lvm练习题

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-28 17:51:40 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-28 17:51:40 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_44731327/article/details/89083651

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#练习1：创建一个至少有两个PV组成的大小为3.4G的名为testvg的VG；要求PE大小为16MB, 而后在卷组中创建大小为2G的逻辑卷testlv；挂载至/users目录；

root@HFJ users]# pvs
[root@HFJ users]# lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb      8:16   0    5G  0 disk 
├─sdb1   8:17   0  1.7G  0 part 
├─sdb2   8:18   0  1.7G  0 part 
└─sdb3   8:19   0  1.7G  0 part 
sda      8:0    0   10G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0  200M  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0  5.9G  0 part /
└─sda3   8:3    0 1000M  0 part [SWAP]
sdc      8:32   0    2G  0 disk 
sr0     11:0    1  3.6G  0 rom  /mnt/rhel65
[root@HFJ users]# pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2,3}
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created
[root@HFJ users]# pvs
  PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize PFree
  /dev/sdb1       lvm2 a--  1.67g 1.67g
  /dev/sdb2       lvm2 a--  1.67g 1.67g
  /dev/sdb3       lvm2 a--  1.65g 1.65g
[root@HFJ users]# vgcreate -s 16M  testvg /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2
  Volume group "testvg" successfully created
[root@HFJ users]# vgs
  VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree
  testvg   2   0   0 wz--n- 3.31g 3.31g
[root@HFJ users]# lvcreate -L 2G -n testlv testvg
  Logical volume "testlv" created
[root@HFJ users]# lvs
  LV     VG     Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  testlv testvg -wi-a----- 2.00g                                             
[root@HFJ users]# cd ..
[root@HFJ /]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv

[root@HFJ /]# mount /dev/testvg/testlv   /users
[root@HFJ /]# df
Filesystem                1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2                   6047492 2777608   2962684  49% /
tmpfs                        509940       0    509940   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                    198337   26936    161161  15% /boot
/dev/sr0                    3762278 3762278         0 100% /mnt/rhel65
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv   2064208   68676   1890676   4% /users

练习2：新建用户archlinux，要求其家目录为/users/archlinux，而后su切换至archlinux用户，复制/etc/pam.d目录至自己的家目录；

root@HFJ /]# useradd -d /users/archlinux archlinux
    [root@HFJ /]# su - archlinux
    [archlinux@HFJ ~]$ cp -r /etc/pam.d  ./
    [archlinux@HFJ ~]$ ls
    doc  pam.d

练习3：扩展testlv至4G，要求archlinux用户的文件不能丢失；

[root@HFJ /]# lvs
      LV     VG     Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
      testlv testvg -wi-ao---- 2.00g                                             
    [root@HFJ /]# vgs
      VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree
      testvg   2   1   0 wz--n- 3.31g 1.31g
    [root@HFJ /]# pvs
      PV         VG     Fmt  Attr PSize PFree
      /dev/sdb1  testvg lvm2 a--  1.66g    0 
      /dev/sdb2  testvg lvm2 a--  1.66g 1.31g
      /dev/sdb3         lvm2 a--  1.65g 1.65g
    [root@HFJ /]# vgextend testvg /dev/sdb3
      Volume group "testvg" successfully extended
    [root@HFJ /]# vgs
      VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree
      testvg   3   1   0 wz--n- 4.95g 2.95g
    [root@HFJ /]# lvextend -L 4G  /dev/testvg/testlv
      Extending logical volume testlv to 4.00 GiB
      Logical volume testlv successfully resized
    [root@HFJ /]# lvs
      LV     VG     Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
      testlv testvg -wi-ao---- 4.00g                                             
    [root@HFJ /]# resize2fs /dev/testvg//testlv 
    resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
    Filesystem at /dev/testvg//testlv is mounted on /users; on-line resizing required
    old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1
    Performing an on-line resize of /dev/testvg//testlv to 1048576 (4k) blocks.
    The filesystem on /dev/testvg//testlv is now 1048576 blocks long.
    
    [root@HFJ /]# df -h
    Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/sda2                  5.8G  2.7G  2.9G  49% /
    tmpfs                      498M     0  498M   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/sda1                  194M   27M  158M  15% /boot
    /dev/sr0                   3.6G  3.6G     0 100% /mnt/rhel65
    /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv  4.0G   69M  3.7G   2% /users
    [root@HFJ /]# ls /users/archlinux/
    doc  pam.d

练习4：收缩testlv至3G，要求archlinux用户的文件不能丢失；

 [root@HFJ /]# umount /dev/testvg/testlv 
    [root@HFJ /]# fsck -f /dev/testvg/testlv 
    fsck from util-linux-ng 2.17.2
    e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
    Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
    Pass 2: Checking directory structure
    Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
    Pass 4: Checking reference counts
    Pass 5: Checking group summary information
    /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv: 72/262144 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 33943/1048576 blocks
    [root@HFJ /]# resize2fs /dev/testvg/testlv 3G
    resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
    Resizing the filesystem on /dev/testvg/testlv to 786432 (4k) blocks.
    The filesystem on /dev/testvg/testlv is now 786432 blocks long.
    [root@HFJ /]# lvs
      LV     VG     Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
      testlv testvg -wi-a----- 4.00g                                             
    [root@HFJ /]# lvreduce -L 3G /dev/testvg/testlv 
      WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 3.00 GiB
      THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
    Do you really want to reduce testlv? [y/n]: y
      Reducing logical volume testlv to 3.00 GiB
      Logical volume testlv successfully resized
    [root@HFJ /]# lvs
      LV     VG     Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
      testlv testvg -wi-a----- 3.00g                                             
    [root@HFJ /]# mount /dev/testvg/testlv   /users
    [root@HFJ /]# df -h
    Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/sda2                  5.8G  2.7G  2.9G  49% /
    tmpfs                      498M     0  498M   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/sda1                  194M   27M  158M  15% /boot
    /dev/sr0                   3.6G  3.6G     0 100% /mnt/rhel65
    /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv  3.0G   68M  2.8G   3% /users

练习5：对testlv创建快照，并尝试基于快照备份数据，验正快照的功能；



   [root@HFJ /]# vgs
      VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree
      testvg   3   1   0 wz--n- 4.95g 1.95g
    [root@HFJ /]# lvcreate -L 1G -s -n testlv_snap  /dev/testvg/testlv 
      Logical volume "testlv_snap" created
    [root@HFJ /]# lvs
      LV          VG     Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
      testlv      testvg owi-aos--- 3.00g                                             
      testlv_snap testvg swi-a-s--- 1.00g      testlv   0.00                          
    [root@HFJ /]# lsblk
    NAME                              MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
    sdb                                 8:16   0    5G  0 disk 
    ├─sdb1                              8:17   0  1.7G  0 part 
    │ └─testvg-testlv-real (dm-2)     253:2    0    3G  0 lvm  
    │   ├─testvg-testlv (dm-0)        253:0    0    3G  0 lvm  /users
    │   └─testvg-testlv_snap (dm-1)   253:1    0    3G  0 lvm  
    ├─sdb2                              8:18   0  1.7G  0 part 
    │ └─testvg-testlv-real (dm-2)     253:2    0    3G  0 lvm  
    │   ├─testvg-testlv (dm-0)        253:0    0    3G  0 lvm  /users
    │   └─testvg-testlv_snap (dm-1)   253:1    0    3G  0 lvm  
    └─sdb3                              8:19   0  1.7G  0 part 
      └─testvg-testlv_snap-cow (dm-3) 253:3    0    1G  0 lvm  
        └─testvg-testlv_snap (dm-1)   253:1    0    3G  0 lvm  
    sda                                 8:0    0   10G  0 disk 
    ├─sda1                              8:1    0  200M  0 part /boot
    ├─sda2                              8:2    0  5.9G  0 part /
    └─sda3                              8:3    0 1000M  0 part [SWAP]
    sdc                                 8:32   0    2G  0 disk 
    sr0                                11:0    1  3.6G  0 rom  /mnt/rhel65
    [root@HFJ /]# ls /backup
    ls: cannot access /backup: No such file or directory
    [root@HFJ /]# mkdir /backup
    [root@HFJ /]# mount -o ro /dev/testvg/testlv_snap  /backup/
    [root@HFJ /]# ls /backup/
    archlinux  lost+found
    [root@HFJ /]# ls /users
    archlinux  lost+found