BGP小综合实验

一、实验目的

拓扑：

二、实验要求

1.R2-7每台路由器均存在一个环回接口用于建立邻居，同时还存在一个环回来代表连接用户的接口，最终这些连接用户的接口网络需要可以和R1/8的环回通讯
2.AS2网段地址172.16.0.0/16 ，减少路由条目数量

分析：

三、实验步骤

1. 配置IP

[R1]int LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 32
[R1-LoopBack0]int lo 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 10.1.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.0.9 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int lo 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.2 32
[R2-LoopBack0]int lo 1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.2.1 24

[R3]int lo 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]int lo 1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
[R3-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.5 30

[R4]int LoopBack 0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]int lo 1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.1 24
[R4-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.6 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.13 30

[R5]int lo 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.5 32
[R5-LoopBack0]int lo 1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.1 24
[R5-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.10 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.17 30

[R6]int LoopBack 0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]int lo 1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.1 24
[R6-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.18 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.21 30

[R7]int lo0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.7 32
[R7-LoopBack0]int lo1
[R7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.1 24
[R7-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.22 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.14 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 78.1.1.1 24

[R8]int lo0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 8.8.8.8 32
[R8-LoopBack0]int lo1
[R8-LoopBack1]ip add 80.1.1.1 24
[R8-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 78.1.1.2 24

2. 在AS2内跑OSPF动态路由协议

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

3. 将R2-7的环回OSPF工作方式改为broadcast

[R2]int lo1
[R2-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast

[R3]int lo 1
[R3-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast

[R4]int lo 1
[R4-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
 
[R5]int lo 1
[R5-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast

[R6]int lo 1
[R6-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast

[R7]int lo 1
[R7-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast

4. 配置R1-R2、R7、R8之间的环回的静态路由

[R1]ip route-static 172.16.1.2 32 12.1.1.2

[R2]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 12.1.1.1

[R7]ip route-static 8.8.8.8 32 78.1.1.2

[R8]ip route-static 172.16.1.7 32 78.1.1.1

5. 配置BGP

[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 2
[R1-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R1-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 ebgp-max-hop 
[R1-bgp]network 10.1.1.0 24

[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as-number 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 ebgp-max-hop 2
[R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.2.0 24

[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-bgp]confederation id 2
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R3-bgp]network 172.16.3.0 24

[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2
[R4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64513
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 ebgp-max-hop 2
[R4-bgp]network 172.16.4.0 24

[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as-number 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0 
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 ebgp-max-hop 2
[R5-bgp]network 172.16.5.0 24

[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R6-bgp]network 172.16.6.0 24

[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-bgp]confederation id 2
[R7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 as-number 64512
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 ebgp-max-hop 2
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as-number 64513
[R7-bgp]peer  172.16.1.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 as-number 3
[R7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 ebgp-max-hop 2
[R7-bgp]network 172.16.7.0 24

[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 2
[R8-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R8-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 ebgp-max-hop 2
[R8-bgp]network 80.1.1.0 24

此时在R2上查看BGP表发现学到的R1的业务网段是优的，但是R3和R5上学到的却是不优的，所以需要修改下一跳IP地址；R7同理

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 next-hop-local
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 next-hop-local

[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 next-hop-local
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 next-hop-local

6. 在R3和R6上写反射器，使R2学到R4、R7学到R5

[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 reflect-client

[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 reflect-client

7. BGP的聚合

[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

[R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

8. 查看R1-R8的BGP表和路由表
R1:


R2:


R3:


R4：


R5:


R6:


R7:


R8:

四、测试