Linux——MySQL5.7编译安装、RPM安装、yum安装

凤凰战士芭比Q

已于 2024-05-08 16:45:11 修改

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分类专栏： MySQL 杂类文章标签： linux mysql

于 2024-05-07 15:43:03 首次发布

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Linux——MySQL5.7编译安装、RPM安装、yum安装

Linux——MySQL5.7编译安装、RPM安装、yum安装

卸载mysql

# 查看是否安装了mysql
[root@csq ~]# rpm -qa |grep mysql
mysql-community-server-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64
# 停止mysql服务器并删除mysql
[root@csq ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
# 卸载
[root@csq ~]# rpm -ev mysql-community-server-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64
[root@csq ~]# rpm -ev mysql-community-common-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
[root@csq ~]# rpm -ev mysql-community-client-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64
[root@csq ~]# rpm -ev mysql-community-libs-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
# 删除mysql目录文件和库
[root@csq ~]# find / -name mysql
[root@csq ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
[root@csq ~]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
# 删除mysql用户及组
[root@csq ~]# id mysql
uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql)
[root@csq ~]# userdel mysql
[root@csq ~]# groupdel mysql
[root@csq ~]# cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql
[root@csq ~]# cat /etc/group |grep mysql    
# 再次查询
[root@csq ~]# whereis mysql

一、编译安装

安装依赖包

[root@csq ~]# yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel openssl-devel bison gcc gcc-c++ make cmake wget

下载

# 下载
[root@csq ~]# cd /opt/mytools/
[root@csq mytools]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.36.tar.gz 
# 解压
[root@csq mysql-5.7.36]# tar -zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.36.tar.gz 
# 创建mysql用户
[root@csq ~]# useradd -r mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin
# 执行如下命令
[root@csq mytools]# cd mysql-5.7.36/
# 编译安装
cmake . \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost/boost_1_59_0/ \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DINSTALL_MANDIR=/usr/share/man \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1

make -j 2 && make install

第二步：配置环境变量+初始化

[root@csq mysql-5.7.36]# echo "export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin/" >> /etc/profile
[root@csq mysql-5.7.36]# source /etc/profile
[root@csq mysql-5.7.36]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root@csq mysql-5.7.36]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# 初始化完成要记住后面MySQL的初始密码，用于后续的登陆修改密码
LpZ&*(*hh89u

第三步：编辑mysql配置文件

[root@csq mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8

[mysqld]
port = 3306
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
character_set_server = utf8
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.err 
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid
[root@csq mysql-5.7.36]# chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf 
# 参数详解
[client]  # 设置客户端连接 MySQL 服务器时的默认参数
port = 3306  # ：设置客户端连接 MySQL 服务器时使用的端口号为 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock # 指定客户端连接 MySQL 服务器时使用的套接字文件路径为 /tmp/mysql.sock。
default-character-set = utf8 # 设置客户端连接 MySQL 服务器时使用的默认字符集为 utf8
 
[mysqld]  # 这是 MySQL 服务器部分的配置段，用于设置 MySQL 服务器的参数
port = 3306 # 设置 MySQL 服务器监听的端口号为 3306
user = mysql # 指定运行 MySQL 服务器进程的用户为 mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql # 设置 MySQL 服务器的基础目录为 /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data # 设置 MySQL 服务器的数据文件存储目录为 /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock # 指定 MySQL 服务器监听的套接字文件路径为 /tmp/mysql.sock
character_set_server = utf8 # 设置 MySQL 服务器使用的字符集为 utf8
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.err # 设置MySQL服务器的错误日志存放位置 
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid # 设置MySQL服务器PID进程存放位置

第四步：启动mysql

[root@csq mysql]# mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
[root@csq mysql]# netstat -tlnp |grep mysql
tcp6     0      0 :::3306           :::*        LISTEN      24584/mysqld

第五步：修改密码登陆sql

[root@csq mysql]# mysql -uroot -p'IWFXDuyi(1fg'
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '000000';
mysql> exit
[root@csq mysql-5.7.36]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

第六步：配置mysql服务

[root@csq mysql-5.7.36]# cp -rf /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@csq mysql-5.7.36]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@csq mysql-5.7.36]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@csq mysql-5.7.36]# service mysqld status
MySQL running (19985)                                      [  OK  ]
# 或者
[root@csq mysql-5.7.36]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (exited) since Wed 2024-05-08 16:32:36 CST; 56s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)

第七步：防火墙放行3306端口

[root@lnmp-server ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
[root@lnmp-server ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

[root@csq mysql]# netstat -tlnp |grep mysql
tcp6     0      0 :::3306           :::*        LISTEN      24584/mysqld

二、RPM安装

下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

# 下载 
[root@csq ~]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
# 解压

按照顺序安装rpm软件包

[root@csq ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
[root@csq ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
[root@csq ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
[root@csq ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
[root@csq ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
[root@csq ~]# yum install -y net-tools
[root@csq ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
# 验证
[root@csq ~]# whereis mysql
mysql: /usr/bin/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/include/mysql /usr/share/mysql /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz

启动mysql

# 查看服务状态
[root@csq ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead) since Tue 2024-05-07 14:50:20 CST; 20s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
# 初始化数据库
[root@csq ~]# mysqld --initalize --console
# 授权
[root@csq ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
# 启动
[root@csq ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@csq ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2024-05-07 14:55:09 CST; 3s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 24825 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 24807 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 24830 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─24830 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

May 07 14:55:09 csq systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
May 07 14:55:09 csq systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

查看临时密码，登陆mysql，改密码

[root@csq ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log  |grep password                                     2024-05-07T06:29:54.096170Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: <enk8:(8wlWf
[root@csq ~]# mysql -u root -p'<enk8:(8wlWf' 
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
# 设置密码的验证强度等级，设置为low
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=LOW;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
# 设置密码长度为6
mysql> set global validate_password_length=6;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
# 设置密码，只要满足6位数长度即可
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';     
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit

三、yum安装

安装依赖包

[root@csq ~]# yum install -y perl net-tools

下载地址：http://repo.mysql.com/

[root@csq ~]# wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
[root@csq ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

如果要安装mysql5.7版本，可以设置一下yum仓库

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
# 文件中会显示5.5，5.6，5.7的版本，把5.7版本下的enabled=0改成=1
# 把默认5.6版本下的enabled=1改成0，然后再进行安装就可以了

yum安装mysql-5.7

[root@csq ~]# yum install -y mysql-server
[root@csq ~]# mysql --version
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.44, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

开启mysql服务

[root@csq ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@csq ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2024-05-07 15:37:13 CST; 4s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)

登陆mysql，修改密码

[root@csq ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log |grep password
[root@csq ~]# mysql -uroot -p'iywr=#:Wo3yZ'
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=LOW;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 
mysql> set global validate_password_length=6;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';     
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)