" this:

     1. Contact the upstream for the repository and get them to fix the problem.

     2. Reconfigure the baseurl/etc. for the repository, to point to a working
        upstream. This is most often useful if you are using a newer
        distribution release than is supported by the repository (and the
        packages for the previous distribution release still work).

     3. Run the command with the repository temporarily disabled
            yum --disablerepo=base ...

     4. Disable the repository permanently, so yum won't use it by default. Yum
        will then just ignore the repository until you permanently enable it
        again or use --enablerepo for temporary usage:

            yum-config-manager --disable base
        or
            subscription-manager repos --disable=base

     5. Configure the failing repository to be skipped, if it is unavailable.
        Note that yum will try to contact the repo. when it runs most commands,
        so will have to try and fail each time (and thus. yum will be be much
        slower). If it is a very temporary problem though, this is often a nice
        compromise:

            yum-config-manager --save --setopt=base.skip_if_unavailable=true

failure: repodata/repomd.xml from base: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/7/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not Found

简单一看就是 镜像没有配置！

我看可以去做一下验证：

访问报错中提示的地址，这是我们配置文件中的默认配置

https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/7/os/x86_64/repodata/

很明显！这个地址是空的。自从 CentOS停止维护 以后，很多镜像源也下架了。导致我们运维人员现在蹑手蹑脚，好不自在！

二、问题排查/解决

1、来到我们yum镜像源配置的文件夹下

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

可以看到我们有很多的配置文件，这里我们有限查看第一个配置文件！

打开文件：CenOS-Base.repo

货！配置的地址竟然全是清华的镜像源，没一个能用的！

2、解决base

这里我们切换阿里家的镜像地址

先备份一份 /etc/yum.repos.d 里面的所有文件！

centos镜像_centos下载地址_centos安装教程-阿里巴巴开源镜像站

CentOS 7  执行：

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

或者

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

不想执行上面的代码的小伙伴可以直接复制下面这份，把CenOS-Base.repo中内容覆盖就行

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

配置好后执行：

yum clean all && yum makecache

如何出现：

恭喜你！大功告成！

但是如果显示：

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: base epel extras updates
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base                                                                                                                          | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not Found
Trying other mirror.
To address this issue please refer to the below wiki article 

https://wiki.centos.org/yum-errors

If above article doesn't help to resolve this issue please use https://bugs.centos.org/.



 One of the configured repositories failed (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64),
 and yum doesn't have enough cached data to continue. At this point the only
 safe thing yum can do is fail. There are a few ways to work "fix" this:

     1. Contact the upstream for the repository and get them to fix the problem.

     2. Reconfigure the baseurl/etc. for the repository, to point to a working
        upstream. This is most often useful if you are using a newer
        distribution release than is supported by the repository (and the
        packages for the previous distribution release still work).

     3. Run the command with the repository temporarily disabled
            yum --disablerepo=epel ...

     4. Disable the repository permanently, so yum won't use it by default. Yum
        will then just ignore the repository until you permanently enable it
        again or use --enablerepo for temporary usage:

            yum-config-manager --disable epel
        or
            subscription-manager repos --disable=epel

     5. Configure the failing repository to be skipped, if it is unavailable.
        Note that yum will try to contact the repo. when it runs most commands,
        so will have to try and fail each time (and thus. yum will be be much
        slower). If it is a very temporary problem though, this is often a nice
        compromise:

            yum-config-manager --save --setopt=epel.skip_if_unavailable=true

failure: repodata/repomd.xml from epel: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not Found

看起来是不是还是原来的错！？其实你看地址，已经不一样了！

不要慌张，也不要怀疑自己之前配置的有问题！

很多博客到这里就结束了！

但是我知道，革命尚未成功！

通过这个配置，我们发现也是镜像问题，这时候就要看我们这个文件夹里面的其他文件了！

细心的小伙伴，会复制报错的地址，把后面几个文件夹打开，通过查找看配置中是否有这个地址！

匹配成功！

原来其他文件也有镜像配置！瞬间明了有没有？

同样的，只要我们把前面的更换就行

把

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn -> http://mirrors.aliyun.com

然后重新加载缓存

yum clean all && yum makecache

 没有报错表示成功！，如果还是包错，用同样的方法，在其他文件查询，并更换地址就行啦！

祝你的运维，永远没有bug，让你的服务器用于不会报错！