Linux挂载新的硬盘到系统中

[root@69-49-234-107 ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs        909M     0  909M   0% /dev
tmpfs           920M  4.0K  920M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           920M   97M  823M  11% /run
tmpfs           920M     0  920M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1        20G   19G  1.4G  94% /
/dev/loop0      582M  564K  551M   1% /tmp
tmpfs           184M     0  184M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdb        9.8G   37M  9.2G   1% /mnt/vol-us-1

先检查系统中有哪些磁盘
[root@69-49-234-107 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/vda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000ea36b

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *        2048    41943006    20970479+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/loop0: 636 MB, 636485632 bytes, 1243136 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/vdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

先格式化新的需要挂载的/dev/vdb磁盘
[root@69-49-234-107 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
/dev/vdb is mounted; will not make a filesystem here!

创建挂载目录
[root@69-49-234-107 /]# mkdir home2
[root@69-49-234-107 /]# ls
1  2  backup  bin  boot  dev  etc  home  home2  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  razor-agent.log  root  run  sbin  scripts  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@69-49-234-107 /]# cd

挂载
[root@69-49-234-107 ~]# mount /dev/vdb /home2
[root@69-49-234-107 ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs        909M     0  909M   0% /dev
tmpfs           920M  4.0K  920M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           920M   97M  823M  11% /run
tmpfs           920M     0  920M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1        20G   19G  1.4G  94% /
/dev/loop0      582M  564K  551M   1% /tmp
tmpfs           184M     0  184M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdb        9.8G   37M  9.2G   1% /home2

查询新的vdb 磁盘的UUID
[root@69-49-234-107 ~]# lsblk -f
NAME   FSTYPE LABEL UUID                                 MOUNTPOINT
vda
└─vda1 xfs          1fcf2679-aa67-4ced-bb9d-f55d7cbbaa93 /
vdb    ext4         2e97e03e-eca1-4c86-97bf-fbfdc92c7ad7 /home2
loop0  ext3         92378e76-a3b7-4b39-9ddd-ac1b0843f91d /var/tmp

挂载成功后，服务器重启，挂载就会消失。因此需要将查询到的新磁盘UUID更新到/etc/fstab文件中，使其服务器启动之后自动挂载。
[root@69-49-234-107 ~]# vim  /etc/fstab
[root@69-49-234-107 ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs        909M     0  909M   0% /dev
tmpfs           920M  4.0K  920M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           920M   97M  823M  11% /run
tmpfs           920M     0  920M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1        20G   19G  1.4G  94% /
/dev/loop0      582M  564K  551M   1% /tmp
tmpfs           184M     0  184M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdb        9.8G   37M  9.2G   1% /home2

这里是更新后的/etc/fstab内容
[root@69-49-234-107 ~]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Jan 21 05:45:20 2016
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=1fcf2679-aa67-4ced-bb9d-f55d7cbbaa93       /       xfs     defaults,uquota 0       0
/var/swap.img                             none                    swap    sw              0 0
/usr/tmpDSK             /tmp                    ext3    defaults,noauto        0 0
UUID=2e97e03e-eca1-4c86-97bf-fbfdc92c7ad7 /home2 ext4 defaults,nofail,discard,noatime 1 2
[root@69-49-234-107 ~]#