本文介绍了使用Python和Selenium进行单元测试的项目框架搭建步骤。包括定义浏览器与地址的config.ini、实现浏览器基本操作的base_page.py等文件。还说明了按文件前缀筛选测试用例集、生成日志、设置报告格式等内容，创建以test开头的文件可自动循环执行测试用例。
1、先创建项目框架，框架所需结构如图所示
2、config.ini:定义浏览器与地址
#this is config file, only store browser type and server URL
[browserType]
browserName = Chrome
[testServer]
#地址
URL = XX
3、base_page.py：浏览器的基本操作
#浏览器的基本操作
# coding=utf-8
import time
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
import os.path
# from automation_framework_demo.framework.logger import Logger
# create a logger instance
# logger = Logger(logger="BasePage").getlog()
class BasePage(object):
"""
定义一个页面基类，让所有页面都继承这个类，封装一些常用的页面操作方法到这个类
"""
def __init__(self, driver):
self.driver = driver
# quit browser and end testing
def quit_browser(self):
self.driver.quit()
# 浏览器前进操作
def forward(self):
self.driver.forward()
# 浏览器后退操作
def back(self):
self.driver.back()
print("Click back on current page.")
# 隐式等待
def wait(self, seconds):
self.driver.implicitly_wait(seconds)
print("wait for %d seconds." % seconds)
# 点击关闭当前窗口
def close(self):
try:
self.driver.close()
print("Closing and quit the browser.")
except NameError as e:
print("Failed to quit the browser with %s" % e)
# 保存图片
def get_windows_img(self):
"""
在这里我们把file_path这个参数写死，直接保存到我们项目根目录的一个文件夹.\Screenshots下
"""
file_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath('.')) + '/screenshots/'
rq = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M', time.localtime(time.time()))
screen_name = file_path + rq + '.png'
try:
self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(screen_name)
print("Had take screenshot and save to folder : /screenshots")
except NameError as e:
print("Failed to take screenshot! %s" % e)
self.get_windows_img()
# 定位元素方法
def find_element(self, selector):
"""
这个地方为什么是根据=>来切割字符串，请看页面里定位元素的方法
submit_btn = "id=>su"
login_lnk = "xpath => //*[@id='u1']/a[7]" # 百度首页登录链接定位
如果采用等号，结果很多xpath表达式中包含一个=，这样会造成切割不准确，影响元素定位
:param selector:
:return: element
"""
element = ''
if '=>' not in selector:
return self.driver.find_element_by_id(selector)
selector_by = selector.split('=>')[0]
selector_value = selector.split('=>')[1]
if selector_by == "i" or selector_by == 'id':
try:
element = self.driver.find_element_by_id(selector_value)
print("Had find the element \' %s \' successful "
"by %s via value: %s " % (element.text, selector_by, selector_value))
except NoSuchElementException as e:
print("NoSuchElementException: %s" % e)
self.get_windows_img() # take screenshot
elif selector_by == "n" or selector_by == 'name':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_name(selector_value)
elif selector_by == "c" or selector_by == 'class_name':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(selector_value)
elif selector_by == "l" or selector_by == 'link_text':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text(selector_value)
elif selector_by == "p" or selector_by == 'partial_link_text':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(selector_value)
elif selector_by == "t" or selector_by == 'tag_name':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_tag_name(selector_value)
elif selector_by == "x" or selector_by == 'xpath':
try:
element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(selector_value)
print("Had find the element \' %s \' successful "
"by %s via value: %s " % (element.text, selector_by, selector_value))
except NoSuchElementException as e:
print("NoSuchElementException: %s" % e)
self.get_windows_img()
elif selector_by == "s" or selector_by == 'selector_selector':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(selector_value)
else:
raise NameError("Please enter a valid type of targeting elements.")
return element
# 输入
def type(self, selector, text):
el = self.find_element(selector)
el.clear()
try:
el.send_keys(text)
print("Had type \' %s \' in inputBox" % text)
except NameError as e:
print("Failed to type in input box with %s" % e)
self.get_windows_img()
# 清除文本框
def clear(self, selector):
el = self.find_element(selector)
try:
el.clear()
print("Clear text in input box before typing.")
except NameError as e:
print("Failed to clear in input box with %s" % e)
self.get_windows_img()
# 点击元素
def click(self, selector):
el = self.find_element(selector)
try:
el.click()
print("The element \' %s \' was clicked." % el.text)
except NameError as e:
print("Failed to click the element with %s" % e)
# 或者网页标题
def get_page_title(self):
print("Current page title is %s" % self.driver.title)
return self.driver.title
@staticmethod
def sleep(seconds):
time.sleep(seconds)
print("Sleep for %d seconds" % seconds)
4、browser_engine.py：地址整合(可选）
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import time
from selenium import webdriver
def open_browser(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
#测试环境
self.driver.get("XX")
#演示环境
# self.driver.get("XX")
#正式环境
#self.driver.get("XX")
self.driver.maximize_window()
time.sleep(2)
return self.driver
5、logger.py：生成日志（可选）
# _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
import logging
import os.path
import time
class Logger(object):
def __init__(self, logger):
'''
指定保存日志的文件路径，日志级别，以及调用文件
将日志存入到指定的文件中
'''
# 创建一个logger
self.logger = logging.getLogger(logger)
self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
# 创建一个handler，用于写入日志文件
rq = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M', time.localtime(time.time()))
# log_path = os.path.dirname(os.getcwd()) + '/Logs/' # 项目根目录下/Logs 保存日志
log_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath('.')) + '/logs/'
# 如果case组织结构式 /testsuit/featuremodel/xxx.py ， 那么得到的相对路径的父路径就是项目根目录
log_name = log_path + rq + '.log'
fh = logging.FileHandler(log_name)
fh.setLevel(logging.INFO)
# 再创建一个handler，用于输出到控制台
ch = logging.StreamHandler()
ch.setLevel(logging.INFO)
# 定义handler的输出格式
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
fh.setFormatter(formatter)
ch.setFormatter(formatter)
# 给logger添加handler
self.logger.addHandler(fh)
self.logger.addHandler(ch)
def getlog(self):
return self.logger
6、creatsuite.py：按文件前缀筛选测试用例集，循环执行
#筛选测试集
import unittest
# 构建suite（testsuits所在路径）
list = 'XX'
def creatsuite():
testunit = unittest.TestSuite()
# discover 方法定义
discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(list, pattern='test*.py', top_level_dir=None)
# discover 方法筛选出来的用例，循环添加到测试套件中
for test_suite in discover:
testunit.addTests(test_suite)
return testunit
7、logins.py：公共的登录文件
#登录公共文件
import time
from testsuits.MyTest import MyTest
from framework.base_page import BasePage
def cslogin(self):
'''单个用户登录测试'''
MyTest()
BasePage(self.driver)
self.driver.find_element_by_name('userId').send_keys('XX')
self.driver.find_element_by_name('PASSWORD').send_keys('XX')
self.driver.find_element_by_class('login-btn animated-long fadeInUp delay1400').click()
time.sleep(5)
7、MyTest.py：打开浏览器（可选）
import unittest
from framework.browser_engine import open_browser
class MyTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.driver = open_browser(self)
self.driver.implicitly_wait(10)
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.quit()
8、report.py：报告格式
import time
import os
def report():
# 设置报告文件保存路径
report_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath('.')) + '/test_report/'
# 获取系统当前时间
now = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H_%M_%S", time.localtime(time.time()))
# 设置报告名称格式
HtmlFile = report_path + now + "HTMLtemplate.html"
return HtmlFile
9、send_mail.py：发送邮箱
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
import smtplib
# 发送到邮箱
def send_mail(HtmlFile):
"""
发送邮件函数。
参数:
- HtmlFile: 需要发送的HTML文件路径。
此函数负责连接到邮件服务器并发送一封含有指定HTML内容的邮件。
"""
# 邮箱服务器
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
# 发送邮箱
sender = 'XX@163.com'
# 发送邮箱的账号密码
username = 'XX@163.com'
password = 'XX'#使用授权码
# 发送邮件主题
subject = '自动化测试报告'
# 接收邮箱
receiver = 'XX@163.com'
# 文件内容
f = open(HtmlFile, 'rb')
mail_body = f.read()
mail_body=mail_body.decode('utf8')
f.close()
# 创建一个MIMEText对象，设置HTML格式和编码方式
msg = MIMEText(mail_body,'html','utf-8')
# 设置邮件主题，使用Header对象指定编码方式，以确保中文主题能正常显示
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject,'utf-8')
# 设置发件人和收件人信息
msg['from'] = 'XX@163.com'
msg['to'] = 'XX@163.com'
# 创建SMTP对象
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
# 连接到邮件服务器
smtp.connect(smtpserver)
# 登录邮件服务器
smtp.login(username,password)
# 发送邮件，需将消息转换为字符串
smtp.sendmail(sender,receiver,msg.as_string())
# 关闭与邮件服务器的连接
smtp.quit()
10、TestRunner.py：主函数
import unittest
from testsuits.report import report
from testsuits.send_mail import send_mail
from testsuits.creatsuite import creatsuite
import HTMLTestRunner
if __name__ == '__main__':
HtmlFile1 = report()
fp = open(HtmlFile1, "wb")
alltestnames = creatsuite()
# 初始化一个HTMLTestRunner实例对象，用来生成报告
runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp, title=u"XX项目测试报告", description=u"执行人：XXX")
# 开始执行测试套件
runner.run(alltestnames)
fp.close()
send_mail(HtmlFile1)
11、HTMLTestRunner文件：可自己生成文件，存放在python\Lib\site-packages文件下
"""
A TestRunner for use with the Python unit testing framework. It
generates a HTML report to show the result at a glance.
The simplest way to use this is to invoke its main method. E.g.
import unittest
import HTMLTestRunner
... define your tests ...
if __name__ == '__main__':
HTMLTestRunner.main()
For more customization options, instantiates a HTMLTestRunner object.
HTMLTestRunner is a counterpart to unittest's TextTestRunner. E.g.
# output to a file
fp = file('my_report.html', 'wb')
runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(
stream=fp,
title='My unit test',
description='This demonstrates the report output by HTMLTestRunner.'
)
# Use an external stylesheet.
# See the Template_mixin class for more customizable options
runner.STYLESHEET_TMPL = '<link rel="stylesheet" href="my_stylesheet.css" type="text/css">'
# run the test
runner.run(my_test_suite)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2004-2007, Wai Yip Tung
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name Wai Yip Tung nor the names of its contributors may be
used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER
OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
"""
# URL: http://tungwaiyip.info/software/HTMLTestRunner.html
__author__ = "Wai Yip Tung"
__version__ = "0.8.2"
"""
Change History
Version 0.8.2
* Show output inline instead of popup window (Viorel Lupu).
Version in 0.8.1
* Validated XHTML (Wolfgang Borgert).
* Added description of test classes and test cases.
Version in 0.8.0
* Define Template_mixin class for customization.
* Workaround a IE 6 bug that it does not treat <script> block as CDATA.
Version in 0.7.1
* Back port to Python 2.3 (Frank Horowitz).
* Fix missing scroll bars in detail log (Podi).
"""
# TODO: color stderr
# TODO: simplify javascript using ,ore than 1 class in the class attribute?
import datetime
import io
import sys
import time
import unittest
from xml.sax import saxutils
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The redirectors below are used to capture output during testing. Output
# sent to sys.stdout and sys.stderr are automatically captured. However
# in some cases sys.stdout is already cached before HTMLTestRunner is
# invoked (e.g. calling logging.basicConfig). In order to capture those
# output, use the redirectors for the cached stream.
#
# e.g.
# >>> logging.basicConfig(stream=HTMLTestRunner.stdout_redirector)
# >>>
class OutputRedirector(object):
""" Wrapper to redirect stdout or stderr """
def __init__(self, fp):
self.fp = fp
def write(self, s):
self.fp.write(s)
def writelines(self, lines):
self.fp.writelines(lines)
def flush(self):
self.fp.flush()
stdout_redirector = OutputRedirector(sys.stdout)
stderr_redirector = OutputRedirector(sys.stderr)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Template
class Template_mixin(object):
"""
Define a HTML template for report customerization and generation.
Overall structure of an HTML report
HTML
+------------------------+
|<html> |
| <head> |
| |
| STYLESHEET |
| +----------------+ |
| | | |
| +----------------+ |
| |
| </head> |
| |
| <body> |
| |
| HEADING |
| +----------------+ |
| | | |
| +----------------+ |
| |
| REPORT |
| +----------------+ |
| | | |
| +----------------+ |
| |
| ENDING |
| +----------------+ |
| | | |
| +----------------+ |
| |
| </body> |
|</html> |
+------------------------+
"""
STATUS = {
0: 'pass',
1: 'fail',
2: 'error',
}
DEFAULT_TITLE = 'Unit Test Report'
DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION = ''
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# HTML Template
HTML_TMPL = r"""<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>%(title)s</title>
<meta name="generator" content="%(generator)s"/>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
%(stylesheet)s
</head>
<body>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"><!--
output_list = Array();
/* level - 0:Summary; 1:Failed; 2:All */
function showCase(level) {
trs = document.getElementsByTagName("tr");
for (var i = 0; i < trs.length; i++) {
tr = trs[i];
id = tr.id;
if (id.substr(0,2) == 'ft') {
if (level < 1) {
tr.className = 'hiddenRow';
}
else {
tr.className = '';
}
}
if (id.substr(0,2) == 'pt') {
if (level > 1) {
tr.className = '';
}
else {
tr.className = 'hiddenRow';
}
}
}
}
function showClassDetail(cid, count) {
var id_list = Array(count);
var toHide = 1;
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
tid0 = 't' + cid.substr(1) + '.' + (i+1);
tid = 'f' + tid0;
tr = document.getElementById(tid);
if (!tr) {
tid = 'p' + tid0;
tr = document.getElementById(tid);
}
id_list[i] = tid;
if (tr.className) {
toHide = 0;
}
}
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
tid = id_list[i];
if (toHide) {
document.getElementById('div_'+tid).style.display = 'none'
document.getElementById(tid).className = 'hiddenRow';
}
else {
document.getElementById(tid).className = '';
}
}
}
function showTestDetail(div_id){
var details_div = document.getElementById(div_id)
var displayState = details_div.style.display
// alert(displayState)
if (displayState != 'block' ) {
displayState = 'block'
details_div.style.display = 'block'
}
else {
details_div.style.display = 'none'
}
}
function html_escape(s) {
s = s.replace(/&/g,'&');
s = s.replace(/</g,'<');
s = s.replace(/>/g,'>');
return s;
}
/* obsoleted by detail in <div>
function showOutput(id, name) {
var w = window.open("", //url
name,
"resizable,scrollbars,status,width=800,height=450");
d = w.document;
d.write("<pre>");
d.write(html_escape(output_list[id]));
d.write("\n");
d.write("<a href='javascript:window.close()'>close</a>\n");
d.write("</pre>\n");
d.close();
}
*/
--></script>
%(heading)s
%(report)s
%(ending)s
</body>
</html>
"""
# variables: (title, generator, stylesheet, heading, report, ending)
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Stylesheet
#
# alternatively use a <link> for external style sheet, e.g.
# <link rel="stylesheet" href="$url" type="text/css">
STYLESHEET_TMPL = """
<style type="text/css" media="screen">
body { font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 80%; }
table { font-size: 100%; }
pre { }
/* -- heading ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
h1 {
font-size: 16pt;
color: gray;
}
.heading {
margin-top: 0ex;
margin-bottom: 1ex;
}
.heading .attribute {
margin-top: 1ex;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
.heading .description {
margin-top: 4ex;
margin-bottom: 6ex;
}
/* -- css div popup ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
a.popup_link {
}
a.popup_link:hover {
color: red;
}
.popup_window {
display: none;
position: relative;
left: 0px;
top: 0px;
/*border: solid #627173 1px; */
padding: 10px;
background-color: #E6E6D6;
font-family: "Lucida Console", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
text-align: left;
font-size: 8pt;
width: 500px;
}
}
/* -- report ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
#show_detail_line {
margin-top: 3ex;
margin-bottom: 1ex;
}
#result_table {
width: 80%;
border-collapse: collapse;
border: 1px solid #777;
}
#header_row {
font-weight: bold;
color: white;
background-color: #777;
}
#result_table td {
border: 1px solid #777;
padding: 2px;
}
#total_row { font-weight: bold; }
.passClass { background-color: #6c6; }
.failClass { background-color: #c60; }
.errorClass { background-color: #c00; }
.passCase { color: #6c6; }
.failCase { color: #c60; font-weight: bold; }
.errorCase { color: #c00; font-weight: bold; }
.hiddenRow { display: none; }
.testcase { margin-left: 2em; }
/* -- ending ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#ending {
}
</style>
"""
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Heading
#
HEADING_TMPL = """<div class='heading'>
<h1>%(title)s</h1>
%(parameters)s
<p class='description'>%(description)s</p>
</div>
""" # variables: (title, parameters, description)
HEADING_ATTRIBUTE_TMPL = """<p class='attribute'><strong>%(name)s:</strong> %(value)s</p>
""" # variables: (name, value)
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Report
#
REPORT_TMPL = """
<p id='show_detail_line'>Show
<a href='javascript:showCase(0)'>Summary</a>
<a href='javascript:showCase(1)'>Failed</a>
<a href='javascript:showCase(2)'>All</a>
</p>
<table id='result_table'>
<colgroup>
<col align='left' />
<col align='right' />
<col align='right' />
<col align='right' />
<col align='right' />
<col align='right' />
</colgroup>
<tr id='header_row'>
<td>Test Group/Test case</td>
<td>Count</td>
<td>Pass</td>
<td>Fail</td>
<td>Error</td>
<td>View</td>
</tr>
%(test_list)s
<tr id='total_row'>
<td>Total</td>
<td>%(count)s</td>
<td>%(Pass)s</td>
<td>%(fail)s</td>
<td>%(error)s</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
</table>
""" # variables: (test_list, count, Pass, fail, error)
REPORT_CLASS_TMPL = r"""
<tr class='%(style)s'>
<td>%(desc)s</td>
<td>%(count)s</td>
<td>%(Pass)s</td>
<td>%(fail)s</td>
<td>%(error)s</td>
<td><a href="javascript:showClassDetail('%(cid)s',%(count)s)">Detail</a></td>
</tr>
""" # variables: (style, desc, count, Pass, fail, error, cid)
REPORT_TEST_WITH_OUTPUT_TMPL = r"""
<tr id='%(tid)s' class='%(Class)s'>
<td class='%(style)s'><div class='testcase'>%(desc)s</div></td>
<td colspan='5' align='center'>
<!--css div popup start-->
<a class="popup_link" onfocus='this.blur();' href="javascript:showTestDetail('div_%(tid)s')" >
%(status)s</a>
<div id='div_%(tid)s' class="popup_window">
<div style='text-align: right; color:red;cursor:pointer'>
<a onfocus='this.blur();' onclick="document.getElementById('div_%(tid)s').style.display = 'none' " >
[x]</a>
</div>
<pre>
%(script)s
</pre>
</div>
<!--css div popup end-->
</td>
</tr>
""" # variables: (tid, Class, style, desc, status)
REPORT_TEST_NO_OUTPUT_TMPL = r"""
<tr id='%(tid)s' class='%(Class)s'>
<td class='%(style)s'><div class='testcase'>%(desc)s</div></td>
<td colspan='5' align='center'>%(status)s</td>
</tr>
""" # variables: (tid, Class, style, desc, status)
REPORT_TEST_OUTPUT_TMPL = r"""
%(id)s: %(output)s
""" # variables: (id, output)
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ENDING
#
ENDING_TMPL = """<div id='ending'> </div>"""
# -------------------- The end of the Template class -------------------
TestResult = unittest.TestResult
class _TestResult(TestResult):
# note: _TestResult is a pure representation of results.
# It lacks the output and reporting ability compares to unittest._TextTestResult.
def __init__(self, verbosity=1):
TestResult.__init__(self)
self.stdout0 = None
self.stderr0 = None
self.success_count = 0
self.failure_count = 0
self.error_count = 0
self.verbosity = verbosity
# result is a list of result in 4 tuple
# (
# result code (0: success; 1: fail; 2: error),
# TestCase object,
# Test output (byte string),
# stack trace,
# )
self.result = []
def startTest(self, test):
TestResult.startTest(self, test)
# just one buffer for both stdout and stderr
self.outputBuffer = io.StringIO()
stdout_redirector.fp = self.outputBuffer
stderr_redirector.fp = self.outputBuffer
self.stdout0 = sys.stdout
self.stderr0 = sys.stderr
sys.stdout = stdout_redirector
sys.stderr = stderr_redirector
def complete_output(self):
"""
Disconnect output redirection and return buffer.
Safe to call multiple times.
"""
if self.stdout0:
sys.stdout = self.stdout0
sys.stderr = self.stderr0
self.stdout0 = None
self.stderr0 = None
return self.outputBuffer.getvalue()
def stopTest(self, test):
# Usually one of addSuccess, addError or addFailure would have been called.
# But there are some path in unittest that would bypass this.
# We must disconnect stdout in stopTest(), which is guaranteed to be called.
self.complete_output()
def addSuccess(self, test):
self.success_count += 1
TestResult.addSuccess(self, test)
output = self.complete_output()
self.result.append((0, test, output, ''))
if self.verbosity > 1:
sys.stderr.write('ok ')
sys.stderr.write(str(test))
sys.stderr.write('\n')
else:
sys.stderr.write('.')
def addError(self, test, err):
self.error_count += 1
TestResult.addError(self, test, err)
_, _exc_str = self.errors[-1]
output = self.complete_output()
self.result.append((2, test, output, _exc_str))
if self.verbosity > 1:
sys.stderr.write('E ')
sys.stderr.write(str(test))
sys.stderr.write('\n')
else:
sys.stderr.write('E')
def addFailure(self, test, err):
self.failure_count += 1
TestResult.addFailure(self, test, err)
_, _exc_str = self.failures[-1]
output = self.complete_output()
self.result.append((1, test, output, _exc_str))
if self.verbosity > 1:
sys.stderr.write('F ')
sys.stderr.write(str(test))
sys.stderr.write('\n')
else:
sys.stderr.write('F')
class HTMLTestRunner(Template_mixin):
"""
"""
def __init__(self, stream=sys.stdout, verbosity=1, title=None, description=None):
self.stream = stream
self.verbosity = verbosity
if title is None:
self.title = self.DEFAULT_TITLE
else:
self.title = title
if description is None:
self.description = self.DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION
else:
self.description = description
self.startTime = datetime.datetime.now()
def run(self, test):
"Run the given test case or test suite."
result = _TestResult(self.verbosity)
test(result)
self.stopTime = datetime.datetime.now()
self.generateReport(test, result)
print(sys.stderr, '\nTime Elapsed: %s' % (self.stopTime-self.startTime))
return result
def sortResult(self, result_list):
# unittest does not seems to run in any particular order.
# Here at least we want to group them together by class.
rmap = {}
classes = []
for n,t,o,e in result_list:
cls = t.__class__
if not cls in rmap:
rmap[cls] = []
classes.append(cls)
rmap[cls].append((n,t,o,e))
r = [(cls, rmap[cls]) for cls in classes]
return r
def getReportAttributes(self, result):
"""
Return report attributes as a list of (name, value).
Override this to add custom attributes.
"""
startTime = str(self.startTime)[:19]
duration = str(self.stopTime - self.startTime)
status = []
if result.success_count: status.append('Pass %s' % result.success_count)
if result.failure_count: status.append('Failure %s' % result.failure_count)
if result.error_count: status.append('Error %s' % result.error_count )
if status:
status = ' '.join(status)
else:
status = 'none'
return [
('Start Time', startTime),
('Duration', duration),
('Status', status),
]
def generateReport(self, test, result):
report_attrs = self.getReportAttributes(result)
generator = 'HTMLTestRunner %s' % __version__
stylesheet = self._generate_stylesheet()
heading = self._generate_heading(report_attrs)
report = self._generate_report(result)
ending = self._generate_ending()
output = self.HTML_TMPL % dict(
title = saxutils.escape(self.title),
generator = generator,
stylesheet = stylesheet,
heading = heading,
report = report,
ending = ending,
)
self.stream.write(output.encode('utf8'))
def _generate_stylesheet(self):
return self.STYLESHEET_TMPL
def _generate_heading(self, report_attrs):
a_lines = []
for name, value in report_attrs:
line = self.HEADING_ATTRIBUTE_TMPL % dict(
name = saxutils.escape(name),
value = saxutils.escape(value),
)
a_lines.append(line)
heading = self.HEADING_TMPL % dict(
title = saxutils.escape(self.title),
parameters = ''.join(a_lines),
description = saxutils.escape(self.description),
)
return heading
def _generate_report(self, result):
rows = []
sortedResult = self.sortResult(result.result)
for cid, (cls, cls_results) in enumerate(sortedResult):
# subtotal for a class
np = nf = ne = 0
for n,t,o,e in cls_results:
if n == 0: np += 1
elif n == 1: nf += 1
else: ne += 1
# format class description
if cls.__module__ == "__main__":
name = cls.__name__
else:
name = "%s.%s" % (cls.__module__, cls.__name__)
doc = cls.__doc__ and cls.__doc__.split("\n")[0] or ""
desc = doc and '%s: %s' % (name, doc) or name
row = self.REPORT_CLASS_TMPL % dict(
style = ne > 0 and 'errorClass' or nf > 0 and 'failClass' or 'passClass',
desc = desc,
count = np+nf+ne,
Pass = np,
fail = nf,
error = ne,
cid = 'c%s' % (cid+1),
)
rows.append(row)
for tid, (n,t,o,e) in enumerate(cls_results):
self._generate_report_test(rows, cid, tid, n, t, o, e)
report = self.REPORT_TMPL % dict(
test_list = ''.join(rows),
count = str(result.success_count+result.failure_count+result.error_count),
Pass = str(result.success_count),
fail = str(result.failure_count),
error = str(result.error_count),
)
return report
def _generate_report_test(self, rows, cid, tid, n, t, o, e):
# e.g. 'pt1.1', 'ft1.1', etc
has_output = bool(o or e)
tid = (n == 0 and 'p' or 'f') + 't%s.%s' % (cid+1,tid+1)
name = t.id().split('.')[-1]
doc = t.shortDescription() or ""
desc = doc and ('%s: %s' % (name, doc)) or name
tmpl = has_output and self.REPORT_TEST_WITH_OUTPUT_TMPL or self.REPORT_TEST_NO_OUTPUT_TMPL
# o and e should be byte string because they are collected from stdout and stderr?
if isinstance(o,str):
# TODO: some problem with 'string_escape': it escape \n and mess up formating
# uo = unicode(o.encode('string_escape'))
uo = e
else:
uo = o
if isinstance(e,str):
# TODO: some problem with 'string_escape': it escape \n and mess up formating
# ue = unicode(e.encode('string_escape'))
ue = o
else:
ue = e
script = self.REPORT_TEST_OUTPUT_TMPL % dict(
id = tid,
output = saxutils.escape(uo+ue),
)
row = tmpl % dict(
tid = tid,
Class = (n == 0 and 'hiddenRow' or 'none'),
style = n == 2 and 'errorCase' or (n == 1 and 'failCase' or 'none'),
desc = desc,
script = script,
status = self.STATUS[n],
)
rows.append(row)
if not has_output:
return
def _generate_ending(self):
return self.ENDING_TMPL
##############################################################################
# Facilities for running tests from the command line
##############################################################################
# Note: Reuse unittest.TestProgram to launch test. In the future we may
# build our own launcher to support more specific command line
# parameters like test title, CSS, etc.
class TestProgram(unittest.TestProgram):
"""
A variation of the unittest.TestProgram. Please refer to the base
class for command line parameters.
"""
def runTests(self):
# Pick HTMLTestRunner as the default test runner.
# base class's testRunner parameter is not useful because it means
# we have to instantiate HTMLTestRunner before we know self.verbosity.
if self.testRunner is None:
self.testRunner = HTMLTestRunner(verbosity=self.verbosity)
unittest.TestProgram.runTests(self)
main = TestProgram
##############################################################################
# Executing this module from the command line
##############################################################################
if __name__ == "__main__":
main(module=None)
12、创建以test开头的文件的测试用例执行文件，就可以自动循环执行测试用例
import unittest
import time
from testsuits.MyTest import MyTest
from framework.base_page import BasePage
from testsuits.logins import cslogin
class Course_evaluation(MyTest):
def test_login(self):
BasePage(self.driver)
cslogin(self)
time.sleep(3)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
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