4.打包子应用 投票

接上回 最终得到这样的目录

mysite/
    manage.py
    mysite/
        __init__.py
        settings.py
        urls.py
        asgi.py
        wsgi.py
    polls/
        __init__.py
        admin.py
        apps.py
        migrations/
            __init__.py
            0001_initial.py
        models.py
        static/
            polls/
                images/
                    background.gif
                style.css
        templates/
            polls/
                detail.html
                index.html
                results.html
        tests.py
        urls.py
        views.py
    templates/
        admin/
            base_site.html

安装打包工具

# pip install setuptools

组织子应用 并写点介绍文件

1. 任意外面的目录 起个名字并建文件夹 django-polls

2. 复制 polls 到django-polls

3. 写 README.rst 文件

   =====
   Polls
   =====
   
   Polls is a Django app to conduct web-based polls. For each question,
   visitors can choose between a fixed number of answers.
   
   Detailed documentation is in the "docs" directory.
   
   Quick start
   -----------
   
   1. Add "polls" to your INSTALLED_APPS setting like this::
   
       INSTALLED_APPS = [
           ...
           'polls',
       ]
   
   2. Include the polls URLconf in your project urls.py like this::
   
       path('polls/', include('polls.urls')),
   
   3. Run ``python manage.py migrate`` to create the polls models.
   
   4. Start the development server and visit http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/
      to create a poll (you'll need the Admin app enabled).
   
   5. Visit http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/ to participate in the poll.

4. 写 LICENSE 文件

5. 写 pyproject.toml setup.cfg setup.py 文件 介绍如何构建安装 app

   pyproject.toml

   [build-system]
   requires = ['setuptools>=40.8.0', 'wheel']
   build-backend = 'setuptools.build_meta:__legacy__'

   setup.py

   from setuptools import setup
   
   setup()

   setup.cfg

   [metadata]
   name = django-polls
   version = 0.1
   description = A Django app to conduct web-based polls.
   long_description = file: README.rst
   url = https://www.example.com/
   author = Your Name
   author_email = yourname@example.com
   license = BSD-3-Clause  # Example license
   classifiers =
       Environment :: Web Environment
       Framework :: Django
       Framework :: Django :: X.Y  # Replace "X.Y" as appropriate
       Intended Audience :: Developers
       License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
       Operating System :: OS Independent
       Programming Language :: Python
       Programming Language :: Python :: 3
       Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
       Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
       Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
       Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP
       Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: Dynamic Content
   
   [options]
   include_package_data = true
   packages = find:
   python_requires = >=3.8
   install_requires =
       Django >= X.Y  # Replace "X.Y" as appropriate

包含其他文件

默认情况下，包中仅包含 Python 模块和包。 要包含其他文件，我们需要创建一个 MANIFEST.in 文件。 上一步中提到的 setuptools 文档更详细地讨论了这个文件。 要包含模板、README.rst 和我们的 LICENSE 文件，创建一个文件 django-polls/MANIFEST.in ，其内容如下：

include LICENSE
include README.rst
recursive-include polls/static *
recursive-include polls/templates *

包含详细文档(可选)

1. 创建一个空目录 django-polls/docs

2. 补充一行代码 django-polls/MANIFEST.in

   recursive-include docs *

构建

D:\此电脑下分类\桌面\django-polls>
D:\此电脑下分类\桌面\django-polls>python setup.py sdist
running sdist
running egg_info
creating django_polls.egg-info
writing django_polls.egg-info\PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to django_polls.egg-info\dependency_links.txt
........

最终结果