Zuul路由网关_zuul接口级别超时限制-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_45510899/article/details/111310774

Zuul路由网关简介及基本使用

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请看上图，这里的API 路由网关服务由Zuul实现，主要就是对外提供服务接口的时候，起到了请求的路由和过滤作用，也因此能够隐藏内部服务的接口细节，从来有利于保护系统的安全性

Zuul 路由配置
我们新建一个module microservice-zuul-3001
这里我们的zuul也注册到eureka服务里，端口3001
我们修改下Hosts，专门为zuul搞个本地域名映射
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pom依赖加上

<!--zuul网关-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>

完整pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.xiaoyang</groupId>
        <artifactId>microservice</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>microservice-zuul-3001</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- actuator监控 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- hystrix容错 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--zuul网关-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--ribbon相关依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--引入Feign依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 3001
  context-path: /
spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-zuul
eureka:
  instance:
    instance-id: microservice-zuul:3001
    prefer-ip-address: true
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka2001.xiaoyang.com:2001/eureka/,http://eureka2002.xiaoyang.com:2002/eureka/,http://eureka2003.xiaoyang.com:2003/eureka/
info:
  groupId: com.xiaoyang.testSpringcloud
  artifactId: microservice-zuul-3001
  version: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
  userName: http://xiaoyang.com
  phone: 123456

zuul:
  routes:
    studentServer.serviceId: microservice-student
    studentServer.path: /studentServer/**
  ignored-services: "*"
  prefix: /xiaoyang
  host:
    socket-timeout-millis: 60000
    connect-timeout-millis: 60000

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true
ribbon:
  ReadTimeout: 6000
  ConnectTimeout: 6000
  MaxAutoRetries: 0
  MaxAutoRetriesNextServer: 1
  eureka:
    enabled: true
hystrix:
  command:
    default:
      execution:
        timeout:
          enabled: true
        isolation:
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 15000

启动类

@SpringBootApplication(exclude={DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class, HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class})
@EnableZuulProxy

我们用 http://zuul.xiaoyang.com:3001/microservice-student/student/list 域名+端口+服务名称+请求地址就能请求到数据；
这里直接在zuul网关处配置了ribbon和hystrix的超时时间，因为我们是通过zuul网关去访问内部服务的，如果不在这里配置很有可能造成zuul的阻塞雪崩

Zuul路由映射配置

上面是zuul的简单使用，从接口地址很轻易的就暴露了服务提供者的唯一标识名microservice-student；有安全风险，我们需要将其隐藏；
ignored-services的作用是将原来的服务提供者唯一标识名禁用；
Prefix的作用是给服务加前缀
yml文件中添加以下配置：

zuul:
  routes:
    studentServer.serviceId: microservice-student
    studentServer.path: /studentServer/**
  ignored-services: "*"
  prefix: /xiaoyang

配置完毕后可通过以下链接做测试

http://zuul.xiaoyang.com:3001/studentServer/student/list

http://zuul.xiaoyang.com:3001/xiaoyang/studentServer/student/list

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Zuul请求过滤配置

比如我们登录某个系统需要身份验证，用户名密码啥的；

我们请求服务，也可以来设置身份验证，也就是过滤非法请求；Zuul通过ZuulFilter过滤器实现；
一般具体实现的话每次经过Zuul服务网关我们都对带来的token进行有效性验证

AccessFilter

package com.xiaoyang.microservicezuul3001.filter;

import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext;
import com.netflix.zuul.exception.ZuulException;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**
 * @author xiaoyang
 * @create  2020-12-17 10:35
 */
public class AccessFilter extends ZuulFilter {

    Logger logger=Logger.getLogger(AccessFilter.class);

    /**
     * 判断该过滤器是否要被执行
     */
    @Override
    public boolean shouldFilter() {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 过滤器的具体执行逻辑
     */
    @Override
    public Object run() throws ZuulException {
        RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
        HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
        String parameter = request.getParameter("accessToken");
        logger.info(request.getRequestURL().toString()+" 请求访问");
        if(parameter==null){
            logger.error("accessToken为空！");
            ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
            ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401);
            ctx.setResponseBody("{\"result\":\"accessToken is empty!\"}");
            return null;
        }
        //  token判断逻辑
        logger.info(request.getRequestURL().toString()+" 请求成功");
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 过滤器的类型 这里用pre，代表会再请求被路由之前执行
     */
    @Override
    public String filterType() {
        return "pre";
    }

    /**
     * 过滤器的执行顺序
     */
    @Override
    public int filterOrder() {
        return 0;
    }

}

配置类：

package com.xiaoyang.microservicezuul3001.filter;

import com.xiaoyang.microservicezuul3001.filter.AccessFilter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class ZuulConfig {

    @Bean
    public AccessFilter accessFilter(){
        return new AccessFilter();
    }
}

带了token
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没有token标识

over…