【整合SSM框架】_ssm的web容器-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_52061700/article/details/125107889

整合SSM框架

1. SSM框架是哪三个
2. SSM中的两个容器
整合步骤:
3. 效果截图

1. SSM框架是哪三个

Spring业务层:用于管理Service,dao,工具类等对象
SpringMVC:视图层,界面层,负责接收用户请求,显示处理结果
Mybatis持久层:用于访问数据库的,跟数据库进行对接

2. SSM中的两个容器

SSM整合也叫SSI(IBatis就是Mybatis的前身),在整合的过程中有两个容器
1. 第一个容器SpringMVC容器，管理Controller控制器对象的
2. 第二个容器Spring容器，管理Service，Dao，工具类对象的
3. 我们要做的是将我们要使用的对象交给合适的容器去创建，管理，把Controller还有web开发的相关对象交给SpringMVC容器，这些web要用到对象写在SpringMVC的配置文件中，将Service,Dao对象定义在Spring的配置文件中，让Spring来管理这些对象。
4. SpringMVC容器和Spring容器是有关系的，即SpringMVC容器是Spring容器的子容器，类似于java中的继承,在子容器中的controller是可以访问父容器中的Service对象，就可以实现Controller去使用Service对象。

整合步骤:

1. 新建maven项目，创建的是web项目

2. 加入依赖（SpringMVC,Spring,Mybatis三个框架的依赖，还有jackson依赖,mysql驱动,driud连接池依赖，Jsp,Servlet依赖,等依赖）

< !–设置jdk的版本为1.8–>
< properties >
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
< /properties >

此处使用的Spring 的版本为 5.3.16

 <dependencies>
    <!--加入jstl的依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--加入Servlet依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--SpringMVC依赖，会间接加入Spring依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.16</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--jackson的依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--spring的数据源支持依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.16</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--spring中处理事务的依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.16</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--spring中的测试依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.16</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--配置AspectJ的依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.16</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--mybatis依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.4.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--mybatis和Spring集成的依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--mysql连接驱动依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>8.0.27</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--测试单元依赖，可不加-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--阿里的数据连接池-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.12</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <!--配置资源访问,如果不配置可能读取不到java目录中的mapper.xml文件-->
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
        </includes>
      </resource>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
        </includes>
      </resource>
    </resources>
  </build>

3. 配置web.xml文件,主要配置以下三个对象

1) SpringMVC核心对象**DispatcherServlet**对象
2) 配置**CharacterEncodingFilter**对象来解决中文乱码
3) 配置Spring监听器**ContextLoaderListener**,当tomcat一启动就创建Spring容器

web.xml文件:

    <!--注册SpringMVC中央调度器DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:SpringMVC.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--注册字符过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
        <!--指定字符编码,最好写大写的UTF-8-->
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--注册Spring监听器,用于启动Spring容器，ContextLoaderListener-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!--指定Spring配置文件的位置，当项目中有多个Spring配置文件的时候，可以使用通配符*来完成导入-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

4. 创建包，Dao, Service, Entity ,Controller包

5. 配置SpringMVC,Spring,Mybatis的配置文件

SpringMVC配置文件,SpringMVC.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!--controller包扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="控制器所在的包"/>
    <!--添加注解驱动，处理ajax请求，静态资源访问，以及日期转换等-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--设置静态资源访问路径映射-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/static/**" location="/static/"/>
</beans>

Mybatis的配置文件,mybatis-config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <settings>
        <!--开启日志打印功能-->
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
        <!--开启自动转换，将数据库字段带_的转成驼峰命名即  emp_id -> empId-->
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
    </settings>
    <!--设置实体类别名，使用package后默认是类名，且不区分大小写-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="实体类所在的包"/>
    </typeAliases>
</configuration>

Spring的配置文件我分成了两个,一个是专门管理Service层的applicationContext_service.xml,一个是专门管理mapper层或者叫dao层的applicationContext.xml

1.applicationContext.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--导入jdbc.properties文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    <!--创建dataSource数据源对象-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>
    <!--创建sqlSessionFactoryBean对象-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>
    <!--创建dao对象，注册mapper.xml-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!--会对该包下所有的mapper接口都使用一个getMapper()方法，获得mapper接口的实现类，并将
        这些实现类放在Spring容器中，默认id是mapper接口首字母小写名
        -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="mapper接口所在的包"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

applicationContext_service.xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!--声明service包扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="service实现类所在的包"/>
    <!--声明式事务配置-->
    <!--添加事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!--配置数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <!--配置事务切面-->
    <tx:advice id="myadvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*select*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*find*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*search*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*get*" read-only="true"/>

            <tx:method name="*insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="*save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="*create*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>

            <tx:method name="*update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="*change*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="*modify*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>

            <tx:method name="*delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="*remove*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="*drop*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <!--绑定切面+切入点-->
    <aop:config>
        <!--配置切入点表达式-->
        <aop:pointcut id="mycut" expression="execution(* org.example.service..*.*(..))"/>
        <!--绑定切入点和切面-->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="myadvice" pointcut-ref="mycut"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

6.数据库连接属性文件jdbc.properties

按照自己的数据库连接信息进行填写即可


jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test2?zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

7.写代码，mapper接口和Mapper文件，Service接口和它的实现类，Controller，实体类

假设:
1. 实体类:

package org.example.entity;
//用户类
public class User {
    private String userId;
    private String cardType;
    private String cardNo;
    private String userName;
    private String userSex;
    private String userAge;
    private String userRole;
    //无参构造,有参构造,set,get,toString方法已经省略...
    }

2.mapper接口和Mapper文件:

//mapper接口
public interface UserMapper {
   //查询所有用户
   List<User> selectAll();
}

<!--Mapper.xml文件-->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="org.example.dao.UserMapper.UserMapper">
	<select id="selectAll" resultType="user">
		select * from user
	</select>
</mapper>

Service接口以及实现类

//service接口
public interface UserService {
	//查询所有用户
	List<User> findAll();
}

//service实现类
import org.example.dao.UserMapper.UserMapper;
import org.example.entity.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
//@Service用于创建service实现类对象,默认名字叫做实现类首字母小写userServiceImpl
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
	
	@Resource
	private UserMapper userMapper;//业务层需要调用数据访问层的方法,所以将数据访问层对象作为成员变量
	
    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
    //调用数据访问层的方法
        return userMapper.selectAll();
    }
}

Controller层

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

	@Resource
	//控制器中需要调用业务层中的方法,所以需要业务层对象作为成员变量
   private UserService userServiceImpl;

	@RequestMapping("/findAll")
	@ResponseBody//该注解用于返回json数据,发送ajax请求时需要使用
	public List<User> find(){
		return userServiceImpl.findAll();
	}
}