SpringBoot集成RabbitMQ实现延迟队列

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-06 12:06:49 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-04-06 12:06:49 发布

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文章标签： rabbitmq java

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_43612495/article/details/120779101

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选择

延迟队列的实现有3种方法：

队列设置TTL ：不够灵活，每增加一个TTL时间，都要新增一条队列
消息设置TTL ：消息入队后，遵循先进先出，TTL长的仍然比TTL短的先消费
基于插件实现：消息通过自定义交换机后，不会立即分发到队列，而且存储到mnesia(分布式数据系统)表中，
达到投递时间(TTL)，就投递到目标队列

所以：选择基于插件实现延迟队列

安装

下载地址

下载：rabbit_delayed_message_exchange插件，解压到RabbitMQ/plugins目录

使用命令 rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange 激活使用

流程图

实现步骤

声明配置

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest

声明队列，交换机，绑定关系

@Configuration
public class DelayQueueConfig {

    public static final String DELAYED_EXCHANGE_NAME = "delayed.exchange";
    public static final String DELAYED_QUEUE_NAME = "delayed.queue";
    public static final String DELAYED_ROUTING_KEY = "delayed.routingkey";

    //声明队列
    @Bean
    public Queue delayedQueue(){
        return new  Queue(DELAYED_QUEUE_NAME);
    }
    //声明一个延迟交换机
    @Bean("delayedExchange")
    public CustomExchange delayExchange(){
        //自定义交换机类型
        HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("x-delayed-type","direct");
        /**
         * 1.交换机名称
         * 2.交换机类型
         * 3.是否需要持久化
         * 4.是否需要自动删除
         * 5.其他参数
         */
        return new CustomExchange(DELAYED_EXCHANGE_NAME,"x-delayed-message",true,false,map);
    }
    //绑定队列和延迟交换机
    @Bean
    public Binding bingQueueToExchange(@Qualifier("delayedQueue") Queue queue,
                                       @Qualifier("delayedExchange") CustomExchange customExchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(customExchange).with(DELAYED_ROUTING_KEY).noargs();
    }
}

声明生产者

@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("ttl")
@RestController
public class Producer {

    public static final String DELAYED_EXCHANGE_NAME = "delayed.exchange";
    public static final String DELAYED_ROUTING_KEY = "delayed.routingkey";

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    //基于插件实现的延迟队列
    @GetMapping("/sendDelayMsg/{msg}/{delayTime}")
    public void sendMag(@PathVariable String msg,@PathVariable Integer delayTime){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(DELAYED_EXCHANGE_NAME,DELAYED_ROUTING_KEY,msg, correlationDate ->{
            correlationDate.getMessageProperties().setDelay(delayTime);
            return correlationDate;
        });
        log.info("当前时间：{},延迟为：{},发送消息内容为：{}",new Date(),delayTime,msg);
    }
}

声明消费者

@Slf4j
@Component
public class Consumer {

    public static final String DELAYED_QUEUE_NAME = "delayed.queue";

    //基础插件实现的延迟队列消费者
    @RabbitListener(queues = DELAYED_QUEUE_NAME)
    public void receiveQueue(Message message){
        String msg = new String(message.getBody());
        log.info("当前时间：{},收到消息内容为：{}",new Date().toString(),msg);
    }
}

启动测试

浏览器中依次请求：

http://localhost:8080/ttl/sendDelayMsg/你爱我，我爱你/20000
http://localhost:8080/ttl/sendDelayMsg/你爱我，我爱你,爱情甜蜜蜜/2000