如何通过Apache提供的DBUtils类简化jdbc编码（还不够简单）

DBUtils类介绍

实例借助DBUtils+数据库连接池（Druid）完成对表的crud

准备工作（jar包）

druid.properties

Actor类

package com.zlh.jdbc;

import java.util.Date;

public class Actor { //Javabean, POJO, Domain对象

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    private Date borndate;
    private String phone;

    public Actor() { //一定要给一个无参构造器[反射需要]
    }

    public Actor(Integer id, String name, String sex, Date borndate, String phone) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.borndate = borndate;
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public Date getBorndate() {
        return borndate;
    }

    public void setBorndate(Date borndate) {
        this.borndate = borndate;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "\nActor{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", borndate=" + borndate +
                ", phone='" + phone + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

JDBCUtilsByDruid

package com.zlh.jdbc.Utils;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Properties;

public class JDBCUtilsByDruid {
    private static DataSource ds;
    static {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        try {
            properties.load(new FileInputStream("src\\druid.properties"));
            ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(properties);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public static Connection getconnection() throws SQLException {
        return ds.getConnection();
    }
    public static void close(ResultSet resultSet, Statement statement,Connection connection){
        try {
            if(resultSet!=null){
                resultSet.close();
            }
            if(statement!=null){
                statement.close();
            }
            if(connection!=null){
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throw new RuntimeException(throwables);
        }
    }
}

最终实现

package com.hspedu.jdbc.datasource;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.ScalarHandler;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@SuppressWarnings({"all"})
public class DBUtils_USE {
    //使用apache-DBUtils 工具类 + druid 完成对表的crud操作
    @Test
    public void testQueryMany() throws SQLException { //返回结果是多行的情况
        //1. 得到 连接 (druid)
        Connection connection = JDBCUtilsByDruid.getConnection();
        //2. 使用 DBUtils 类和接口 , 先引入DBUtils 相关的jar , 加入到本Project
        //3. 创建 QueryRunner
        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner();
        //4. 就可以执行相关的方法，返回ArrayList 结果集
        //String sql = "select * from actor where id >= ?";
        //   注意: sql 语句也可以查询部分列
        String sql = "select id, name from actor where id >= ?";
        // 老韩解读
        //(1) query 方法就是执行sql 语句，得到resultset ---封装到 --> ArrayList 集合中
        //(2) 返回集合
        //(3) connection: 连接
        //(4) sql : 执行的sql语句
        //(5) new BeanListHandler<>(Actor.class): 将resultset -> Actor 对象 -> 封装到 ArrayList
        //    底层使用反射机制 去获取Actor 类的属性，然后进行封装
        //(6) 1 就是给 sql 语句中的? 赋值，可以有多个值，因为是可变参数  Object... params
        //(7) 底层得到的resultset ,会在query 关闭, 同时也会关闭PreparedStatment
        /**
         * 分析 queryRunner.query方法:
         * public <T> T query(Connection conn, String sql, ResultSetHandler<T> rsh, Object... params) throws SQLException {
         *         PreparedStatement stmt = null;//定义PreparedStatement
         *         ResultSet rs = null;//接收返回的 ResultSet
         *         Object result = null;//返回ArrayList
         *         try {
         *             stmt = this.prepareStatement(conn, sql);//创建PreparedStatement
         *             this.fillStatement(stmt, params);//对sql 进行 ? 赋值
         *             rs = this.wrap(stmt.executeQuery());//执行sql,返回resultset
         *             result = rsh.handle(rs);//返回的resultset --> arrayList[result] [使用到反射，对传入class对象处理]
         *         } catch (SQLException var33) {
         *             this.rethrow(var33, sql, params);
         *         } finally {
         *             try {
         *                 this.close(rs);//关闭resultset
         *             } finally {
         *                 this.close((Statement)stmt);//关闭preparedstatement对象
         *             }
         *         }
         *         return result;
         *     }
         */
        List<Actor> list =
                queryRunner.query(connection, sql, new BeanListHandler<>(Actor.class), 1);
        System.out.println("输出集合的信息");
        for (Actor actor : list) {
            System.out.print(actor);
        }
        //释放资源
        JDBCUtilsByDruid.close(null, null, connection);
    }

    //演示 apache-dbutils + druid 完成 返回的结果是单行记录(单个对象)
    @Test
    public void testQuerySingle() throws SQLException {
        //1. 得到 连接 (druid)
        Connection connection = JDBCUtilsByDruid.getConnection();
        //2. 使用 DBUtils 类和接口 , 先引入DBUtils 相关的jar , 加入到本Project
        //3. 创建 QueryRunner
        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner();
        //4. 就可以执行相关的方法，返回单个对象
        String sql = "select * from actor where id = ?";
        // 老韩解读
        // 因为我们返回的单行记录<--->单个对象 , 使用的Hander 是 BeanHandler
        Actor actor = queryRunner.query(connection, sql, new BeanHandler<>(Actor.class), 10);
        System.out.println(actor);
        // 释放资源
        JDBCUtilsByDruid.close(null, null, connection);
    }
    
    //演示apache-dbutils + druid 完成查询结果是单行单列-返回的就是object
    @Test
    public void testScalar() throws SQLException {	//scalar 在java中往往表示单行单列的那个值
        //1. 得到 连接 (druid)
        Connection connection = JDBCUtilsByDruid.getConnection();
        //2. 使用 DBUtils 类和接口 , 先引入DBUtils 相关的jar , 加入到本Project
        //3. 创建 QueryRunner
        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner();
        //4. 就可以执行相关的方法，返回单行单列 , 返回的就是Object
        String sql = "select name from actor where id = ?";
        //老师解读： 因为返回的是一个对象, 使用的handler 就是 ScalarHandler
        Object obj = queryRunner.query(connection, sql, new ScalarHandler(), 4);
        System.out.println(obj);
        // 释放资源
        JDBCUtilsByDruid.close(null, null, connection);
    }

    //演示apache-dbutils + druid 完成 dml (update, insert ,delete)
    @Test
    public void testDML() throws SQLException {
        //1. 得到 连接 (druid)
        Connection connection = JDBCUtilsByDruid.getConnection();
        //2. 使用 DBUtils 类和接口 , 先引入DBUtils 相关的jar , 加入到本Project
        //3. 创建 QueryRunner
        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner();
        //4. 这里组织sql 完成 update, insert delete
        //String sql = "update actor set name = ? where id = ?";
        //String sql = "insert into actor values(null, ?, ?, ?, ?)";
        String sql = "delete from actor where id = ?";
        //老韩解读
        //(1) 执行dml 操作是 queryRunner.update()
        //(2) 返回的值是受影响的行数 (affected: 受影响)
        //int affectedRow = queryRunner.update(connection, sql, "林青霞", "女", "1966-10-10", "116");
        int affectedRow = queryRunner.update(connection, sql, 1000 );
        System.out.println(affectedRow > 0 ? "执行成功" : "执行没有影响到表");
        // 释放资源
        JDBCUtilsByDruid.close(null, null, connection);
    }
}